本次给大家整理的是《Landscape and Urban Planning》杂志2024年8月第248期的论文的题目和摘要，一共包括23篇SCI论文！
1
More than a canopy cover metric: Influence of canopy quality, water-use strategies and site climate on urban forest cooling potential
不仅仅是树冠覆盖率：树冠质量、用水策略和地点气候对城市森林降温潜力的影响
【亮 点】
Urban tree canopy cover is a promising solution for mitigating heat island Data-driven guidance on tree selection and planting locations is still limited. Four research priorities are proposed, requiring a collaborative research effort. Cross-climate morphological and physiological characteristics are desired. Integration with atmospheric boundary layer models is suggested.【亮点翻译】
城市树木树冠覆盖是缓解热岛效应的一个有希望的解决方案。 关于树木选择和种植地点的数据驱动指导仍然有限。 提出了四个研究重点，需要进行协作研究。 需要跨气候的形态和生理特征。 建议与大气边界层模型整合 。【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105089
Mohammad A. Rahman
慕尼黑技术大学，弗赖辛，巴伐利亚州，德国
墨尔本大学，伯恩利，维多利亚州，澳大利亚
Stefan Arndt
墨尔本大学，伯恩利，维多利亚州，澳大利亚
Felipe Bravo
巴利亚多利德大学，帕伦西亚，西班牙
2
Connecting through nature: A systematic review of the effectiveness of nature-based social prescribing practices to combat loneliness
通过自然连接：自然基础社会处方实践抗击孤独的系统评价【亮 点】
We reviewed 38 articles on how nature-based group interventions affect loneliness.
Quantitative studies had small sample sizes and small or moderate effects.
Qualitative studies showed more clearly how these interventions reduce loneliness.
Group-based activities including natural elements cultivate connectedness and belonging.
Longer interventions showed greater promise in reducing loneliness.
Linking landscape with public health promotes and amplifies the value of urban nature.
【亮点翻译】
【作者信息】
A shby Lavelle Sachs 巴塞罗那全球健康研究所（ISGlobal），巴塞罗那生物医学研究园区（PRBB），艾古阿德医生街88号，08003 巴塞罗那，西班牙 Annika Kolster 赫尔辛基大学，全科医学系，邮政信箱20，00014，芬兰 Jordan Wrigley 科罗拉多大学博尔德分校，普莱森特街1720号，80309，博尔德，科罗拉多州，美国3
Exploring environmental equity and visitation disparities in peri-urban parks: A mobile phone data-driven analysis in Tokyo
探索东京郊区公园的环境公平性和访问差异：基于手机数据的分析
【摘 要】
Peri-urban parks play a crucial role in enhancing urban living conditions and promoting contact with nature. However, assessing environmental equity and visitor disparities in peri-urban parks requires a thorough understanding of visitation patterns, which has been lacking in previous research. To bridge the gap, this study utilizes mobile phone big data from over 40,000 visitors to peri-urban parks in Tokyo. We applied Local Moran's I, Lorenz Curve, Gini coefficient, and K-means clustering methods to scrutinize accessibility and disparities among residents of Tokyo's 23 special wards and within distinct visitor groups. The findings reveal significant insights: Firstly, mobile-based indicators expose disparities, underscoring the relevance of human activities in assessing peri-urban park accessibility, variations in these indicators highlight the need for a multi-dimensional approach. Secondly, Gini coefficient analysis of mobile-based and two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) indicators suggest that extending the service radius beyond 10 km could mitigate environmental inequity. Furthermore, visitation disparities are more distinctly illustrated through mobile-derived visitor subgroups compared to age-demographic groups. These findings offer valuable insights for decision-makers in park planning policy, enabling the development of strategies that address accessibility inequity while establishing effective classifications for peri-urban park visitor groups.
【摘要翻译】
郊区公园在提升城市生活条件和促进与自然接触方面发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，评估郊区公园的环境公平和访客差异需要对访问模式有透彻的了解，这在之前的研究中一直缺失。为了弥补这一缺口，本研究利用来自东京郊区公园超过40,000名访客的手机大数据。我们应用了Local Moran's I、洛伦兹曲线、基尼系数和K-means聚类方法来审视东京23个特别区居民及不同访客群体中的可达性和差异。研究发现提供了重要见解：首先，基于移动的指标揭示了差异，强调了在评估郊区公园可达性时人类活动的相关性，这些指标的变化突出了需要多维度方法的必要性。其次，对基于移动和两步浮动服务区（2SFCA）指标的基尼系数分析表明，将服务半径扩展到10公里以外可能会缓解环境不公平。此外，与年龄-人口统计组相比，通过移动衍生的访客子群体更清晰地显示了访问差异。这些发现为公园规划政策中的决策者提供了宝贵的见解，使他们能够制定解决可达性不公平的策略，同时为郊区公园访客群体建立有效的分类。
【作者信息】
ChengHe Guan 上海市城市设计与城市科学重点实验室，纽约大学上海分校，上海，中国 Yichun Zhou 上海市城市设计与城市科学重点实验室，纽约大学上海分校，上海，中国4
Bent by the market or driven by the policy? Cracking the code of plastic-mulched farmland expansion in peri-urban Hangzhou, China
是市场驱动还是政策推动？解读中国杭州郊区塑料覆膜农田扩张的密码
【摘 要】
An interactive confluence of top-down state interventions and bottom-up market forces has driven a surge of plastic-mulched farmland (PMF), especially in dynamic peri-urban agricultural landscapes, with significant implications for global food security. Nevertheless, there is a dearth of literature regarding the comprehensive policy-market mechanisms on the diffusion of plastic greenhouses. We combine the strength of spatial lag Tobit and BRT models to examine respective roles of policy and market as well as their intrinsic interactions in facilitating PMF growth. Our analysis reveals that both state promotion of food localization policies and spatial proximity to markets increase the intensity of PMF, and market-driven forces are confirmed to be the preponderant determinant. State investments in city-region vegetable production bases exert moderating effect on market-PMF linkages by alleviating market constraints on greenhouses adoption in remote farming regions, while direct policy effects show heterogeneity with different road accessibility, signaling a complex interplay in the interaction mechanism. The counterfactual simulation further emphasize a synergistic effect of policy-market confluence on PMF expansion, suggesting a robust combination of state interventions and market mechanisms. We conclude with insights for planning strategies of greenhouse agriculture and peri-urban farmland use, which shed light on the spatial management framework for regional food systems.
【摘要翻译】
自上而下的国家干预和自下而上的市场力量的互动交汇，推动了塑料覆膜农田（PMF）的激增，尤其是在动态的郊区农业景观中，这对全球粮食安全具有重大意义。然而，关于塑料温室扩散的全面政策市场机制的文献非常匮乏。我们结合空间滞后Tobit和BRT模型的优势，检验政策和市场在促进PMF增长中的各自作用及其内在互动。我们的分析显示，国家推动的食品本地化政策和市场的空间邻近性都增加了PMF的强度，市场驱动力被证实是主要决定因素。国家对城市区域蔬菜生产基地的投资通过缓解偏远农业区域温室采纳的市场限制，对市场-PMF联系产生调节作用，而直接政策效应则因不同的道路可达性显示出异质性，表明互动机制中的复杂相互作用。反事实模拟进一步强调了政策市场交汇对PMF扩张的协同效应，表明国家干预和市场机制的强有力结合。我们总结了温室农业和郊区农田使用的规划策略的见解，这些见解为区域食品系统的空间管理框架提供了启示。【作者信息】
5
Enhancing ecological network establishment with explicit species information and spatially coordinated optimization for supporting urban landscape planning and management
利用明确的物种信息和空间协调优化加强生态网络建设，以支持城市景观规划与管理
【摘 要】
While insightful, ecological networks (ENs) incorporated in landscape planning and management may not provide a sufficient reference for maintaining biodiversity without explicit species information and coordinated actions, particularly in urban agglomeration areas. To address this gap, we conducted a study in Southern Jiangsu to refine the habitat ranges of 25 target species within the current ecological spaces by integrating explicit species information and diversified environmental variables using the MaxEnt model. Subsequently, an eco-space network and a habitat network were established for the region with identified connectivity hotspots as strategic areas for optimizing ENs. To assess the potential impacts of divergent actions during implementation, we developed four decision-making criteria from global and local views to simulate multiple optimization scenarios. These scenarios were quantitatively evaluated based on connectivity performance using cohesive metrics derived from complex network theory. Our findings demonstrated that incorporating species distribution and their interactions with the environment into ENs establishment can strengthen biodiversity conservation planning schemes within a limited range of regional ecological spaces. Furthermore, it highlighted shortcomings such as lack of focus on landscape priorities, discrepancies in corridors, and underestimation of landscape fragmentation caused by solely relying on an eco-space network-based approach. During optimization efforts, our results revealed that adopting a criterion focused on maximizing the number of strategic areas while adhering to a total area threshold can lead to a more connected and effective habitat network strategy when coordinating individual cities from a global view. This study provides valuable insights into prioritized landscapes and offers practical contributions toward mitigating biodiversity loss and improving urban sustainability.
【摘要翻译】
尽管有见地，但在景观规划和管理中纳入的生态网络（ENs）可能无法在没有明确的物种信息和协调行动的情况下为维持生物多样性提供足够的参考，特别是在城市聚集区。为了解决这一差距，我们在江苏南部进行了一项研究，通过整合明确的物种信息和多样化的环境变量使用MaxEnt模型，精细化了当前生态空间内25个目标物种的栖息地范围。随后，为该区域建立了一个生态空间网络和栖息地网络，并确定了连接热点作为优化ENs的战略区域。为了评估实施过程中不同行动的潜在影响，我们从全球和本地视角发展了四个决策标准以模拟多种优化场景。这些场景基于连接性能使用来自复杂网络理论的凝聚度指标进行了量化评估。我们的发现表明，将物种分布及其与环境的相互作用纳入ENs的建立，可以强化在有限的区域生态空间内的生物多样性保护规划方案。此外，它还突出了诸如缺乏对景观优先级的关注、走廊的不一致性以及仅依赖生态空间网络方法导致的景观破碎化低估等缺点。在优化努力中，我们的结果显示，采用一个专注于最大化战略区域数量同时遵守总面积限制的标准可以在从全球视角协调各个城市时导致更连通和有效的栖息地网络策略。这项研究提供了关于优先景观的宝贵见解，并对减少生物多样性损失和提高城市可持续性提供了实际贡献。
【doi】
【作者信息】
6
When mitigation is not “just mitigation”: Defining (and diffusing) tensions between climate mitigation, adaptation, and justice
当缓解不仅仅是“公正的缓解”：定义（和缓解）气候缓解、适应和正义之间的紧张关系
【摘 要】
Using the case of wetlands in California, USA, this paper defines (and assesses strategies for advancing) an understudied corollary of maladaptation and “just adaptation”: “just mitigation.” Wetlands sequester carbon, making their conservation and restoration important for climate mitigation. They also offer co-benefits for climate adaptation, such as greenspace that mitigates the urban heat island and improves local environmental health. However, if such co-benefits are concentrated in the least vulnerable communities, the result would be “unjust mitigation.” This analysis uses a distributive justice lens to compare environmental justice indicators between areas of past and potential investment in wetlands conservation and restoration. On average, areas with greater pollution burden and social vulnerability and less greenspace have received less investment in wetlands conservation and restoration and contain fewer wetlands that could receive investment earmarked for wetlands in the future. This begs the question of what degree of such inequality is acceptable in exchange for reducing overall carbon emissions. Advancing “just mitigation” requires prioritizing wetlands near environmentally burdened communities. However, if such wetlands have reduced sequestration potential due to ecological damage, the goals of mitigation, adaptation, and environmental justice may be in tension.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105081
【作者信息】
Jessica Debats Garrison
美国加州尔湾，社会生态学I 232D，邮编92697-7075
Stephanie Martinez
加州大学尔湾分校，城市规划与公共政策系，美国
7
Does gentrification precede and follow greening? Evidence about the green gentrification cycle in Los Angeles and Chicago
绿化是否导致先有和随后的绅士化？洛杉矶和芝加哥的绿色绅士化周期证据【摘要翻译】
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105095【作者信息】
Alessandro Rigolon
犹他大学，城市与都市规划系，美国
Timothy Collins
犹他大学，地理系，美国
Junsik Kim
犹他大学，城市与都市规划系，美国
8
Do environmental attitudes and personal characteristics influence how people perceive their exposure to green spaces?
【摘 要】
This study explores the relationship between perceived and objective greenspace exposure, and how sociodemographic traits and environmental attitudes influence peoples’ perceptions of greenspace. We leveraged a cross-sectional survey on greenspace exposure among residents of Denver, CO that ran from November 2019 through April 2021. We measured objective greenspace using the average NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index), average percent vegetation, and median GVI (green view index) within 300, 500, and 1,000 m of participants’ residences, and in participant-drawn polygons representing their neighborhoods. We measured perceived greenspace exposure using survey responses from questions about greenspace abundance, visibility, access, usage, and quality near participants’ homes. We assessed relationships between perceived and objective greenspace measures using linear models. Then, we used latent class analysis to create perceived greenspace exposure classes, and used linear models to evaluate the relationship between these classes and sociodemographic and environmental attitude variables.
We found that the relationship between perceived and objective measures (NDVI in the 300-meter buffer) was strongest for abundance (OR: 5.14, [4.0, 6.28]) and visibility (OR: 3.71, [2.58, 4.84]) compared to perceived access (OR: 2.17, [1.02, 3.32]), usage (OR: 2.28, [1.19, 3.37]), and quality (OR: 2.33, [1.25, 3.41]). In fully adjusted models, objective greenspace exposure and environmental attitudes predicted perceived greenspace exposure classes, but sociodemographic variables—other than age—did not.
Our work suggests that objective greenspace exposure is only one factor influencing peoples’ perceived greenspace exposure, and that environmental attitude variables may play an additional role in shaping peoples’ perceptions.
【摘要翻译】
本研究探讨了感知和客观绿地接触之间的关系，以及社会人口学特征和环境态度如何影响人们对绿地的感知。我们利用了2019年11月至2021年4月在科罗拉多州丹佛市居民中进行的一项横断面绿地接触调查。我们使用平均NDVI（归一化差异植被指数）、平均植被百分比和中位数GVI（绿视指数）在参与者住所300米、500米和1000米范围内，以及参与者绘制的代表其邻域的多边形来测量客观绿地。我们通过调查问题关于绿地的丰富度、可见性、可接近性、使用情况和质量来测量感知的绿地接触。我们使用线性模型评估感知和客观绿地措施之间的关系。然后，我们使用潜在类分析创建感知绿地接触类，并使用线性模型评估这些类与社会人口学和环境态度变量之间的关系。
我们发现感知和客观测量之间的关系（300米缓冲区内的NDVI）在丰富度（OR: 5.14, [4.0, 6.28]）和可见性（OR: 3.71, [2.58, 4.84]）方面最强，相比之下，感知的可接近性（OR: 2.17, [1.02, 3.32]）、使用情况（OR: 2.28, [1.19, 3.37]）和质量（OR: 2.33, [1.25, 3.41]）。在完全调整模型中，客观绿地接触和环境态度预测了感知绿地接触类，但社会人口学变量—除了年龄—没有。
我们的工作表明，客观绿地接触只是影响人们感知绿地接触的一个因素，环境态度变量可能在塑造人们的感知中发挥额外的作用。
【doi】
【作者信息】
Emma S. Rieves
科 罗拉多大学，地理学系，美国科罗拉多州博尔德 科罗拉多大学，行为科学研究所，美国科罗拉多州博尔德 Colleen E. Reid 科罗拉多大学，地理学系，美国科罗拉多州博尔德 科罗拉多大学，行为科学研究所，美国科罗拉多州博尔德 Kate Carlson 科罗拉多大学，地理学系，美国科罗拉多州博尔德 Xiaojiang Li 天普大学，地理与城市研究系，美国宾夕法尼亚州费城9
Seeing through their eyes: Revealing recreationists’ landscape preferences through viewshed analysis and machine learning
Planning for outdoor recreation requires knowledge about the needs and preferences of recreationists. While previous research has mainly relied on stated preferences, recent advances in spatial data collection and analysis have enabled the assessments of actual usage patterns. In this study, we explored how landscape characteristics interact with the attributes of recreationists to determine their area choice for recreation. Using a public participation GIS (PPGIS) approach we asked residents of a Swedish city in the boreal region to draw typical recreational routes and identify favourite places for recreatio n on a digital online map (1389 routes, 385 individuals). We employed a novel methodology, where LiDAR data was used to calculate what was visible along all routes and at favourite places (viewsheds) in order to more realistically capture the landscape that each recreationist had experienced. Using machine learning modelling, we compared landscape characteristics of experienced areas with areas available to each recreationist. Our novel approach yielded accurate models that revealed that water environments, recreational infrastructure and deciduous forests increased the probability of choosing an area for recreation, while urban environments, noise, forest clearcuts and young forests had the opposite effect. Characteristics of the recreationists such as age, gender, level of education, or of the activity, such as type of activity performed, did not meaningfully influence area choice. Our findings suggest that it is possible to improve the conditions for recreation by developing recreational infrastructure, maintaining re creation opportunities close to waters, and adapting forest management in areas important for recreation.
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105097【作者信息】
C arl Lehto瑞典农业科学大学，生态学系，瑞典
Marcus Hedblom
瑞典农业科学大学，城乡发展系，瑞典
Anna Filyushkina
瑞典农业科学大学，生态学系，瑞典
Thomas Ranius
瑞典农业科学大学，生态学系，瑞典
10
'Blossom Buddies' − How do flower colour combinations affect emotional response and influence therapeutic landscape design?
“花朵伙伴” − 花卉颜色组合如何影响情感反应并影响治疗性景观设计？【摘 要】
【摘要翻译】
自然景观与健康和福祉成果相关联。本研究调查了景观中颜色对情感的反应。通过一个在线问卷（715名回答者）来捕捉参与者对关键花卉颜色及其组合的偏好和积极的心理反应。使用各种颜色的三色堇花组合创建图像。花卉组合探讨了互补、类似及温/冷色调和的效果。橙色花朵（一种温暖的颜色）在参与者中提供了强烈的振奋情绪：即使将多达50%的橙色花朵替换为互补（且冷色）的蓝色，这种情感反应仍然维持。相比之下，当25%或更多的花朵被橙色替换时，100%蓝色花朵的放松效果就会丧失。使用类似的冷色调，显然蓝色比紫色提供更多的放松感，而在蓝色组合中添加紫色（50:50）减少了花卉组合促进放松的能力。然而，被认为最能放松的颜色是白色；但再次将这种颜色与蓝色或紫色混合，倾向于减少其放松的能力。因此，研究表明某些颜色和组合的模式在增强个人情感福祉方面提供了一种通用反应；这一点可以在设计的治疗性景观中加以利用。
【doi】
Liwen Zhang
谢菲尔德大学，景观建筑系，艺术塔楼12楼，英国谢菲尔德，S10 2TN
Nicola Dempsey
谢菲尔德大学，景观建筑系，艺术塔楼12楼，英国谢菲尔德，S10 2TN
Ross Cameron
谢菲尔德大学，景观建筑系，艺术塔楼12楼，英国谢菲尔德，S10 2TN
11
Urbanization alters the geographic patterns of passerine plumage color in China
城市化改变了中国雀形目鸟类羽毛颜色的地理模式
【摘 要】
Urbanization has altered natural landscapes and serves as an environmental filter that selects species with specific traits. Coloration is an important trait associated with biotic interactions and thermoregulation, enabling species’ survival and reproductive success. However, few studies have focused on how species coloration changes in response to urbanization. Here, we used 547 passerine bird species from 42 cities and their corresponding non-urban communities in China to test whether urban species are darker and if they have duller plumage colors than their non-urban counterparts. Furthermore, we examined whether and how urbanization influences avian plumage color homogenization and the extent to which urbanization has altered the strength of the color–latitude geographic pattern in passerine birds across China. We found a 3.2% loss in the coloration space of birds after urbanization, although there were no significant differences in the individual dimensions of colorfulness and lightness between urban and non-urban birds. Avian communities in cities exhibited more plumage color homogenization than those in non-urban communities. There were significant latitudinal gradients in plumage colorfulness and lightness in non-urban communities, but these correlations were weaker in urban communities. Non-urban communities that were more colorful and lighter tended to be duller and darker in urban environments, and vice versa. Our results provide national-scale evidence that urbanization has led to reduced color diversity, increased color-based community similarity, and altered geographic patterns of avian plumage color gradients in China. These findings provide new insights into how rapid human-induced environmental changes have affected animal coloration during the Anthropocene.
【摘要翻译】
城市化改变了自然景观，并充当选择具有特定特征种类的环境过滤器。颜色是一个与生物相互作用和调温相关的重要特征，有助于物种的生存和繁殖成功。然而，很少有研究关注物种颜色如何响应城市化的变化。在这里，我们使用中国42个城市及其相应的非城市社区的547种雀形目鸟类，来测试城市物种是否更暗，它们的羽毛颜色是否比非城市物种更暗淡。此外，我们还检查了城市化如何以及在何种程度上影响鸟类羽毛颜色的同质化，以及城市化改变了中国雀形目鸟类颜色与纬度地理模式的强度。我们发现城市化后鸟类的颜色空间损失了3.2%，尽管城市和非城市鸟类的色彩和亮度个别维度之间没有显著差异。城市中的鸟类社区比非城市社区显示出更多的羽毛颜色同质化。非城市社区中羽毛的色彩和亮度存在显著的纬度梯度，但这些相关性在城市社区中较弱。非城市社区中更多彩和更亮的环境往往在城市环境中变得更暗淡和更暗，反之亦然。我们的结果提供了全国范围的证据，表明城市化导致了色彩多样性的减少，基于颜色的社区相似性的增加，以及中国鸟类羽毛颜色梯度地理模式的改变。这些发现为快速的人为环境变化如何影响人类世动物的颜色提供了新的见解。
【doi】
【作者信息】
Jiehua Yu
华南师范大学生命科学学院，广州亚热带生物多样性与生物监测重点实验室，510631广州，中国
Haoting Duan
华南师范大学生命科学学院，广州亚热带生物多样性与生物监测重点实验室，510631广州，中国
Baoming Zhang
华南师范大学生命科学学院，广州亚热带生物多样性与生物监测重点实验室，510631广州，中国
Ludan Zhang
华南师范大学生命科学学院，广州亚热带生物多样性与生物监测重点实验室，510631广州，中国
Jiekun He
华南师范大学，中山西路55号，510631广州，中国12
Financing climate adaptation in Flemish cities: Unpacking financial strategies and policy dynamics for nature-based solutions融资弗拉芒城市的气候适应：解析基于自然的解决方案的财务策略和政策动态
【摘 要】
As climate change continues to impact cities, nature-based solutions (NBS) are being advanced as important adaptation strategies for mitigating these negative effects. As is the case throughout Europe, Flemish cities have enacted adaptation policies and plans outlining the importance of NBS. Nevertheless, the implementation of NBS has been slow. Local governments identify financing as an important barrier. Although private financing is often proposed as a solution, few studies have applied a public-financing perspective to generate insight into and remedies for such issues. In this article, we examine how four Flemish cities are financing NBS implemented in public spaces as climate adaptation strategies. Based on a multiple case study approach, our results uncover that different financing strategies are employed during the design, implementation and maintenance phase of developing NBS projects. Additionally, we learn that the interplay between policy and financing becomes an important catalyst for investments in public NBS. We identified three approaches administrations use to secure (public) resources. During the design phase, support is developed within the administration and politically through (1) fostering internal collaboration by developing integrated spatial NBS designs. In the implementation phase resources are attracted by (2) putting the developed spatial designs to work and seizing available funding opportunities. During the maintenance phase (3) strategic partnerships are established with NBS beneficiaries to alleviate costs for municipalities. We conclude that, in the absence of more long-term forms of public financing, these approaches offer smaller cities tools to overcome the financial barrier.【摘要翻译】
随着气候变化继续影响城市，基于自然的解决方案(NBS)被提升为缓解这些负面影响的重要适应策略。如同欧洲其他地区一样，弗拉芒城市已经制定了适应政策和计划，强调了NBS的重要性。然而，NBS的实施进展缓慢。地方政府认为融资是一个重要障碍。尽管经常提出私人融资作为解决方案，但鲜有研究从公共融资的角度出发，以产生对此类问题的洞察和解决方案。在本文中，我们研究了四个弗拉芒城市如何为公共空间中实施的NBS提供资金，作为气候适应策略。基于多案例研究方法，我们的结果揭示了在NBS项目的设计、实施和维护阶段采用了不同的融资策略。此外，我们了解到政策与融资之间的相互作用成为公共NBS投资的重要催化剂。我们确定了政府使用的三种方法来确保（公共）资源。在设计阶段，通过（1）培养内部合作，开发集成的空间NBS设计，在行政和政治层面上发展支持。在实施阶段，通过（2）利用已开发的空间设计并抓住可用的资金机会，吸引资源。在维护阶段，（3）与NBS受益者建立战略伙伴关系，以减轻市政成本。我们得出结论，在缺乏更长期的公共融资形式的情况下，这些方法为小城市提供了克服财务障碍的工具。
【doi】
【作者信息】
Tara Op de Beeck
安特卫普大学，设计科学学院，Mutsaardstraat 31，2000 安特卫普，比利时
Chris den Heijer
安特卫普大学，设计科学学院，Mutsaardstraat 31，2000 安特卫普，比利时
Tom Coppens
安特卫普大学，设计科学学院，Mutsaardstraat 31，2000 安特卫普，比利时13
Urban spatial growth and driving mechanisms under different urban morphologies: An empirical analysis of 287 Chinese cities
城市空间增长及其在不同城市形态下的驱动机制：对287个中国城市的实证分析
【摘 要】
Different urban morphologies significantly influence urban spatial growth, yet existing studies seldom directly address this issue. To fill this gap, we develop a novel methodology to analyze the processes and intrinsic mechanisms of urban spatial growth under varying urban morphologies. This study initially identifies urban morphologies through multisource data fusion, then examines urban spatial growth processes based on Morphological Center Indices, and finally analyzes the mechanisms driving urban spatial growth across different urban morphologies. The results indicate, firstly, that among the newly defined six urban morphologies in China, monocentric–dispersed is predominant, with the polycentric urban morphology not developing as anticipated. Secondly, the process of urban spatial growth varies across different urban morphologies, with higher polycentricity correlating with more infilling development, leading to more intensive land use and less influence from the infilling growth model. Conversely, lower polycentricity results in more edge-expansion and spontaneous growth, causing more dispersed land use. Thirdly, the growth patterns and influencing factors differ among various urban morphologies, but overall, urban growth is driven by a complex interplay of multiple factors, which significantly intensifies when these factors interact. This study enriches the theoretical understanding of urban morphology and spatial growth, offering practical insights for differentiated urban development planning in urban spatial growth.
【摘要翻译】
不同的城市形态显著影响城市空间增长，然而现有研究很少直接解决这一问题。为填补这一空白，我们开发了一种新的方法论来分析在不同城市形态下城市空间增长的过程和内在机制。该研究首先通过多源数据融合识别城市形态，然后基于形态中心指数检查城市空间增长过程，最后分析不同城市形态下驱动城市空间增长的机制。结果表明，首先，在中国新定义的六种城市形态中，单中心-分散型占主导地位，多中心城市形态的发展并未如预期那样。其次，不同城市形态下的城市空间增长过程各不相同，较高的多中心性与更多的填充式开发相关，导致更集约的土地利用和来自填充式增长模型的影响减少。相反，较低的多中心性导致更多的边缘扩展和自发增长，引起更分散的土地利用。第三，不同城市形态之间的增长模式和影响因素不同，但总体而言，城市增长是由多个因素复杂相互作用驱动的，当这些因素相互作用时，其影响显著加剧。本研究丰富了对城市形态和空间增长的理论理解，为城市空间增长中的差异化城市发展规划提供了实际见解。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105096
【作者信息】
Xiong He
中山大学地理科学与规划学院，中国
Yuquan Zhou
南加州大学普莱斯公共政策学院，城市规划与空间分析系，洛杉矶，CA 90089，美国
14
Park lighting after dark – is it a route or a place? How people feel in park nightscapes (experiment)
公园夜间照明——是通道还是场所？公园夜景中人们的感受（实验）
【摘 要】
The objective of our study was to verify: (1) whether adding ambient lighting in addition to path lighting has a positive impact on preferences, sense of safety and related feelings experienced by park visitors after dusk (H1) and whether this impact is differentiated by the features of the space (H2); (2) what features of the park space may influence the feelings tested (RQ1).
For this purpose, we conducted an experiment in the Botanical Garden in Wrocław, where 114 study participants – randomly divided into two groups (experimental and control) – assessed nightscapes based on 13 variables (feelings). The experimental factor was the addition of ambient lighting (in addition to path lighting also present for the control group). The experiment was based on assessments made in three different places in the park – an open space, semi-open space and non-closed space. Thanks to this, we were able to check whether the features of the space differentiate the effects of the experimental factor and then consider their impact on people's feelings.
The research found that the impact of the experimental factor (ambient light) is not obvious – it was only apparent in some cases. This factor increased preference for corridor landscapes (semi-open and semi-closed space), but lowered preference in the open landscape. The experimental factor had the strongest effects in the semi-closed, least lit space, and enhanced preferences, surprise and fascination.
Moreover, comparison of the ratings of these three places showed that some spaces were rated as the safest while others were assessed as the most attractive. The safest turned out to be the semi-open space with typical park lighting, with the highest path illumination intensity, whereas the least safe was the semi-closed space with the least lighting. When it came to most of the other dimensions related to attractiveness and desire to stay in the area (mystery, contact with the surroundings, willingness to spend time there, surprise, fascination and contemplation), the place with an open view, visually attractive landscape and subtle linear point lighting was rated the highest. The remaining spaces were rated lower.
The findings of the experiment indicate that (1) adding light does not always increase preference for a particular space – sometimes it lowers it, thus indicating the benefits of darkness and natural night light in park landscapes; (2) there are differences between the features of safe nightscapes and attractive and leisurely landscapes.
【摘要翻译】
【作者信息】
Aleksandra Lis
Wrocław环境与生命科学大学，景观建筑系，波兰弗罗茨瓦夫
Magdalena Zienowicz
Wrocław环境与生命科学大学，景观建筑系，波兰弗罗茨瓦夫
Zygmunt Kącki
弗罗茨瓦夫大学，波兰
15
Impacts of irrigation scheduling on urban green space cooling
浇灌计划对城市绿地降温效果的影响
【摘 要】
The increasing heat stress in cities due to climate change and urbanisation can prevent people from using urban green spaces. Irrigating vegetation is a promising strategy to cool urban green spaces in summer. Irrigation scheduling, such as daytime vs night-time irrigation and the frequency of irrigation in a day, may influence the cooling benefit of irrigation. This study aimed to investigate whether irrigation scheduling can be optimised to increase the cooling benefit and determine how the cooling benefit changes with weather conditions. A field experiment with twelve identical turfgrass plots (three replicates × four irrigation treatments) was set up to measure the afternoon cooling benefits of irrigation. The four treatments included: no irrigation, single night-time irrigation (4 mm d–1), single daytime irrigation (4 mm d–1) and multiple daytime irrigation (4 x 1 mm d–1). The cooling benefit was defined as the air temperature difference measured at 1.1 m above the turfgrass between the irrigated and unirrigated treatments (air temperature sensor accuracy ± 0.2 °C). The afternoon (12:00–15:59) mean cooling benefit of multiple daytime irrigation (–0.9 °C) which was significantly stronger than that of single night-time irrigation (–0.6 °C) and single daytime irrigation (–0.5 °C). Regardless of irrigation scheduling, the afternoon mean cooling benefits of irrigation were greater for days when background air temperature, vapour pressure deficit and incoming shortwave radiation were greater. The findings suggested that irrigation scheduling can be optimised to increase the cooling benefit of urban green space irrigation without increasing overall water use.
【摘要翻译】
由于气候变化和城市化的影响，城市中的热应力增加可能会阻止人们使用城市绿地。在夏季，给植被浇水是一种可行的降温策略。浇灌计划，如白天与夜间浇灌以及每日浇灌频率，可能会影响浇灌的降温效果。本研究旨在探讨是否可以通过优化浇灌计划来增加降温效果，并确定降温效果随天气条件的变化。我们设置了一个实地实验，包括十二块相同的草坪地块（三次重复× 四种浇灌处理），以测量浇灌的午后降温效果。四种处理包括：不浇水，单次夜间浇灌（每天4毫米），单次白天浇灌（每天4毫米）和多次白天浇灌（每天4次，每次1毫米）。降温效果定义为在草坪上方1.1米处测量的灌溉与未灌溉处理之间的空气温度差（空气温度传感器的精度为±0.2°C）。多次白天浇灌的平均午后降温效果（-0.9°C）显著高于单次夜间浇灌（-0.6°C）和单次 白天浇灌（-0.5 °C）。此外，无论浇灌计划如何，当背景空气温度、水汽压差和入射短波辐射量较大时，浇灌的平均午后降温效果更佳。这些发现表明，可以优化浇灌计划，以增加城市绿地灌溉的降温效果，而不增加总体用水量。【doi】
【作者信息】
Pui Kwan Cheung 墨尔本大学，农业、食品与生态系统科学学院，Burnley校区，500 Yarra Boulevard, Richmond, VIC 3121，澳大利亚 Kerry A. Nice 墨尔本大学，建筑、建设与规划学院，交通健康与城市系统研究实验室，Parkville, VIC 3010，澳大利亚 Stephen J. Livesley 墨尔本大学，农业、食品与生态系统科学学院，Burnley校区，500 Yarra Boulevard, Richmond, VIC16
Association of urban green space with metabolic syndrome and the role of air pollution
城市绿地与代谢综合征的关联及空气污染的作用
【亮点】
Higher exposure to urban green space was associated with a lower prevalence of MetS.
We found associations between green space and all MetS components, especially obesity.
The effects of green space were stronger in males and young- and middle-aged populations.
Increasing green space in regions with higher air pollution may bring more benefits.
【亮点翻译】
在城市绿地的高度接触与较低的代谢综合症（MetS）患病率相关。
我们发现绿地与所有代谢综合症组分之间存在关联，尤其是肥胖。 绿地的效果在男性以及年轻和中年人群中更为显著。 在空气污染较高的地区增加绿地可能带来更多益处。【作者信息】
中国医学科学院北京协和医学院医学信息研究所，北京，中国
Yuanyuan Huang
中国医学科学院北京协和医学院医学信息研究所，北京，中国
Bo Wang
梅年健康研究所，北京，中国
Liming Li
北京大学公共卫生学院，流行病学与生物统计系，北京，中国
Hui Liu
中国医学科学院北京协和医学院医学信息研究所，北京，中国
17
Trends in the future evolution of rural settlements in oasis-desert areas under water use simulation scenarios: Take the Hexi Corridor region of China as an example
在水资源利用模拟情景下绿洲-沙漠地区农村聚落未来演变趋势研究：以中国河西走廊为例
【摘 要】
【摘要翻译】
由于土地与水资源不匹配导致的农村聚落无控制扩张已阻碍了绿洲-沙漠地区可持续农村发展的目标实现。本研究将“水资源-土地资源-绿洲农村聚落”整合到同一共生发展框架中，并预测了在水土资源约束背景下农村聚落的演变。我们使用耦合的“SD-SOS-FLUS”（系统动力学-适宜绿洲结构-未来土地使用模拟）模型，预测了中国河西走廊东北部在惯性发展水资源利用情景（ID）与可持续发展水资源利用情景（SD）下农村聚落大小及其空间分布的差异。此外，我们还探讨了不同水分配情景下绿洲圈结构和土地使用结构的差异。与单一模型相比，耦合模型“SD-SOS-FLUS”能更好地模拟“水资源-土地资源-绿洲农村聚落”的共生关系。通过预测，ID情景下用于生产的水分比例仍高达86.30%，而生态用水比例仅为11.50%，持续的水使用结构不平衡导致耕地和农村聚落面积增至7473.21平方公里和487.16平方公里。与2020年相比，分别增加了115.63平方公里和41.28平方公里，进而使绿洲区域向外扩张，绿洲半径R从2020年的53.65公里增至2030年的54.79公里。在SD情景下，水土资源限制下的耕地和农村聚落面积减少至5223.56平方公里和105.04平方公里。绿洲的收缩使过渡带圈宽度B2从2020年的19.88公里增至2030年的24.58公里，较ID情景增加了5公里。由于空间重组，农村聚落斑块数量从2020年的1.04 × 104减少至0.15 × 104，优化后节约了3.41 × 104公顷土地。
Wenbo Zhang
西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院，兰州 730070，中国
Libang Ma
西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院，兰州 730070，中国
Hongbo Li
南京师范大学地理科学学院，南京市栖霞区文苑路1号，210023，中国
Xiang Wang
西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院，兰州 730070，中国
18
Floral abundance and corolla length predict the importance of species in connecting urban green areas
花朵丰富度和花冠长度预测物种在连接城市绿地中的重要性
【摘 要】
【摘要翻译】
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105108
【作者信息】
Andréa Cardoso Araujo
马托格罗索联邦大学生物科学学院生态互作研究组，马托格罗索南部，坎普格兰德，巴西
Camila Silveira Souza
蒙特斯克拉罗斯州立大学应用植物学研究生课程，米纳斯吉拉斯州，蒙特斯克拉罗斯，巴西
VivAndréa Cardoso Araujo
马托格罗索联邦大学生物科学学院生态互作研究组，坎普格兰德，马托格罗索南部，巴西
Camila Silveia Souza
蒙特斯克拉罗斯州立大学应用植物学研究生课程，蒙特斯克拉罗斯，米纳斯吉拉斯州，巴西
Vivian Akemi Nakamura
马托格罗索联邦大学生物科学学院，生态学与保护研究生课程，坎普格兰德，马托格罗索南部，巴西
19
Integrating habitat risk and landscape resilience in forest protection and restoration planning for biodiversity conservation
将栖息地风险和景观恢复力整合到森林保护和恢复规划中，以促进生物多样性保护【摘 要】
【摘要翻译】
森林包含了地球上大部分的陆地生物多样性，一直以来都受到人类活动的重大威胁。改善生物多样性保护的成果需要采取积极有效的管理措施来应对日益增加的风险，而不仅仅是维持森林覆盖。然而，很少有研究探讨如何通过将风险信息纳入森林保护和恢复规划来空间上指导多样化的管理行动。在这里，我们提出了一个整合性框架，用于规划森林保护和恢复，该框架整合了景观恢复力和栖息地风险评估，旨在识别需要多样化管理措施的优先区域，包括积极保护（AP）、被动保护（PP）、积极恢复（AR）和被动恢复（PR）。这个框架包括三个关键步骤：i) 基于森林面积和功能连通性评估景观恢复力，ii) 使用InVEST模型评估栖息地风险，iii) 通过景观恢复力和栖息地风险之间的空间重叠分析来识别优先区域和相应的管理措施。以武汉市中心区域为案例研究，我们将其划分为3307个规划单元，称为焦点景观（FLs）。结果表明，AP区有636个FLs，PP区有498个FLs，AR区有508个FLs，PR区有13个FLs。这项研究展示了有效整合风险考虑因素可以如何增强规划过程和成果。这项研究还强调了通过制定差异化管理措施和全面规划保护与恢复，改善生物多样性保护成果和成本效益的潜力。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105111【作者信息】
Chuandong Tan
华中农业大学园艺与林学学院园林建筑系，武汉 430070，中国
Bo Xu
华中农业大学园艺与林学学院园林建筑系，武汉 430070，中国
Ge Hong
华中农业大学园艺与林学学院园林建筑系，武汉 430070，中国
Xuefei Wu
湖北省武汉市洪山区狮子山街1号景园大厦，430070，中国
20
Managing urban trees through storms in three United States cities通过风暴管理美国三个城市的城市树木
【摘 要】
The benefits and functions of urban trees are well-studied, and stewardship groups, non-governmental organizations, tree professionals, and municipal leaders aim to increase canopy cover and expand planting programs. However, urban trees also present variable risks to human safety and infrastructure based on tree species, size, age, health, and maintenance history. Furthermore, changing global climate conditions and increased storm frequency and intensity make it imperative for urban forestry professionals to mitigate risk and collaborate with stakeholders. In this qualitative study, we provide insights about urban forestry professionals’ (1) perceptions related to risk, management, and storm impacts, (2) preparation for and response to storms, (3) perceptions about community vulnerability and working with the public, and (4) perceptions about collaboration and conflict during storm management. Seventeen semi-structured interviews were conducted with urban tree professionals working with municipalities, managers of non-profit or volunteer-based groups, utility managers, and emergency managers from three cities in the United States: Jacksonville, Philadelphia, and Minneapolis. Across these cities, managers described direct and indirect ways that storms influenced tree planting, species selection, and removals while acknowledging aging infrastructure, limited resources, and multi-stakeholder coordination as recurring challenges. Results show that socio-demographic factors, neighborhood characteristics, historical legacies, and urban tree and canopy conditions increased perceived risk from trees during storms. Overall, participants agreed that collaboration across organizations and scales of management contributed positively to tree management in the context of storm events and the need for more collaboration among managers and with the public on storm preparation activities.
城市树木的好处和功能已经得到了广泛研究，管理团体、非政府组织、树木专业人员和市政领导者旨在增加树冠覆盖率并扩大种植计划。然而，城市树木也根据树种、大小、年龄、健康状况和维护历史对人类安全和基础设施带来不同的风险。此外，全球气候变化条件的变化以及风暴的频率和强度的增加，使得城市林业专业人员有必要减轻风险并与利益相关者合作。在这项定性研究中，我们提供了城市林业专业人员的见解，包括：（1）与风险、管理和风暴影响相关的看法；（2）对风暴的准备和响应；（3）关于社区脆弱性和与公众合作的看法；以及（4）在风暴管理期间合作与冲突的看法。在美国的三个城市——杰克逊维尔、费城和明尼阿波利斯，进行了17次半结构化访谈，受访者包括与市政机构合作的城市树木专业人员、非营利或志愿者基础团体的管理者、公用事业管理者和紧急管理者。在这些城市中，管理者描述了风暴对树木种植、物种选择和移除的直接和间接影响，同时承认老化的基础设施、资源有限和多方利益相关者协调是反复出现的挑战。结果显示，社会人口因素、邻里特征、历史遗留问题以及城市树木和树冠状况增加了风暴期间树木带来的感知风险。总的来说，参与者一致认为，跨组织和管理层面的合作对风暴事件背景下的树木管理产生了积极影响，并且需要在风暴准备活动中增加管理者之间以及与公众之间的合作。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105102
Stephanie Cadaval
佛罗里达大学森林、渔业和地理科学学院, PO Box 110410, 盖恩斯维尔, FL 32611, 阿拉楚阿, 美国
Mysha Clarke
佛罗里达大学森林、渔业和地理科学学院, 美国
Lara A. Roman
美国农业部森林服务局太平洋西南研究站 & 北部研究站, 美国
21
The socio-spatial response to environmentally mitigated channelization in Southeast Asia. A longitudinal landscape pattern analysis 东南亚环境缓解渠道化的社会空间响应：一项纵向景观模式分析
【摘 要】
Rural-to-urban transformation in Southeast Asia must be discussed as a vicious cycle of hydrologic alteration, environmental degradation, and destructive land use changes that collectively jeopardize millions of lives. Particularly, top-down flood control schemes have been linked to significant degradation of the socioeconomic and biophysical features of rural landscapes and increasingly faster agricultural decline and environmental degradation.
In recent years, growing awareness has focused on ecosystem fragility and the need for a water-sensitive approach in planning. Water management and stream renaturation are expanding and rapidly developing disciplines that have produced radical advancements in ecological, geomorphological, and hydrologic areas. Despite such progress, however, these disciplines have failed to offer major advancements in socially related fields. A paucity of scientific research exists on the association between hydrologic alteration and the transformation of the landscape—which is a socially constructed phenomenon. As a result, the socio-cultural response to the morphological transformations of water regimes in peri-urban and desakota areas remains under-investigated.
The current study questions whether a specific morphological transformation of water streams, namely channelization cum environmental mitigation, can catalyze socio-cultural reactions and thus shape peculiar land use patterns. To examine that impact, we conducted a study on the Sheung Yue River in the New Territories of Hong Kong. Longitudinal data on the morphological change of the landscape at the catchment level from 1994 to 2022 were interpreted from aerial photographs and high-resolution satellite imagery, controlling for external factors. Alongside that data, 20 semi-structured interviews with local farmers provided in-depth knowledge of societal responses to the landscape mutation. Eleven interviews with knowledgeable informants also enhanced the understanding of river management and agricultural conservation. The overall findings revealed that integrating environmental mitigation strategies in channelization can moderate the negative impacts of the engineering-driven fluvial morphological transformation. Based on these findings, the study stresses the significance of socio-environmental responsive river management and integrated urban planning strategies for policymaking in Southeast Asia.【摘要翻译】
东南亚的农村向城市转变必须被视为水文变化、环境退化和破坏性土地利用变化的恶性循环，这些因素共同威胁着数百万人的生命。特别是，自上而下的洪水控制计划已被证实与农村景观的社会经济和生物物理特征的显著退化以及农业衰退和环境退化的加速有关。
近年来，对生态系统脆弱性和规划中需要水敏感方法的认识日益增强。水资源管理和河流自然恢复是正在扩展和迅速发展的学科，它们在生态、地貌和水文领域取得了根本性进展。尽管取得了这些进展，但这些学科未能在社会相关领域取得重大进展。关于水文变化与景观转变之间的关系——这是一种社会构建的现象——的科学研究仍然匮乏。因此，对近郊和desakota区域水体制度形态变化的社会文化响应尚未得到充分研究。
本研究探讨了特定的水流形态变化，即渠道化和环境缓解，是否能够催化社会文化反应，从而形成特殊的土地使用模式。为了检验这一影响，我们在香港新界的上游河进行了研究。从1994年到2022年，通过解析航空照片和高分辨率卫星图像，控制外部因素，获取了流域层面景观形态变化的纵向数据。与此数据同时，20次半结构化的当地农民访谈提供了对景观变异的社会响应的深入了解。还有11次与知识渊博的信息提供者的访谈增强了对河流管理和农业保护的理解。总体发现表明，将环境缓解策略整合到渠道化中可以减轻工程驱动的河流形态变化的负面影响。基于这些发现，研究强调了东南亚政策制定中社会环境响应型河流管理和综合城市规划策略的重要性。
【doi】
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105107【作者信息】
Xuewen Lu 香港城市大学建筑与土木工程系，中国香港 Gianni Talamini 香港九龙达之路83号，香港城市大学建筑与土木工程系，中国香港22
Exploring the implementation of rewilding in a British local authority: Overcoming challenges and maximising opportunities for landscape-scale management
探索在英国地方政府中实施野化：克服挑战并最大化景观规模管理的机会Rewilding is increasingly viewed as a process-driven approach to land management that offers an alternative to traditional nature conservation, supports nature recovery, and responds to climate change. However, implementing rewilding in British local authorities can be challenging. This qualitative study explores the challenges and opportunities of implementing rewilding in a British local authority setting, focusing on a local authority in Hampshire. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with professional officers and councillors who influence land management in the council, to understand their understanding of rewilding and the opportunities and barriers to implementing it.
The study found that the local authority favored rewilding as an option for land management. However, there was a need to develop greater consistency in definition and research-based understanding. The study presents a framework outlining how rewilding could contribute to the delivery of ecosystem services, including combating climate change, positive carbon sequestration, connecting spaces, and increasing the functional and biological quality of land through the adoption of twelve key principles. The research outcomes provide insights into how rewilding could be embraced by other local authorities and offer recommendations for further research at a policy and practice level, with a focus on site-based interpretation.
【作者信息】
23
Mapping the climate risk to urban forests at city scale
在城市尺度上绘制城市森林的气候风险【摘 要】
Climate change represents a threat to the performance and persistence of urban forests and the multiple benefits they provide to city dwellers. Here, we use a novel approach to identify species and areas at high risk of climate change using the city of Melbourne, Australia, as a case study. We derive a safety margin, calculated based on climatic tolerance to two extreme climate variables (maximum temperature of the warmest month, MTWM; precipitation of the driest quarter, PDQ), for 474 tree species recorded in Melbourne for baseline (average for 2011–2020) and future (2041–2070) climatic conditions. For MTWM, 218 species (46%) are exceeding baseline climatic safety margins; this number is predicted to increase to 322 species (68%) by 2055 under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway 5–8.5. For PDQ, 255 and 257 species (54%) are identified as at risk for baseline and future climates, respectively. Using georeferenced locations of trees and high-resolution climate data, we map spatial patterns in climate risk, showing high risk areas across the city. We demonstrate how using urban tree inventories and climate risk metrics can aid in the identification of vulnerable species and locations at high climate risk to prioritise areas for monitoring and assist urban planning.
气候变化对城市森林的表现和持续性以及它们为城市居民提供的多重益处构成威胁。在这里，我们使用一种新颖的方法，以澳大利亚墨尔本市为案例研究，识别因气候变化而面临高风险的物种和区域。我们推导出一个安全边际，该边际基于对两个极端气候变量（最热月份的最高温度，MTWM；最干季节的降水量，PDQ）的气候容忍度计算，针对记录在墨尔本的474种树木种类在基线（2011-2020年平均）和未来（2041-2070年）的气候条件下进行。对于MTWM，218种（46%）的物种超出了基线气候安全边际；预计到2055年，在共享社会经济路径5-8.5下，这一数字将增加到322种（68%）。对于PDQ，分别有255种和257种（54%）的物种在基线和未来气候中被识别为风险物种。使用树木的地理参考位置和高分辨率气候数据，我们绘制了气候风险的空间模式，显示了城市中的高风险区域。我们展示了如何利用城市树木清单和气候风险指标来帮助识别易受气候风险影响的物种和地点，以优先考虑监测区域并协助城市规划。
【doi】
【作者信息】
Manuel Esperon-Rodriguez
西悉尼大学霍克斯伯里环境研究所，新南威尔士州潘里斯，邮政信箱1797，2751，澳大利亚
西悉尼大学科学学院，新南威尔士州潘里斯，邮政信箱1797，2751，澳大利亚
Rachael V. Gallagher
西悉尼大学霍克斯伯里环境研究所，新南威尔士州潘里斯，邮政信箱1797，2751，澳大利亚
Niels Souverijns
佛兰德斯技术研究所（VITO），比利时莫尔，邮编2400
35
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