AndroidTraining学习------ShareFiles

通过对Google官方的Android Training课程的学习，自己实现的一个小例子，在此分享，谢谢指正。

这个小例子通过使用FileProvider实现文件的跨应用共享，分为服务端APP和客户端APP，以下将进行分别描述。

服务端

• 指定FileProvider
  在manifest.xml文件中通过<provider>标签来指定FileProvider

<provider
            android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider"
            android:authorities="com.example.sharefile.FileSelectActivity"
            android:exported="false"
            android:grantUriPermissions="true">
            <meta-data
                android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
                android:resource="@xml/file_paths" />
        </provider>

• 指定共享的目录
  在res/xml/file_paths.xml中定义FileProvider分享的文件目录

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <paths>
        <files-path path="images/" name="myimages" />
    </paths>
</resources>

<paths>可以有多个子标签：
* files-path：分享内部存储中的目录，和Context.getFilesDir()获取的目录相同
* cache-path：分享内部存储中的cache子目录，和getCacheDir()获取的目录相同
* external-path：分享外部存储根目录中的文件，和Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()获取的目录相同
* external-files-path：获取外部存储中的app区域，Context#getExternalFilesDir(String) Context.getExternalFilesDir(null)方法可获取相同的目录
- 创建一个文件选择的Activity
在服务端APP上创建一个用于在其他APP请求文件时提供文件选择功能的Activity
- 在manifest.xml文件中定义相应action和category使Activity能够相应文件请求

<activity
            android:name=".FileSelectActivity"
            android:label="File Selector">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.PICK" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.OPENABLE" />

                <data android:mimeType="text/plain" />
                <data android:mimeType="image/*" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

- 创建FileSelectActivity
    * 初始化Activity

//内部文件数组
    private File[] mIntFiles;
    private String[] mIntFilenames;
    //文件列表
    private ListView mFileList;
    //adapter
    private ArrayAdapter<String> adapter;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.select_files);
        init();
        setResult(Activity.RESULT_CANCELED, null);
    }
    private void init() {
        mFileList = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.file_list);
        //加载文件到数组
        loadFiles();
        adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, mIntFilenames);
        mFileList.setAdapter(adapter);
        mFileList.setOnItemClickListener(this);
    }
    /*扫描两个files目录的文件，到数组中*/
    private void loadFiles() {
        String sharedFileDir = "images";
        File intFileDir = new File(getFilesDir(), sharedFileDir);

        mIntFiles = intFileDir.listFiles();
        mIntFilenames = intFileDir.list();
    }

    * 处理请求的点击事件
    ```java
    /*当条目被点击时，设置setResult，将选择的结果返回给调用此activity的activity*/
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
    File requestFile = mIntFiles[position];
    Uri fileUri;
    String authority = "com.example.guotao.sharefile.FileSelectActivity";

    try {
        fileUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(this, authority, requestFile);

        Intent resultIntent = new Intent("com.example.guotao.sharefile.ACTION_RETURN_FILE");
        if (fileUri != null) {
            resultIntent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_PERSISTABLE_URI_PERMISSION);
            resultIntent.setDataAndType(fileUri, getContentResolver().getType(fileUri));
            setResult(RESULT_OK, resultIntent);
            finish();
        } else {
            resultIntent.setDataAndType(null, "");
            setResult(RESULT_CANCELED, resultIntent);
            finish();
        }
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

1. 通过FileProvider.getUriForFile()方法来获取文件的内容URI
```java
fileUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(this, authority, requestFile);




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1. 授予其他应用对文件的临时访问权限

resultIntent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_PERSISTABLE_URI_PERMISSION);




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客户端

客户端主要是向服务端发送文件请求和处理服务端返回的文件

• 发送文件请求

private Intent mRequestIntent;
//    private ParcelFileDescriptor mInputFDP;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        mRequestIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK);
        mRequestIntent.setType("image/jpg");

        final Button request_file = (Button) findViewById(R.id.request_file);
        request_file.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                requestFile();
            }
        });
    }

    protected void requestFile() {
        startActivityForResult(mRequestIntent, 0);
    }




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• 处理返回的文件，需要重写onActivityResult()方法

@Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        if (resultCode != RESULT_OK) {
            return;
        } else {
            //Get the file's content uri from incoming intent
            Uri returnUri = data.getData();
            Cursor returnCursor = getContentResolver().query(returnUri, null, null, null, null);

            int nameIndex = returnCursor.getColumnIndex(OpenableColumns.DISPLAY_NAME);
            int sizeIndex = returnCursor.getColumnIndex(OpenableColumns.SIZE);
            returnCursor.moveToFirst();
            TextView nameView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.file_name);
            TextView sizeView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.file_size);
            nameView.setText(returnCursor.getString(nameIndex));
            sizeView.setText(Long.toString(returnCursor.getLong(sizeIndex)));
        }
    }

源码下载

* 处理返回的文件，需要重写onActivityResult()方法
```java
@Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        if (resultCode != RESULT_OK) {
            return;
        } else {
            //Get the file's content uri from incoming intent
            Uri returnUri = data.getData();
            Cursor returnCursor = getContentResolver().query(returnUri, null, null, null, null);

            int nameIndex = returnCursor.getColumnIndex(OpenableColumns.DISPLAY_NAME);
            int sizeIndex = returnCursor.getColumnIndex(OpenableColumns.SIZE);
            returnCursor.moveToFirst();
            TextView nameView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.file_name);
            TextView sizeView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.file_size);
            nameView.setText(returnCursor.getString(nameIndex));
            sizeView.setText(Long.toString(returnCursor.getLong(sizeIndex)));
        }
    }

源码下载