卷积的性质

参考网址：http://www.docin.com/p-1666980521.html
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1.交换律：$f_1\ast f_2=f_2\ast f_1$

2.分布律：$f_1\ast [f_2+f_3]=f_1\ast f_2+f_1\ast f_3$

3.结合律: $[f_1\ast f_2]\ast f_3=f_1\ast [f_2\ast f_3]$

4.两函数相卷积后的导数等于两函数之一的导数与另一函数相卷积
$$\frac{d}{dt}[f_1\ast f_2]=\frac{d{f}_1}{dt}\ast f_2=f_1\ast \frac{d{f}_2}{dt}$$

5.量函数相卷积后的积分等于两函数之一的积分与另一函数相卷积
$${\int }_{-\infty }^t[f_1\ast f_2]dt=f_1\ast {\int }_{-\infty }^t{f}_2(\tau )$$
推广：
$$f_1\ast f_2=\frac{d{f}_1}{dt}\ast {\int }_{-\infty }^t{f}_2(\tau )=\frac{d^2{f}_1}{d{t}^2}\ast {\int }_{-\infty }^t{\int }_{-\infty }^t{f}_2(\tau )$$
注：以上推广在变换简化时常用。

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6.若：$f_1\ast f_2=s(t)$
则：$f_1^{(m)}(t)\ast f_2^{(n)}(t)=s^{(m+n)}(t)$
注：性质6是个很有意思的性质。

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7.奇异信号的卷积特性
7.1$$\begin{gathered} f(t)\ast \delta (t)=f(t) \\ f(t)\ast \delta (t-t_0)=f(t-t_0) \\ f(t-t_1)\ast \delta (t-t_0)=f(t-t_0-t_1) \end{gathered}$$

7.2
$$\begin{gathered} \delta (t)\ast \delta (t)=\delta (t) \\ f(t)\ast {\delta }^{{}^{\prime }}(t)=f^{{}^{\prime }}(t) \\ f(t)\ast u(t)={\int }_{-\infty }^{t}f(\tau )d\tau \end{gathered}$$
推广：
$$\begin{gathered} f(t)\ast {\delta }^{(k)}(t)=f^{(k)}(t) \\ f(t)\ast {\delta }^{(k)}(t-t_0)=f^{(k)}(t-t_0) \\ f(t)=f(t)\ast {\delta }^{{}^{\prime }}(t)\ast u(t)=f^{{}^{\prime }}(t)\ast u(t) \\ f(t)=f(t)\ast {\delta }^{{}^{\prime \prime }}(t)\ast tu(t)=f^{{}^{\prime \prime }}(t)\ast tu(t) \end{gathered}$$