Rust获取Vec中长度最短的字符串或最小数值（返回元素）

Rust获取数组中长度最短的字符串或最小数值

题目0：给定一个数组[T; n],求最小值，其中T为i32类型

fn get_min(vals: &[i32]) -> Option<&i32> {
    vals.iter().min_by_key(|x| x.abs())
}

fn main() {
    let a: [i32; 5] = [-3_i32, 0, 1, 5, -10];
    
    println!("min: {:?}", a.iter().min());
    println!("min value: {:?}", *a.iter().min_by_key(|x| x.abs()).unwrap());
    println!("min by: {:?}", *a.iter().min_by(|x, y| x.cmp(y)).unwrap());
    println!("min value from function: {:?}", get_min(&a));

}

注： 该例子中的数组是定长数组[T; n]

题目1：给定一个Vec动态数组，求最小值

fn get_min2(vals: &Vec<i32>) -> Option<&i32> {
    vals.iter().min_by_key(|x| x.abs())
}

fn main() {
    let a: Vec<i32> = vec![-3_i32, 0, 1, 5, -10];
    println!("min: {:?}", a.iter().min());
    println!("min value: {:?}", *a.iter().min_by_key(|x| x.abs()).unwrap());
    println!("min by: {:?}", *a.iter().min_by(|x, y| x.cmp(y)).unwrap());
    println!("min value from function: {:?}", get_min2(&a));
}

注： 若数据类型是u32时，需要多加注意，有些方法是不适用的。

fn main() {
	//let b: Vec<i32> = vec![3,12,4];
    let mut b: Vec<u32> = Vec::new();
    b.push(3);
    b.push(12);
    b.push(4);

    println!("MIN BY KEY: {:?}", b.iter().min_by_key(|x| x.abs()));
}
# cargo run
   Compiling rust_failure v0.1.0 (/root/RustProjects/rust_failure)
error[E0599]: no method named `abs` found for reference `&&u32` in the current scope
  --> src/main.rs:48:60
   |
48 |     println!("MIN BY KEY: {:?}", b.iter().min_by_key(|x| x.abs()));
   |                                                            ^^^ method not found in `&&u32`

error: aborting due to previous error

For more information about this error, try `rustc --explain E0599`.
error: could not compile `rust_failure`.

题目2：给定一个Vec<&str>动态数组，求最短字符串

fn get_shortest(names: Vec<&str>) -> Option<&str>{
    let name = names.iter().fold(names[0], |acc, &item| {
        if item.len() > acc.len() {
            acc
        } else {
            item
        }
    });

    return Some(name);
}

fn main() {
    println!("{:?}", get_shortest(vec!["Ukr", "KX", "MKSDSD"]));
}

注：使用fold消费器，可以有效简化代码。

Reference

Trait std::iter::Iterator