【计算机视觉学习之CV2图像操作实战：红绿灯识别1】

红绿灯识别1

步骤

1. 高斯模糊
2. 边缘提取
3. 膨胀腐蚀
4. 中值滤波
5. 再次膨胀
6. 霍夫圆环检测区域
7. 将图片从BGR格式转换为HSV格式
8. 设计颜色阈值
9. 中值滤波
10. 统计像素点数

import cv2
import numpy as np
COLOERS = {
    'red': (0, 0, 255),
    'green': (0, 255, 0),
    'yellow': (0, 255, 255),
}
def detect_color(img):
    hsv = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)
    min_hsv_red1 = np.array([0, 100, 100])
    max_hsv_red1 = np.array([10, 255, 255])
    min_hsv_red2 = np.array([160, 100, 100])
    max_hsv_red2 = np.array([179, 255, 255])
    min_hsv_yellow = np.array([20, 5, 150])
    max_hsv_yellow = np.array([30, 255, 255])
    min_hsv_green = np.array([35, 5, 150])
    max_hsv_green = np.array([90, 255, 255])
    thresh_red = cv2.inRange(hsv, min_hsv_red1, max_hsv_red1) + cv2.inRange(hsv, min_hsv_red2, max_hsv_red2)
    thresh_yellow = cv2.inRange(hsv, min_hsv_yellow, max_hsv_yellow)
    thresh_green = cv2.inRange(hsv, min_hsv_green, max_hsv_green)

    red_blur = cv2.medianBlur(thresh_red, 5)
    yellow_blur = cv2.medianBlur(thresh_yellow, 5)
    green_blur = cv2.medianBlur(thresh_green, 5)

    red = cv2.countNonZero(red_blur)
    yellow = cv2.countNonZero(yellow_blur)
    green = cv2.countNonZero(green_blur)
    lights_color = max(red,yellow,green)

    if lights_color > 60:
        if lights_color == red:
            return 'red'
        elif lights_color == yellow:
            return 'yellow'
        elif lights_color == green:
            return 'green'

if __name__ == '__main__':
    cap = cv2.VideoCapture('lights1.jpeg')
    while True:
        ret,frame = cap.read()
        if ret == False:
            break
        image = cv2.GaussianBlur(frame, (3, 3), 0)
        cv2.imshow("gs", image)
        image_Canny = cv2.Canny(image, 50, 100)
        cv2.imshow('01', image_Canny)
        kernalX = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_RECT, (8, 3))
        kernalY = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_RECT, (3, 8))
        image_Canny = cv2.dilate(image_Canny, kernalX)
        image_Canny = cv2.erode(image_Canny, kernalX, iterations=4)
        image_Canny = cv2.dilate(image_Canny, kernalY)
        image_Canny = cv2.erode(image_Canny, kernalY, iterations=4)
        cv2.imshow('02', image_Canny)
        image_blur = cv2.medianBlur(image_Canny, 25)
        cv2.imshow('image_blur', image_blur)
        kernel = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_RECT, (35, 35))
        image_blur = cv2.dilate(image_blur, kernel)
        cv2.imshow('dilate', image_blur)

        circle = cv2.HoughCircles(image_blur, cv2.HOUGH_GRADIENT, 1, 40, param1=20, param2=10, minRadius=30, maxRadius=60)
        if not circle is None:
            circle = np.uint16(np.around(circle))
            for i in circle[0, :]:
                x, y, r = i[0], i[1], i[2]
                cropped_circle = frame[y - r:y + r, x - r:x + r]
                color = detect_color(cropped_circle)
                cv2.putText(frame, color, (x-r, y-r-5), cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_COMPLEX, 1, COLOERS[color], 2)
                cv2.circle(frame, (i[0], i[1]), i[2], COLOERS[color], 2)
        cv2.imshow("circle", frame)
        cv2.waitKey(0)

测试原图：