GUI_AWT介绍

AWT介绍

1. 包含了很多类和接口 GUI：图形用户界面
2. 元素：窗口，按钮，文本框
3. java.awt

组件与容器

Frame

import java.awt.*;

//GUI的第一个界面
public class TestFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //Frame   JDK ,看源码
        Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个Java图像界面串口");

        //需要设置可见性  w h
        frame.setVisible(true);

        //设置之窗口大小
        frame.setSize(400,400);

        //设置背景颜色  Color
        frame.setBackground(new Color(189, 134, 134));

        //弹出的初始位置
        frame.setLocation(200,200);

        //设置大小固定
        frame.setResizable(false);
    }
}

发现窗口关不掉，停止运行java

封装

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFrame2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {


        MyFrame myFrame = new MyFrame(100,100,200,200,Color.red);
        MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300,100,200,200,Color.yellow);
        MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100,300,200,200,Color.pink);
        MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300,300,200,200,Color.white);
    }
}

class MyFrame extends Frame{
    static int  id =0;  //可能存在多个窗口

    public MyFrame(int x  , int y, int w, int h , Color color) {
    super("Myframe"+(++id));
    setBounds(x,y,w,h);
    setBackground(color);
    setVisible(true);

    }
}

面板Panel

解决关闭事件

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

//Panel  可以看成是一个空间,但是不能单独存在
public class TestPanel {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        //布局的概念

        Panel panel = new Panel();
        panel.setVisible(true);


        //设置布局
        frame.setLayout(null);

        //坐标
        frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(41, 250, 25));


        //panel 设置坐标，相对于frame
        panel.setBounds(20,20,300,300);
        panel.setBackground(new Color(232, 225, 225));

        //frame.add(panel);

         frame.add(panel);
         frame.setVisible(true);


         //监听时间，监听窗口变比时间  System.exit(0)
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            //窗口点击关闭的时候徐娅做的事情
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
               //结束程序
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });


    }
}

布局管理器

• 流式布局

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFlowlayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();


        //按钮--组件
        Button button = new Button("按钮1");
        Button button2 = new Button("按钮2");
        Button button3 = new Button("按钮3");
        Button button4 = new Button("按钮4");

        //设置为流式布局
        //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
        //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER));
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));

        frame.setSize(200,200);
        frame.setVisible(true);

        //添加按钮
        frame.add(button);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);
        frame.add(button4);
    }
}

• 东西南北中

import java.awt.*;

public class TestBorderLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Frame borderLayout = new Frame("BorderLayout");

        Button east = new Button("East");
        Button south = new Button("South");
        Button west = new Button("West");
        Button Center = new Button("Center");
        Button North = new Button("North");



        borderLayout.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
        borderLayout.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        borderLayout.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
        borderLayout.add(Center,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        borderLayout.add(North,BorderLayout.NORTH);

        borderLayout.setVisible(true);
        borderLayout.setSize(300,300);

    }
}

• 表格布局（Grid）

import java.awt.*;

public class TestGridLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {


        Frame frame = new Frame("BorderLayout");

        Button button = new Button("button");
        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button3");
        Button button4 = new Button("button4");

        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,3));


        frame.add(button);
        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);
        frame.add(button4);

        frame.pack(); ///Java 函数 最佳布局

        frame.setVisible(true);

    }
}

结合:

import java.awt.*;

public class ExDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
        frame.setVisible(true);

        frame.setLocation(300,300);
        frame.setSize(400,300);


        Panel p1= new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        Panel p3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));


        p1.add(new Button("East-1"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        p1.add(new Button("West-1"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-1"));
        p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-2"));
        p1.add(p2,BorderLayout.CENTER);


        p3.add(new Button("East-2"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        p3.add(new Button("West-2"),BorderLayout.WEST);


        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            p4.add(new Button("for-"+i));

        }

        p3.add(p4,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.add(p1);
       frame.add(p3);

    frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
           @Override
           public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
               System.exit(0);
           }
       });

    }
}

总结：

1. frame 是一个顶级窗口
2. Panel无法单独显示，必须添加到某个容器中。
3. 布局管理器
   • 流式
   • 东西南北中
   • 表格
4. 大小，定位，背景颜色，

事件监听

事件监听：当某个事情发生的时候，干什么？

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestActionEvent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //按下按钮，触发一些事件

        Frame frame=new Frame();

        Button button = new Button("button");

        MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
        button.addActionListener(myActionListener);

        frame.add(button);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setBounds(100,100,300,300);
         close(frame);
    }


    public static void close(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }


        });
    }

}

class  MyActionListener implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("aaaa");
    }
}

多个按钮共享一个事件

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestAction02 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Frame frame= new Frame();


        Button button1 = new Button("anniu1");
        Button button2 = new Button("anniu2");


        MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();
        button1.addActionListener(myMonitor);
        button2.addActionListener(myMonitor);

        frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);


        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.pack();



    }



}

class MyMonitor implements ActionListener{
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("按钮被点击==》"+e.getActionCommand());
    }
}
	

输入框TextField 监听

import javax.xml.soap.Text;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestText01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Myframe myframe = new Myframe();


    }
}

class Myframe extends Frame{
  public  Myframe(){

      TextField textField = new TextField();
      add(textField);

      //监听这个文本框输入的文字
      TextListener textListener = new TextListener();
      //按下enter  就会触发这个输入框的事件

      textField.addActionListener(textListener);

      //设置替换编码
      textField.setEchoChar('*');

      setVisible(true);
      pack();
  }
}

class TextListener implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        TextField field= (TextField)e.getSource();  //活得一些资源
        System.out.println(field.getText()); //获得输入框的文本
        field.setText("");
          //null对象  ""字符串
        //field.setText(null);

    }
}

简易计算器，组合+内部类

oop原则：组合大于继承！

class A extends B{
    
}
class A {
    public B b; 
}

初始代码

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//计算器
public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator();

    }
}


//计算器类

class Calculator extends Frame{
    public Calculator() {
        //三个文本框
        TextField num1 = new TextField(10);  //字符数
        TextField num2 = new TextField(10);  //字符数
        TextField num3 = new TextField(20);   //字符数

        //1个按钮

        Button button = new Button("=");

        button.addActionListener(new CalculatorListener(num1,num2,num3));
        //1个标签

        Label label = new Label("+");

        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);

    }
}


//监听器类
class  CalculatorListener implements ActionListener{

    //获取三个变量

    private TextField num1,num2,num3;

    public CalculatorListener(TextField num1,TextField num2,TextField num3) {


        this.num1=num1;
        this.num2=num2;
        this.num3=num3;
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //调入俩个数字
        int i1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
        int i2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());

        //计算求和
        num3.setText(""+(i1+i2));

        //消除俩个加数
        num1.setText("");
        num2.setText("");
    }
}

完全改造面向对象

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//计算器
public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().loadFrame();


    }
}


//计算器类

class Calculator extends Frame {
    TextField num1, num2, num3;

    public void loadFrame() {

        num1 = new TextField(10);  //字符数
        num2 = new TextField(10);  //字符数
        num3 = new TextField(20);   //字符数
        Button button = new Button("=");
        Label label = new Label("+");

        button.addActionListener(new CalculatorListener(this));



        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);

    }
}


//监听器类
class  CalculatorListener implements ActionListener{

    //获取计算器
    Calculator calculator=null;
    public CalculatorListener(Calculator calculator) {
        this.calculator=calculator;
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num2.getText());

        calculator.num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
        calculator.num1.setText("");
        calculator.num2.setText("");

    }
}

内部类：

• 更好的包装

package com.huang.lesson02;


import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//计算器
public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().loadFrame();


    }
}


//计算器类

class Calculator extends Frame {

    //属性
    TextField num1, num2, num3;

    //方法
    public void loadFrame() {

        num1 = new TextField(10);  //字符数
        num2 = new TextField(10);  //字符数
        num3 = new TextField(20);   //字符数
        Button button = new Button("=");
        Label label = new Label("+");

        button.addActionListener(new CalculatorListener());



        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }

       //监听器类
        // 内部类最大的好处，就是可以畅通无阻的访问外部类
         private class  CalculatorListener implements ActionListener{


            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
                int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());

                num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
                num1.setText("");
                num2.setText("");

            }
        }



}

画笔

package com.huang.lesson03;



import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestPaint {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Mypaint().loadFrame();
    }
}

class Mypaint extends Frame{

    public void loadFrame(){
        setBounds(200,200,600,400);
        setVisible(true);
        addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
                @Override
                public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                    System.exit(0);
                }
            });






    }

    //画笔
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //画笔，需要有颜色，画笔可以画画
        //g.setColor(Color.red);
        //g.drawOval(100,100,100,100);
         g.fillOval(100,100,100,100);//实心的园

        //g.setColor(Color.green);
        g.fillRect(150,200,200,200);

        //养成习惯，画笔用完，将它圆环到最初的颜色




    }






}

鼠标监听

目的:想要实现鼠标画画

package com.huang.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.awt.peer.MouseInfoPeer;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;

//鼠标监听事件
public class TestMouseListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyFrame("画图");


    }
}


//自己的类
class MyFrame extends Frame{
    //画画需要画笔，需要监听鼠标当前的位置，需要集合来储存这个点
    ArrayList points;

    public MyFrame(String title) {
    super(title);
    setBounds(200,200,400,300);
     //存鼠标点击的点
     points= new ArrayList<>();
     setVisible(true);

     
     addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });

     //鼠标监听器，正对这个窗口
      this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());


    }

    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
       //画画，监听鼠标的事件
        Iterator iterator = points.iterator();  //迭代 如果有继续输出点
        while(iterator.hasNext()){
             Point point=(Point)iterator.next();
             g.setColor(Color.blue);
             g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10);

        }
    }

    //添加一个点到界面上
        public  void  addPaint(Point point){
        points.add(point);

        }

    //适配器模式
    private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter {
        //鼠标 按下，弹起 按住不放
        @Override
        public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
            MyFrame frame = (MyFrame)e.getSource();
            //这里点击的时候，就会产生一个点！ 画
            //这个点就是鼠标的点；

            frame.addPaint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));

            //每次点击鼠标都需要重画一次
            frame.repaint();//刷新
        }
    }


}

窗口监听

package com.huang.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;



public class TestWindow {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        new WindowFrame();
    }
}
class WindowFrame extends Frame{
    public WindowFrame() {
        setBackground(Color.blue);
        setBounds(100,100,200,200);

        setVisible(true);
        //addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());

        this.addWindowListener(
                //匿名内部类
                new WindowAdapter() {

                    //关闭窗口

                    @Override
                    public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                        System.out.println("windowClosing");
                        System.exit(0);
                    }



                    //激活窗口
                    @Override
                    public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {

                         WindowFrame source=(WindowFrame)e.getSource();
                         source.setTitle("被激活了");
                        System.out.println("windowActivated");
                    }


                }
        );

    }
}

键盘监听

package com.huang.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;

public class TestKeyListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new KeyFrame();
    }
}

class KeyFrame extends Frame{
    public KeyFrame()  {
        setBounds(100,100,300,300);
        setVisible(true);

        this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {

               // 活得键盘按下的键是哪一个，当前的码
                int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();  //不需要去记录这个数值，直接使用静态属性VK——xxx
                System.out.println(keyCode);
                if(keyCode== KeyEvent.VK_UP){
                    System.out.println("你按下了上键");
                }
                //根据按下不同操作，产生不同结果；
            }
        });
    }
}