STM32F0系列串口DMA收发数据

关于STM32F0系列串口DMA收发数据详解

这里用的库函数版本，芯片型号为stm32f030c8t6.在用到串口DMA时，要按以下几个步骤进行。

1.确定使用的串口号，这里，我用的是usart2,对应复用的引脚是PA2,PA3。再根据数据手册查询其对应DMA通道。
对应使用是DMA1_CH4（USART2_TX）与DMA1_CH5（USART2_RX）

2.先进行串口初始化配置

void USART2_Init()
{
	GPIO_InitTypeDef  GPIO_InitStructure;
	USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
	NVIC_InitTypeDef  NVIC_InitStructure;
	
	
	RCC_AHBPeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHBPeriph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
	RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_USART2, ENABLE);
	
	GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOA, GPIO_PinSource2, GPIO_AF_1);		//Tx
	GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOA, GPIO_PinSource3, GPIO_AF_1);		//Rx
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin   = GPIO_Pin_2 |GPIO_Pin_3;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode  = GPIO_Mode_AF;	
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_OType = GPIO_OType_PP;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_PuPd  = GPIO_PuPd_UP;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
	GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
    //配置串口中断优先级
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel                   = USART2_IRQn; 
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPriority           = 2;
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd                = ENABLE;
	NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

    USART_DeInit(USART2); 
	USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate            = bound;                              //波特率
	USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength          = USART_WordLength_8b;                //数据长度8
	USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits            = USART_StopBits_1;                   //1个停止位
	USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity              = USART_Parity_No;                    //无奇偶校验
	USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;     //无硬件流控制
	USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode                = USART_Mode_Tx | USART_Mode_Rx;
	USART_Init(USART2, &USART_InitStructure);
			
	USART_ITConfig(USART2, USART_IT_IDLE, ENABLE);//使能串口空闲中断
	USART_ClearITPendingBit(USART2, USART_IT_IDLE);//清除串口空闲中断标志位
	USART_Cmd(USART2, ENABLE);//使能串口
	
}

3.再配置DMA初始化

```c
u8 DMA_Rx[Temp_BufSize_LEN] = {0};
u8 DMA_Tx[Temp_BufSize_LEN] = {0};

void DMA1_Config(void)

{
    
	DMA_InitTypeDef DMA_InitStructure;
    NVIC_InitTypeDef    NVIC_InitStructure;	
    RCC_AHBPeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHBPeriph_DMA1,ENABLE); 
	  
	  /*****DMA发送配置 Memory->Peripheral *****************/
	DMA_DeInit(DMA1_Channel4);           //将DMA1_Channel4信道寄存器初始化为默认的重置值。
	DMA_InitStructure.DMA_BufferSize = DMA1_MEM_LEN_RX;//设置DMA1的Buffer缓冲区大小，DMA1_MEM_LEN_RX为自定义的变量 
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_M2M = DMA_M2M_Disable;       //关闭内存到内存
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Mode = DMA_Mode_Normal;      //正常模式
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_DIR = DMA_DIR_PeripheralDST;  //内存到外设
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Priority = DMA_Priority_VeryHigh; //优先级非常高
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryInc = DMA_MemoryInc_Enable; //内存地址递增
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralBaseAddr = (uint32_t)&USART2->TDR;   //设置外设接收地址 
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralInc =  DMA_PeripheralInc_Disable;    //外设地址不变
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryDataSize = DMA_MemoryDataSize_Byte;      //设置内存数据长度以Byte为单位
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryBaseAddr = (uint32_t)DMA_Tx;             //设置内存发送地址，DMA_Tx为自定义变量
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralDataSize = DMA_PeripheralDataSize_Byte; //设置外设数据长度以Byte为单位
    DMA_Init(DMA1_Channel4,&DMA_InitStructure);
    
    DMA_ClearITPendingBit(DMA1_IT_TC4);  //清除DMA_ch4传输完成中断标志 		
    DMA_ITConfig(DMA1_Channel4,DMA_IT_TC,ENABLE);	//使能DMA1_CH4传输完成中断		
	USART_DMACmd(USART2,USART_DMAReq_Tx,ENABLE);    //使能串口与DMA发送关联
		
		
		/*****DMA接收配置 Peripheral->Memory*****************/
    DMA_DeInit(DMA1_Channel5);
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_BufferSize = DMA1_MEM_LEN_RX;  
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_M2M = DMA_M2M_Disable;    
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Mode = DMA_Mode_Normal;   
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_DIR = DMA_DIR_PeripheralSRC;  
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Priority = DMA_Priority_High; 
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryInc = DMA_MemoryInc_Enable;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralBaseAddr = (uint32_t)&USART2->RDR;    
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralInc =  DMA_PeripheralInc_Disable;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryDataSize = DMA_MemoryDataSize_Byte; 
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryBaseAddr = (uint32_t)DMA_Rx;  
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralDataSize = DMA_PeripheralDataSize_Byte;
    DMA_Init(DMA1_Channel5,&DMA_InitStructure);
    
    DMA_ClearITPendingBit(DMA1_IT_TC5); 
    DMA_ITConfig(DMA1_Channel5,DMA_IT_TC,ENABLE);
    USART_DMACmd(USART2,USART_DMAReq_Rx,ENABLE);
	DMA_Cmd(DMA1_Channel5,ENABLE);  //使能DMA通道5
		
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = DMA1_Channel4_5_IRQn;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPriority = 1;
		
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
      
}
//注意：DMA初始化没有使能DMA_CH4,我们只需在要发送数据时使能即可

4.用DMA接收数据

void USART2_IRQHandler(void)
{
	u32 id = 0;
	u8 FIFO_Level = 0,i = 0;
	uint16_t Temp_Len=0; 
	//OverRun Error处理
   if(USART_GetFlagStatus(USART2, USART_FLAG_ORE) != RESET)
    {
      USART_ReceiveData(USART2);
      USART_ClearFlag(USART2, USART_FLAG_ORE);      
    }
    //接收空闲中断处理
	if(USART_GetITStatus(USART2, USART_IT_IDLE) != RESET) 
	{
	  USART_ClearITPendingBit(USART2, USART_IT_IDLE);	//清除中断标志位	     
	  DMA_Cmd(DMA1_Channel5, DISABLE);            
      Temp_Len= DMA1_MEM_LEN_RX - DMA_GetCurrDataCounter(DMA1_Channel5);//获得传输的数据个数		 
	  DMA_SetCurrDataCounter(DMA1_Channel5, DMA1_MEM_LEN_RX);
      DMA_Cmd(DMA1_Channel5, ENABLE);
      
      //此部分为自定义的传输协议
	  id = ((u32)DMA_Rx[0] << 24) | ((u32)DMA_Rx[1] << 16) | ((u32)DMA_Rx[2] << 8) | (u32)DMA_Rx[3];
      if(((id >> 13) & 0xff) != 0xff && ((id >> 13) & 0xff) != MY485_deviceinf[14])   
         return;            
      FIFO_Level = RS485_SetRxFifoFillLevel(RS485_FIFO.RS485_RCE);       
      if(FIFO_Level > 3)
         return;
      RS485_FIFO.FIFO_RxBuff_DLen[FIFO_Level-1] = Temp_Len;            
      for(i = 0; i < RS485_FIFO.FIFO_RxBuff_DLen[FIFO_Level-1]; i++)
         RS485_FIFO.RS485_FIFO_RXBUFF[FIFO_Level-1][i] = DMA_Rx[i];
         
	  memset(&DMA_Rx, 0, sizeof(DMA_Rx));		//将DMA中Buffer清空
	}
	
}

5.用DMA发送数据

void DMA_Enable_TX(DMA_Channel_TypeDef *DMA_CHx, u8 len)
{
    RS485_TX_Enable();    //由于用的是rs485，故需先置高bussy信号
	 DMA_Cmd(DMA_CHx, ENABLE);  //使能通道
    //DMA_Cmd(DMA_CHx, DISABLE);
    //DMA_SetCurrDataCounter(DMA_CHx, len);
    //DMA_Cmd(DMA_CHx, ENABLE);
}

int main(void)
{
	int i = 0;
	
	delay_init()
	USART2_Init();
	RS485_Busy_init();
	DMA1_Config();
		
	while(1)
	{						
		DMA_Enable_TX(DMA1_Channel4,DMA1_MEM_LEN_RX);
		DMA_Tx[0]='H';   //例如发送H字母
		
		
	}
}

以上是我对串口DMA的使用理解，希望能帮助到大家，谢谢观看。