线段动态算法-C++-红黑树方法

基于平衡树的算法可以有效地解决这个问题。我们可以用红黑树（Red-Black Tree）来维护边之间的关系，使得每次查找下一条边的时间复杂度为O(log n)。

以下是基于平衡树的C++实现代码：

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <map>

using namespace std;

// Define a point in 2D space
struct Point {
    int x, y;
};

// Define a line segment
struct Line {
    Point p1, p2;
};

// Define a custom comparator for lines
struct LineComparator {
    bool operator()(const Line& l1, const Line& l2) const {
        if (l1.p1.x == l2.p1.x) {
            return l1.p1.y < l2.p1.y;
        }
        return l1.p1.x < l2.p1.x;
    }
};

// Define a red-black tree to store the lines
typedef map<Line, int, LineComparator> RBTree;

// Check if a given line is vertical
bool is_vertical(Line line) {
    return line.p1.x == line.p2.x;
}

// Check if a given line is horizontal
bool is_horizontal(Line line) {
    return line.p1.y == line.p2.y;
}

// Check if a given line is the leftmost line
bool is_leftmost_line(Line line, const RBTree& tree) {
    RBTree::const_iterator it = tree.begin();
    return it->first.p1.x == line.p1.x && it->first.p1.y == line.p1.y;
}

// Check if a given line is the rightmost line
bool is_rightmost_line(Line line, const RBTree& tree) {
    RBTree::const_reverse_iterator it = tree.rbegin();
    return it->first.p2.x == line.p2.x && it->first.p2.y == line.p2.y;
}

// Check if a given line is the topmost line
bool is_topmost_line(Line line, const RBTree& tree) {
    RBTree::const_iterator it = tree.begin();
    return it->first.p1.x == line.p1.x && it->first.p1.y == line.p1.y;
}

// Check if a given line is the bottommost line
bool is_bottommost_line(Line line, const RBTree& tree) {
    RBTree::const_reverse_iterator it = tree.rbegin();
    return it->first.p2.x == line.p2.x && it->first.p2.y == line.p2.y;
}

// Check if two lines are adjacent
bool is_adjacent(Line line1, Line line2) {
    if (is_vertical(line1) && is_vertical(line2)) {
        return line1.p1.x == line2.p1.x;
    }
    if (is_horizontal(line1) && is_horizontal(line2)) {
        return line1.p1.y == line2.p1.y;
    }
    return false;
}

// Check if the given lines form a closed loop
bool is_closed_loop(const vector<Line>& ordered_lines) {
    if (ordered_lines.empty()) {
        return false;
    }
    Line first_line = ordered_lines[0];
    Line last_line = ordered_lines.back();
    return is_adjacent(last_line, first_line);
}

// Reorder the lines to form a closed loop
vector<Line> reorder_lines(const vector<Line>& lines) {
// Create a red-black tree to store the lines
RBTree tree;

// Insert all the lines into the tree
for (int i = 0; i < lines.size(); i++) {
    tree.insert(make_pair(lines[i], i));
}

// Find the leftmost line
Line first_line;
RBTree::const_iterator it = tree.begin();
first_line = it->first;

// Reorder the lines starting from the leftmost line
vector<Line> ordered_lines;
ordered_lines.push_back(first_line);

while (ordered_lines.size() < lines.size()) {
    // Find the next line in clockwise direction
    RBTree::iterator next_it = tree.upper_bound(ordered_lines.back());
    if (next_it == tree.end()) {
        next_it = tree.begin();
    }
    ordered_lines.push_back(next_it->first);
    tree.erase(next_it);
}

// Check if the ordered lines form a closed loop
if (!is_closed_loop(ordered_lines)) {
    cerr << "Error: The ordered lines do not form a closed loop." << endl;
    exit(1);
}

// Return the ordered lines
return ordered_lines;
}

// Test the algorithm with sample input
int main() {
vector<Line> lines = {
{{0, 0}, {1, 0}},
{{1, 0}, {1, 1}},
{{1, 1}, {0, 1}},
{{0, 1}, {0, 0}},
{{0, 0}, {1, 1}},
{{1, 0}, {0, 1}}
};


vector<Line> ordered_lines = reorder_lines(lines);

// Print the ordered lines
for (int i = 0; i < ordered_lines.size(); i++) {
    cout << "Line " << i << ": "
         << "(" << ordered_lines[i].p1.x << ", " << ordered_lines[i].p1.y << ")"
         << " -> "
         << "(" << ordered_lines[i].p2.x << ", " << ordered_lines[i].p2.y << ")"
         << endl;
}

return 0;

这个算法的时间复杂度为O(n log n)，其中n是线段的数量，因为我们需要在红黑树中进行O(log n)的查找和删除操作。