一、实验拓扑
二、实验要求
1、R4为ISP,其上只配置IP地址;R4与其他所直连设备间均使用公有IP;
2、R3-R5、R6、R7为MGRE环境,R3为中心站点;
3、整个OSPF环境IP基于172.16.0.0/16划分;除了R12有两个环回,其他路由器均有一个环回IP
4、所有设备均可访问R4的环回;
5、减少LSA的更新量,加快收敛,保障更新安全;
6、全网可达;
三、实验思路
1.先划分172.16.0.0/16IP地址
2.再配置IP地址
3.公网通(缺省路由)
4.配置OSPF,RIP,路由引入RIP
5.配置MGRE,R3为中心站点,ospf宣告隧道
6.修改接口类型,取消选举
7.多进程重发布area4
8.配置easyIP
9.路由聚合(优化骨干),R3,5,6,7传入区域聚合,R9(进程1),12(ospf协议视图)ASBR聚合。设置特殊区域(优化非骨干区域),area1完全末梢,area3,area2完全非纯末梢,会自动下发缺省(能够访问R4环回)
加快收敛,修改Hello时间
ospf timer hello 5
保证更新安全,区域认证
四、实验步骤
R1:
[R1]int g 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.33.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.34.1 24
R2:
[R2]int g 0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.33.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.35.2 24
R3:
[R3]int g 0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.33.3 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.36.3 24
[R3-LoopBack0]int s 4/0/0
[R3-Serial4/0/0]ip address 34.0.0.3 24
R4:
[R4]int s 4/0/0
[R4-Serial4/0/0]ip address 34.0.0.4 24
[R4-Serial4/0/0]int s 3/0/1
[R4-Serial3/0/1]ip address 45.0.0.4 24
[R4-Serial3/0/1]int s 3/0/0
[R4-Serial3/0/0]ip address 46.0.0.4 24
[R4-Serial3/0/0]int g 0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 47.0.0.4 24
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.2.4 24
R5:
[R5]int s 4/0/0
[R5-Serial4/0/0]ip address 45.0.0.5 24
[R5-Serial4/0/0]int l0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.3.5 24
R6:
[R6]int s 4/0/0
[R6-Serial4/0/0]ip address 46.0.0.6 24
[R6-Serial4/0/0]int l0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.4.6 24
[R6-LoopBack0]int g 0/0/0
[R6]int g 0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.65.1 30
R7:
[R7]int g 0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 47.0.0.7 24
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R7-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.5.7 24
[R7-LoopBack0]int g 0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.97.1 30
R8:
[R8]int g 0/0/0
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.97.2 30
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.97.5 30
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R8-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.98.8 24
R9:
[R9]int g 0/0/0
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.97.6 30
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.129.1 30
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R9-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.130.9 24
R10:
[R10]int g 0/0/0
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.129.2 30
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R10-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.131.10 24
R11:
[R11]int g 0/0/0
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.65.2 30
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.65.5 30
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R11-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.66.11 24
R12:
[R12]int g 0/0/0
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.65.6 30
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l 0
[R12-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.160.12 24
[R12-LoopBack0]int l 1
[R12-LoopBack1]ip address 172.16.161.12 24
(3)公网通(缺省路由)
R3:
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.0.0.4
R5:
[R5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.0.0.4
R6:
[R6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 46.0.0.4
R7:
[R7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 47.0.0.4
配置OSPF,RIP,路由引入RIP
R1:
[R1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[R1-ospf-1]area 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.33.1 0.0.0.0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.34.1 0.0.0.0
R2:
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]area 1
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.33.2 0.0.0.0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.35.2 0.0.0.0
R3:
[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.33.3 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.168.36.3 0.0.0.0
R5:
[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-ospf-1]area 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.3.5 0.0.0.0
R6:
[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]area 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.4.6 0.0.0.0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.1 0.0.0.0
R7:
[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-ospf-1]area 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.97.1 0.0.0.0
[R7-ospf-1]area 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.1 0.0.0.0
R8:
[R8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8
[R8-ospf-1]area 3
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.2 0.0.0.0
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.5 0.0.0.0
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.98.8 0.0.0.0
R9:(区域四在进程2)
[R9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9
[R9-ospf-1]area 3
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.6 0.0.0.0
[R9]ospf 2 router-id 9.9.9.9
[R9-ospf-2]area 4
[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]net 172.16.129.1 0.0.0.0
[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]net 172.16.130.9 0.0.0.0
R10:(进程2)
[R10]ospf 2 router-id 10.10.10.10
[R10-ospf-2]area 4
[R10-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]net 172.16.129.2 0.0.0.0
[R10-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]net 172.16.131.10 0.0.0.0
R11:
[R11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11
[R11-ospf-1]area 2
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.2 0.0.0.0
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.5 0.0.0.0
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.66.11 0.0.0.0
R12:
[OSPF]:
[R12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
[R12-ospf-1]
[R12-ospf-1]area 2
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.6 0.0.0.0
[RIP]:
[R12]rip 1
[R12-rip-1]version 2
[R12-rip-1]undo summary
[R12-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0
[R12-ospf-1]import-route rip 1
查看R6是否获取到RIP的路由:
配置MGRE,R3为中心站点,ospf宣告隧道
R3:
[R3]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.6.3 24
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.6.3 0.0.0.0
R5:
[R5]int t 0/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.6.5 24
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3 register
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.6.5 0.0.0.0
R6:
[R6]int t 0/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.6.6 24
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3 register
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.6.6 0.0.0.0
R7:
[R7]int t 0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.6.7 24
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]source g 0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3 register
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.6.7 0.0.0.0
测试:R5pingR6、R7隧道地址
修改接口类型,取消选举
R3:
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
R5:
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
R6:
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
R7:
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
多进程重发布area4
R9:
[R9-ospf-2]import-route ospf 1
[R9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2
测试:查看R8的lsdb数据库表
配置easyIP
R3:
[R3]acl 2000
[R3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R3]int s 4/0/0
[R3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
R5:
[R5]acl 2000
[R5-acl-basic-2000]rule 5 permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R5-acl-basic-2000]q
[R5]int s 4/0/0
[R5-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
R6:
[R6]acl 2000
[R6-acl-basic-2000]rule 5 permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R6]int s 4/0/0
[R6-Serial4/0/0]nat out 2000
R7:
[R7]acl 2000
[R7-acl-basic-2000]rule 5 permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R7-acl-basic-2000]int g 0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000
路由聚合(优化骨干),R3,5,6,7传入区域聚合,R9(进程1),12(ospf协议视图)ASBR聚合
1.ABR聚合:
R3:
[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0
R6:
[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]area 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0
R7:
[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-ospf-1]area 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0
2.ASBR聚合
R9:
[R9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9
[R9-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0
R12:
[R12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
[R12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.160.0 255.255.224.0
设置特殊区域(优化非骨干区域),area1完全末梢,area3,area2完全非纯末梢,会自动下发缺省(就能够访问R4环回)
Area 1:
R1:
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
R2:
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
R3:
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
Area 2:
R6:
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
R11:
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
R12:
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nss no-summary
Area 3:
R7:
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
R8:
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
R9:
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
查看R2路由表:
R2pingR4环回:
此时ping不同R10,需在R10上配一条缺省指向R9,方可全网通
[R10]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 172.16.129.1
(10)加快收敛,修改Hello时间
接口模式下ospf timer hello 8
R1:
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 8
R2:
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 8
R3:
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 8
R5:
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 8
R6:
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 8
R7:
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 8
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 8
R8:
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 8
R9:
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 8
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 8
R10:
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 8
R11:
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 8
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 8
R12:
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 8
查看R3的邻居表:
(11)保证更新安全,这里采用区域认证
R1:
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1nnk 123
R2:
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1nnk 123
R3:
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1nnk 123
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1nnk 123
R5:
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] authentication-mode md5 1nnk 123
R6:
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1nnk 123
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 1nnk 123
R7:
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1nnk 123
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 1nnk 123
R8:
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 1nnk 123
R9:
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 1nnk 123
[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]authentication-mode md5 1nnk 123
R10:
[R10-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]authentication-mode md5 1nnk 123
R11:
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 1nnk 123
R12:
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 1nnk 123