【数字图像处理与应用】Lecture 3 图像增强(空间滤波)

数字图像处理与应用 Class 3. 20200504

Lecture 3 Image Enhancement(Spatial Filtering)

Lecture 3 Image Enhancement(Spatial Filtering)

Basic of spatial filtering

Smoothing spatial filters 平滑

    Smoothing linear filters 平滑线性滤波器

    Order-statistics filters 统计排序滤波器

Sharpening spatial filters 锐化

    1st derivative filters 一阶导

    2nd derivative filters 二阶导

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Basic

Any size rectangle and any shape filter are possible.

一般选择奇数(保证滤波器有中心点)/偶数需额外控制

Spatial Linear filters

a=(m-1)/2 and b=(n-1)/2

m x n (odd numbers)

• 一般化-->               

• Strange Things at the Edges

  At the edges of an image we are missing pixels to form a neighbourhood

• Solutions

  -Omit missing pixels

  Can add extra code and slow down processing

  -Pad the image 增补图片

  Typically with either all white or all black pixels

  -Replicate border pixels 复制边界像素

  -Truncate the image 截断图像

Spatial smoothing filtering 空间平滑滤波

Used for blurring (removal of small details prior to large object extraction, bridging small ga