题目
lim n → ∞ n ∫ 0 1 x n 1 + x d x \mathop {\lim }\limits_{n \to \infty } n\int_0^1 {{{{x^n}} \over {1 + x}}dx} n→∞limn∫011+xxndx
来源
证明
lim
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\mathop {\lim }\limits_{n \to \infty } n\int_0^1 {{{{x^n}} \over {1 + x}}dx} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{n \to \infty } {n \over {n + 1}}\int_0^1 {{1 \over {1 + x}}d{x^{n + 1}}} = {1 \over 2} + \mathop {\lim }\limits_{n \to \infty } \int_0^1 {{{{x^{n + 1}}} \over {{{\left( {1 + x} \right)}^2}}}dx}
n→∞limn∫011+xxndx=n→∞limn+1n∫011+x1dxn+1=21+n→∞lim∫01(1+x)2xn+1dx
法一:
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0 < \int_0^1 {{{{x^{n + 1}}} \over {{{\left( {1 + x} \right)}^2}}}dx} < \int_0^1 {{x^{n + 1}}dx}
0<∫01(1+x)2xn+1dx<∫01xn+1dx且
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\mathop {\lim }\limits_{n \to \infty } \int_0^1 {{x^{n + 1}}dx} = 0
n→∞lim∫01xn+1dx=0
根据夹逼定理可知
lim
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\mathop {\lim }\limits_{n \to \infty } \int_0^1 {{{{x^{n + 1}}} \over {{{\left( {1 + x} \right)}^2}}}dx}=0.
n→∞lim∫01(1+x)2xn+1dx=0.则
lim
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\mathop {\lim }\limits_{n \to \infty } n\int_0^1 {{{{x^n}} \over {1 + x}}dx} = {1 \over 2}
n→∞limn∫011+xxndx=21
法二:根据积分中值定理可知
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\mathop {\lim }\limits_{n \to \infty } \int_0^1 {{{{x^{n + 1}}} \over {{{\left( {1 + x} \right)}^2}}}dx} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{n \to \infty } {1 \over {{{\left( {1 + \xi } \right)}^2}}}\int_0^1 {{x^{n + 1}}dx} = 0
n→∞lim∫01(1+x)2xn+1dx=n→∞lim(1+ξ)21∫01xn+1dx=0其中
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\xi
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