大话设计模式读书笔记之享元模式

1.定义：运用共享技术有效地支持大量细粒度的对象。

2.UML类图：

3.简单代码实现：

package com.guo.flyweightPattern;

public abstract class Flyweight {

    /**
     * @param extrinsicstate 外部的状态
     */
    public abstract void operation(int extrinsicstate);
}

package com.guo.flyweightPattern;

public class ConcreteFlyweight extends Flyweight {

    @Override
    public void operation(int extrinsicstate) {
        System.out.println("具体Flyweight：" + extrinsicstate);
    }

}

package com.guo.flyweightPattern;

public class UnsharedConcreteFlyweight extends Flyweight {

    @Override
    public void operation(int extrinsicstate) {
        System.out.println("不共享的具体Flyweight：" + extrinsicstate);
    }

}

package com.guo.flyweightPattern;

import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.Map;

public class FlyweightFactory {

    private Map<String,Flyweight> flyweights = new Hashtable<>();

    public FlyweightFactory() {
        super();
        flyweights.put("X", new ConcreteFlyweight());
        flyweights.put("Y", new ConcreteFlyweight());
        flyweights.put("Z", new ConcreteFlyweight());
    }

    public Flyweight getFlyweight(String key){
        return flyweights.get(key);
    }
}

客户端代码
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int extrinsicstate = 22;
        FlyweightFactory factory = new FlyweightFactory();

        Flyweight fx = factory.getFlyweight("X");
        fx.operation(--extrinsicstate);
        Flyweight fy = factory.getFlyweight("Y");
        fy.operation(--extrinsicstate);
        Flyweight fz = factory.getFlyweight("Z");
        fz.operation(--extrinsicstate);

        UnsharedConcreteFlyweight uf = new UnsharedConcreteFlyweight();
        uf.operation(--extrinsicstate);

    }

4.Demo结构图及代码贴：

5.使用场景：

如果一个应用程序使用了大量的对象，而大量的这些对象造成了很大的存储开销时就应该考虑使用；还有就是对象的大多数状态可以外部状态表示，如果删除对象的外部状态，那么可以用相对较少的共享对象取代很多组对象，此时可以考虑使用享元模式。