win32窗口问题-CreateWindow创建窗口一直失败

D_daytime

已于 2023-08-08 21:06:58 修改

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分类专栏： C++ # MFC编程实践 Windows编程

于 2022-11-14 15:07:19 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/D_daytime/article/details/127847336

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Win32 窗口创建 WndProc 错误调试消息映射

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使用背景

利用VS创建空项目，使用WinMain入口构建代码创建一个win32窗口时，运行老是不显示窗口，调试发现程序在CreateWindow时老是产生失败结果：
在这里插入图片描述
就是上图，_hWnd获取CreateWindow的结果，这里结果一直为空

问题原因

检查代码发现在WndProc中有一处问题
在这里插入图片描述
红色圈起来的地方，比较运算写错了（失误讨打）

下面附上完整代码
代码引用自：《深入浅出MFC（侯捷）》
Generic.h

#ifndef _INCLUDE_WIN32_MLTTHRDPRIORITY_H
#define _INCLUDE_WIN32_MLTTHRDPRIORITY_H

BOOL InitApplication(HINSTANCE);
BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int);

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

LRESULT CALLBACK About(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

LONG OnAbout(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

LONG OnCommand(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
LONG OnExit(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
LONG OnDestroy(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

LONG OnResume(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

#endif //_INCLUDE_WIN32_MLTTHRDPRIORITY_H

Generic.c

#include <windows.h>
#include "Generic.h"
#include "resource.h"

HINSTANCE _hInst;	//应用程序句柄
HWND _hWnd;			//窗口句柄

char _szAppName[] = "Generic";		//应用程序类名
char _szTitle[] = "Sample of Generic(MultiThread)";	//应用程序标题名

//消息与方法结构
struct MSGMAP_ENTRY{
	UINT nMessage;		//消息(数据)
	LONG (*pfn)(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);	//指向执行消息的函数指针(处理数据的方法)
};
#define dim(x) (sizeof(x)/sizeof(x[0]))			//声明获取消息映射入口的尺寸

//模拟消息映射(防MFC)
struct MSGMAP_ENTRY _messageEntries[] = {
	WM_COMMAND, OnCommand,
	WM_DESTROY, OnDestroy,
};

//消息映射(WM_COMMAND)
struct MSGMAP_ENTRY _commandEntries[] = {
	IDM_ABOUT, OnAbout,
	IDM_EXIT, OnExit,
	IDM_RESUME, OnResume,
};

HANDLE _hThread[5];		//全局变量_线程句柄数组

int CALLBACK WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{
	MSG msg;

	UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lpCmdLine);		//(不考虑临界参数)避免编译时的警告

	if (!hPrevInstance)
		if (!InitApplication(hInstance))
			return 0;
	if (!InitInstance(hInstance, nCmdShow))
		return 0;

	while(TRUE)
	{
		if (PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))
		{
			if (msg.message == WM_QUIT)
				break;
			TranslateMessage(&msg);
			DispatchMessage(&msg);
		}
	}

	return 0;
}

BOOL InitApplication(HINSTANCE hInstance)
{
	WNDCLASS wc;

	wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;	//窗口样式
	wc.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)WndProc;
	wc.cbClsExtra = 0;		//窗口类无扩展
	wc.cbWndExtra = 0;		//窗口无扩展
	wc.hInstance = hInstance;	//窗口依赖的应用程序句柄
	wc.hIcon = LoadIcon(hInstance, "Cheng");	//窗口图标
	wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);	//窗口光标
	wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);	//窗口画刷
	wc.lpszMenuName = "GenericMenu";		//窗口菜单资源名
	wc.lpszClassName = _szAppName;			//窗口类名

	return (RegisterClass(&wc));
}

BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow)
{
	_hInst = hInstance;

	_hWnd = CreateWindow(_szAppName, _szTitle, //窗口类名(必需与注册类名保持一致)和标题
		WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, //窗口风格(重叠窗口)
		CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,	//窗口位置和尺寸
		NULL, NULL,	//无父窗口,无菜单
		hInstance,	//窗口依赖的应用程序句柄
		NULL		//预留
		);
	if (!_hWnd)
	{
		return FALSE;
	}

	ShowWindow(_hWnd, nCmdShow);		//显示窗口
	UpdateWindow(_hWnd);	//绘制用户区,发送WM_PAINT消息

	return TRUE;
}

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT nMessage, WPARAM  wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < dim(_messageEntries); i++)
	{
		if (nMessage == _messageEntries[i].nMessage)
		{
			return ((*_messageEntries[i].pfn)(hWnd, nMessage, wParam, lParam));
		}
	}
	return (DefWindowProc(hWnd, nMessage, wParam, lParam));
}

LRESULT CALLBACK About(HWND hDlg, UINT nMessage, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
	UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lParam);		//(不考虑临界参数)避免编译时的警告

	switch(nMessage)
	{
	case WM_INITDIALOG:
		return (TRUE);		//TRUE 表示处理了这个消息
		break;
	case WM_COMMAND:
		if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDOK || LOWORD(wParam) == IDCANCEL)
		{
			EndDialog(hDlg, TRUE);	//关闭对话框
			return (TRUE);	//TRUE 表示处理了这个消息
		}
		break;
	}
	return (FALSE);		//表示没有处理这个消息
}

LONG OnCommand(HWND hWnd, UINT nMessage, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < dim(_commandEntries); i++)
	{
		if (LOWORD(wParam) == _commandEntries[i].nMessage)
		{
			return ((*_commandEntries[i].pfn)(hWnd, nMessage, wParam, lParam));
		}
	}
	return DefWindowProc(hWnd, nMessage, wParam, lParam);
}
//
LONG OnAbout(HWND hWnd, UINT nMessage, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
	DialogBox(_hInst,	//对话框依赖的应用程序句柄
		"AboutBox",		//对话框资源名
		hWnd,			//对话框父窗口句柄
		(DLGPROC)About	//对话框函数
		);
	return (TRUE);
}

LONG OnExit(HWND hWnd, UINT nMessage, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
	DestroyWindow(hWnd);
	return 0;
}

LONG OnDestroy(HWND hWnd, UINT nMessage, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
	PostQuitMessage(0);
	return 0;
}

LONG OnResume(HWND hWnd, UINT nMessage, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
	return 0;
}

resource.h

//{{NO_DEPENDENCIES}}
// Microsoft Visual C++ generated include file.
// Used by Generic.rc

#define	IDM_NEW	25001
#define	IDM_OPEN	25002
#define	IDM_SAVE	25003
#define	IDM_SAVEAS	25004
#define	IDM_PRINT	25005
#define	IDM_PRINTSETUP 25006
#define	IDM_EXIT 25007
#define	IDM_UNDO	25008
#define	IDM_CUT	25009
#define	IDM_COPY	25010
#define	IDM_PASTE	25011
#define	IDM_LINK	25012
#define	IDM_LINKS	25013
#define	IDM_HELPCONTENTS 25014
#define	IDM_HELPSEARCH 25015
#define	IDM_HELPHELP 25016
#define	IDM_ABOUT 25017
#define IDM_RESUME	25018
#define IDM_DELETE	25019

// 新对象的下一组默认值
// 
#ifdef APSTUDIO_INVOKED
#ifndef APSTUDIO_READONLY_SYMBOLS
#define _APS_NEXT_RESOURCE_VALUE        101
#define _APS_NEXT_COMMAND_VALUE         40001
#define _APS_NEXT_CONTROL_VALUE         1001
#define _APS_NEXT_SYMED_VALUE           101
#endif
#endif

Generic.rc

#include "resource.h"
Cheng ICON DISCARDABLE "Cheng.ico"

GenericMenu MENU DISCARDABLE
BEGIN
	POPUP "系统(&T)"
	BEGIN
		MENUITEM "退出(&X)"	IDM_EXIT
	END

	POPUP "文件(&F)"
	BEGIN
		MENUITEM "新建(&N)"	IDM_NEW
		MENUITEM "打开(&O)"	IDM_OPEN
		MENUITEM "保存(&S)"	IDM_SAVE
		MENUITEM "另存为(&A)"	IDM_SAVEAS
		MENUITEM SEPARATOR
		MENUITEM "打印(&P)"	IDM_PRINT
		MENUITEM "打印设置(&R)"	IDM_PRINTSETUP
	END

	POPUP "编辑(&E)"
	BEGIN
		MENUITEM "撤销(&Z\tCtrl+Z)"	IDM_UNDO
		MENUITEM SEPARATOR
		MENUITEM "剪切(&t\tCtrl+X)"	IDM_CUT
		MENUITEM "复制(&C\tCtrl+C)"	IDM_COPY
		MENUITEM "粘贴(&V\tCtrl+V)"	IDM_PASTE
		MENUITEM "删除(&D)"	IDM_DELETE
	END

	POPUP "操作(&P)"
	BEGIN
		MENUITEM "启动(&R)"	IDM_RESUME
	END

	POPUP "帮助(&H)"
	BEGIN
		MENUITEM "关于(&B)"	IDM_ABOUT
	END
END