服务数据的定义与使用

一、服务模型

二、自定义服务数据

1.创建Person.srv文件

string name
uint8  age
uint8  sex

uint8 unknown = 0
uint8 male    = 1
uint8 female  = 2

---
string result

2.在package.xml中添加功能包依赖

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<package format="2">
  <name>learning_service</name>
  <version>0.0.0</version>
  <description>The learning_service package</description>

  <!-- One maintainer tag required, multiple allowed, one person per tag -->
  <!-- Example:  -->
  <!-- <maintainer email="jane.doe@example.com">Jane Doe</maintainer> -->
  <maintainer email="hcx@todo.todo">hcx</maintainer>


  <!-- One license tag required, multiple allowed, one license per tag -->
  <!-- Commonly used license strings: -->
  <!--   BSD, MIT, Boost Software License, GPLv2, GPLv3, LGPLv2.1, LGPLv3 -->
  <license>TODO</license>


  <!-- Url tags are optional, but multiple are allowed, one per tag -->
  <!-- Optional attribute type can be: website, bugtracker, or repository -->
  <!-- Example: -->
  <!-- <url type="website">http://wiki.ros.org/learning_service</url> -->


  <!-- Author tags are optional, multiple are allowed, one per tag -->
  <!-- Authors do not have to be maintainers, but could be -->
  <!-- Example: -->
  <!-- <author email="jane.doe@example.com">Jane Doe</author> -->


  <!-- The *depend tags are used to specify dependencies -->
  <!-- Dependencies can be catkin packages or system dependencies -->
  <!-- Examples: -->
  <!-- Use depend as a shortcut for packages that are both build and exec dependencies -->
  <!--   <depend>roscpp</depend> -->
  <!--   Note that this is equivalent to the following: -->
  <!--   <build_depend>roscpp</build_depend> -->
  <!--   <exec_depend>roscpp</exec_depend> -->
  <!-- Use build_depend for packages you need at compile time: -->
  <!--   <build_depend>message_generation</build_depend> -->
  <!-- Use build_export_depend for packages you need in order to build against this package: -->
  <!--   <build_export_depend>message_generation</build_export_depend> -->
  <!-- Use buildtool_depend for build tool packages: -->
  <!--   <buildtool_depend>catkin</buildtool_depend> -->
  <!-- Use exec_depend for packages you need at runtime: -->
  <!--   <exec_depend>message_runtime</exec_depend> -->
  <!-- Use test_depend for packages you need only for testing: -->
  <!--   <test_depend>gtest</test_depend> -->
  <!-- Use doc_depend for packages you need only for building documentation: -->
  <!--   <doc_depend>doxygen</doc_depend> -->
  <buildtool_depend>catkin</buildtool_depend>
  <build_depend>geometry_msgs</build_depend>
  <build_depend>roscpp</build_depend>
  <build_depend>rospy</build_depend>
  <build_depend>std_msgs</build_depend>
  <build_depend>turtlesim</build_depend>
  <build_export_depend>geometry_msgs</build_export_depend>
  <build_export_depend>roscpp</build_export_depend>
  <build_export_depend>rospy</build_export_depend>
  <build_export_depend>std_msgs</build_export_depend>
  <build_export_depend>turtlesim</build_export_depend>
  <exec_depend>geometry_msgs</exec_depend>
  <exec_depend>roscpp</exec_depend>
  <exec_depend>rospy</exec_depend>
  <exec_depend>std_msgs</exec_depend>
  <exec_depend>turtlesim</exec_depend>

  <build_depend>message_generation</build_depend>
  <exec_depend>message_runtime</exec_depend>

  <!-- The export tag contains other, unspecified, tags -->
  <export>
    <!-- Other tools can request additional information be placed here -->

  </export>
</package>

3.在CMakeList.txt添加编译选项

find_package(catkin REQUIRED COMPONENTS
  geometry_msgs
  roscpp
  rospy
  std_msgs
  turtlesim
  message_generation
)

add_service_files(
  FILES
  Person.srv
)

generate_messages(
  DEPENDENCIES
  std_msgs
)

CATKIN_DEPENDS geometry_msgs roscpp rospy std_msgs turtlesim message_runtime

4.编译文件

cd ~/catkin_ws/src
catkin_make
source devel/setup.bash

三、创建服务器代码

/**
 * 该例程将请求/show_person服务，服务数据类型learning_service::Person
 */

#include <ros/ros.h>
#include "learning_service/Person.h"

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
    // 初始化ROS节点
	ros::init(argc, argv, "person_client");

    // 创建节点句柄
	ros::NodeHandle node;

    // 发现/spawn服务后，创建一个服务客户端，连接名为/spawn的service
	ros::service::waitForService("/show_person");
	ros::ServiceClient person_client = node.serviceClient<learning_service::Person>("/show_person");

    // 初始化learning_service::Person的请求数据
	learning_service::Person srv;
	srv.request.name = "Tom";
	srv.request.age  = 20;
	srv.request.sex  = learning_service::Person::Request::male;

    // 请求服务调用
	ROS_INFO("Call service to show person[name:%s, age:%d, sex:%d]", 
			 srv.request.name.c_str(), srv.request.age, srv.request.sex);

	person_client.call(srv);

	// 显示服务调用结果
	ROS_INFO("Show person result : %s", srv.response.result.c_str());

	return 0;
};

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# 该例程将请求/show_person服务，服务数据类型learning_service::Person

import sys
import rospy
from learning_service.srv import Person, PersonRequest

def person_client():
	# ROS节点初始化
    rospy.init_node('person_client')

	# 发现/spawn服务后，创建一个服务客户端，连接名为/spawn的service
    rospy.wait_for_service('/show_person')
    try:
        person_client = rospy.ServiceProxy('/show_person', Person)

		# 请求服务调用，输入请求数据
        response = person_client("Tom", 20, PersonRequest.male)
        return response.result
    except rospy.ServiceException, e:
        print "Service call failed: %s"%e

if __name__ == "__main__":
	#服务调用并显示调用结果
    print "Show person result : %s" %(person_client())

如何实现一个服务器？

• 初始化ROS节点
• 创建Server实例
• 循环等待服务请求，进入回调函数
• 在回调函数中完成服务功能处理

四、创建客户端代码

/**
 * 该例程将执行/show_person服务，服务数据类型learning_service::Person
 */
 
#include <ros/ros.h>
#include "learning_service/Person.h"

// service回调函数，输入参数req，输出参数res
bool personCallback(learning_service::Person::Request  &req,
         			learning_service::Person::Response &res)
{
    // 显示请求数据
    ROS_INFO("Person: name:%s  age:%d  sex:%d", req.name.c_str(), req.age, req.sex);

	// 设置反馈数据
	res.result = "OK";

    return true;
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    // ROS节点初始化
    ros::init(argc, argv, "person_server");

    // 创建节点句柄
    ros::NodeHandle n;

    // 创建一个名为/show_person的server，注册回调函数personCallback
    ros::ServiceServer person_service = n.advertiseService("/show_person", personCallback);

    // 循环等待回调函数
    ROS_INFO("Ready to show person informtion.");
    ros::spin();

    return 0;
}

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# 该例程将执行/show_person服务，服务数据类型learning_service::Person

import rospy
from learning_service.srv import Person, PersonResponse

def personCallback(req):
	# 显示请求数据
    rospy.loginfo("Person: name:%s  age:%d  sex:%d", req.name, req.age, req.sex)

	# 反馈数据
    return PersonResponse("OK")

def person_server():
	# ROS节点初始化
    rospy.init_node('person_server')

	# 创建一个名为/show_person的server，注册回调函数personCallback
    s = rospy.Service('/show_person', Person, personCallback)

	# 循环等待回调函数
    print "Ready to show person informtion."
    rospy.spin()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    person_server()

如何实现一个客户端

• 初始化ROS节点
• 创建一个Client实例
• 发布服务请求数据
• 等待Server处理之后的应答结束

五、配置服务器/客户端代码编译规则

add_executable(person_server src/person_server.cpp)
target_link_libraries(person_server ${catkin_LIBRARIES})
add_dependencies(person_server ${PROJECT_NAME}_gencpp)

add_executable(person_client src/person_client.cpp)
target_link_libraries(person_client ${catkin_LIBRARIES})
add_dependencies(person_client ${PROJECT_NAME}_gencpp)

如何配置CMakeLists.txt中的编译规则

• 设置需要编译的代码和生成的可执行文件
• 设置链接库

六、编译并运行客户端和服务端

cd ~/catkin_ws
catkin_make
source devel/setup.bash
roscore
rosrun learning_service person_server
rosrun learning_service person_client