# 轮廓/形状检测
import cv2
import numpy as np
# 图像排列处理函数
def stackImages(scale, imgArray):
rows = len(imgArray)
cols = len(imgArray[0])
rowsAvailable = isinstance(imgArray[0], list)
width = imgArray[0][0].shape[1]
height = imgArray[0][0].shape[0]
if rowsAvailable:
for x in range(0, rows):
for y in range(0, cols):
if imgArray[x][y].shape[:2] == imgArray[0][0].shape[:2]:
imgArray[x][y] = cv2.resize(imgArray[x][y], (0, 0), None, scale, scale)
else:
imgArray[x][y] = cv2.resize(imgArray[x][y], (imgArray[0][0].shape[1], imgArray[0][0].shape[0]), None, scale, scale)
if len(imgArray[x][y].shape) == 2: imgArray[x][y] = cv2.cvtColor(imgArray[x][y], cv2.COLOR_GRAY2BGR)
imageBlank = np.zeros((height, width, 3), np.uint8)
hor = [imageBlank]*rows
hor_con = [imageBlank]*rows
for x in range(0, rows):
hor[x] = np.hstack(imgArray[x])
ver = np.vstack(hor)
else:
for x in range(0, rows):
if imgArray[x].shape[:2] == imgArray[0].shape[:2]:
imgArray[x] = cv2.resize(imgArray[x], (0, 0), None, scale, scale)
else:
imgArray[x] = cv2.resize(imgArray[x], (imgArray[0].shape[1], imgArray[0].shape[0]), None,scale, scale)
if len(imgArray[x].shape) == 2: imgArray[x] = cv2.cvtColor(imgArray[x], cv2.COLOR_GRAY2BGR)
hor= np.hstack(imgArray)
ver = hor
return ver
def getContours(img):
contours, hierarchy = cv2.findContours(img, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_NONE) # 使用cv点查找轮廓(传入图像对象和检测范围参数)
for cnt in contours:
area = cv2.contourArea(cnt)
print(area)
if area > 500: # 设置检测阈值
cv2.drawContours(imgContour, cnt, -1, (255, 0, 0), 3) # 将复制图像放上面,从而框出
peri = cv2.arcLength(cnt, True) # 计算周长(轮廓长度)检测外围轮廓
# print(peri)
approx = cv2.approxPolyDP(cnt, 0.02*peri, True) # 统计拐点个数,通过拐点个数确认图形形状
print(len(approx)) # 打印其长度,3是三角,4是长方形
objCor = len(approx) # 检测边界框
x, y, w, h = cv2.boundingRect(approx) # 得到xy和对象长宽
# 对象类型名称设置:
if objCor == 3:
objectType = "Tri"
elif objCor == 4:
aspRatio = w/float(h)
if aspRatio > 0.98 and aspRatio < 1.03:
objectType = "Square"
else:
objectType = "Rectangle"
elif objCor > 4:
objectType = "Circles"
else:
objectType = "None"
cv2.rectangle(imgContour, (x, y), (x+w, y+h), (0, 255, 0), 2) # 绘制框,位置宽高(边界框)
cv2.putText(imgContour, objectType,
(x+(w//2)-10, y+(h//2)-10), cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_COMPLEX, 0.7,
(0, 0, 0), 2) # 设置脚本文字(进行了偏移),字体颜色,大小,颜色,粗细
path = '5.png' # 设置资源文件夹
img = cv2.imread(path)
imgContour = img.copy()
# 预处理,转化为灰度,检测拐角点
imgGray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY) # 频道为白色,BG设置为灰色
imgBlur = cv2.GaussianBlur(imgGray, (7, 7), 1) # 高斯模糊函数,定义内核,设置sigma
imgCanny = cv2.Canny(imgBlur, 50, 50) # 边缘检测器
getContours(imgCanny)
imgBlank = np.zeros_like(img) # 创建空白图像
imgStack = stackImages(0.5, ([img, imgGray, imgBlur],
[imgCanny, imgContour, imgBlank]))
cv2.imshow('Stack', imgStack)
cv2.waitKey(0)
OpenCV——Python:轮廓和形状检测6
于 2022-06-04 20:38:05 首次发布