《PyTorch深度学习实践》3.梯度下降算法

相当于f(x)对x进行求导。求导为正，w就会减小。最终使得目标往最小值靠拢

随机梯度下降，随机取一部分代替所有

在深度学习里面，那个

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt



x_data = [1.0, 2.0, 3.0]
y_data = [2.0, 4.0, 6.0]

w = 1.0

def forward(x):
    return  x * w

##计算loss
def cost(xs, ys):
    cost = 0
    for x,y in zip(xs,ys):
        y_pred = forward(x)
        cost +=(y_pred - y) ** 2
    return cost/len(xs)

def gridient(xs, ys):
    grad = 0
    for x, y in zip(xs,ys):
        grad +=2*x*(x*w-y)
    return grad/len(xs)

print("Predict (before training)", 4, forward(4))

w_list = []
mse_list = []
for epoch in range(1000):

    cost_val = cost(x_data, y_data)
    grad_val = gridient(x_data, y_data)
    w -= 0.01*grad_val
    print("Epoch:", epoch, "w=", w, "loss=", cost_val)
    w_list.append(epoch)
    mse_list.append(cost_val)


print("Predict(after training)", 4, forward(4))
plt.plot(w_list, mse_list)
plt.ylabel("cost_val")
plt.xlabel("epoch")
plt.show()

实际深度学习以epoch学习的方法

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

x_data = [1.0, 2.0, 3.0]
y_data = [2.0, 4.0, 6.0]

w = 1.0

def forward(x):
    return  x * w

def loss(x,y):
    y_pred = forward(x)
    return (y_pred - y)**2

def gradient(x,y):
    return x*2*(x*w-y)


print("Predict (before training)", 4, forward(4))

w_list = []
mse_list = []
for epoch in range(100):
    for x,y in zip(x_data, y_data):
        grad = gradient(x, y)
        w = w - 0.01*grad
        print("\tgrad:", x, y, grad)
        l=loss(x, y)

    print("epoch:",epoch, "w=", w)
    w_list.append(epoch)
    mse_list.append(l)
print("Prediict(after training)",4, forward(4))

plt.plot(w_list, mse_list)
plt.ylabel("mse_list")
plt.xlabel("w_list")
plt.show()

所以，每次均是从总体里面，抽取一部分来进行训练，叫做Batch。

Batch*Batch_size=数据集的总数