第2课【CMSIS和标准库开发】标准库 CMSIS 分层

PORKWOTONLEE

已于 2023-05-19 17:20:08 修改

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分类专栏： STM32 文章标签： stm32

于 2021-09-16 02:36:44 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/PORKWOTONLEE/article/details/120299228

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基本知识框架

在这里插入图片描述

课堂笔记

CMSIS

由于有众多外设厂商为Cortex内核提供外设，不同的外设带来的差异，导致软件在编写或移植时会出现很大困难，所以Arm公司同芯片厂商共同协作推出了CMSIS标准。全称是Cortex MicroController Software Interface Standard【Cortex微控制器软件接口标准】

CMSIS的分层关系和作用

CMSIS标准规定了APPLICATION层、CMSIS层和MCU层，层与层之间的关系如下图
在这里插入图片描述
CMSIS标准最重要的作用就是在用户层和硬件层之间建立硬件抽象层，从而屏蔽硬件层差异，并向用户层提供处理器软件接口

CMSIS层文件结构

根据CMSIS标准，ST官方提供了内核寄存器相关文件（CMSIS相关）和外设寄存器相关文件（CMSIS以外的，外设标准库），它们的关系如下
在这里插入图片描述
从文件结构可以看出，CMSIS层的核心主要分为内核函数层和外设函数访问层：

内核函数层：其中文件主要由Arm公司提供，文件内容包括内核寄存器的的名称，地址定义
外设函数访问层：其中文件主要由芯片生产商提供，文件内容包括外设寄存器和中断的名称，地址定义

内核函数层文件

内核函数层的文件主要的作用是时钟配置与操作内核寄存器，一般来说很少会使用

system_stm32f10x.h / .c：操作RCC时钟，实现系统时钟的配置。系统上电时，会首先执行startup文件，startup文件会调用SystemInit函数，这个函数就是在本文件中定义的，默认状态下调用完成后会将系统时钟初始化为72MHz
core_cm3.h / .c：实现内核寄存器的名称地址定义，操作寄存器的函数

外设函数访问层文件

外设函数访问层的文件主要作用是实现外设地址映射，操作外设寄存器，这里的文件会经常用到

stm32f10x_xxxx.h / .c：xxxx指的是gpio，adc等等，每个外设都有对应src驱动源文件和inc定义相关头文件。是外设标准库的主要部分
stm32f10x.h：实现了片上外设的所有寄存器映射

标准库开发

在之前的第1课中，已经实现了基础的库函数，并通过它点亮了LED灯。在学习了标准库后，可以尝试通过标准库来实现点亮LED的功能，并加上其他进阶的其他功能

标准库开发 LED-GPIO

LED功能头文件bsp_led.h代码主体部分实现

#ifndef __BSP_LED_H__
#define __BSP_LED_H__

#include "stm32f1xx_hal.h"
// GPIO输出高、低以及反转电平
#define digitalHi(Port, Pin) ((Port)->BSRR = Pin)
#define digitalLi(Port, Pin) ((Port)->BRR  = Pin)
#define digitalRev(Port,Pin) ((Port)->ODR ^= Pin)
// RGB灯的开、关以及反转
#define LED1_ON  digitalLi(LED1_GPIO_Port, LED1_Pin)
#define LED1_OFF digitalHi(LED1_GPIO_Port, LED1_Pin)
#define LED1_REV digitalRev(LED1_GPIO_Port, LED1_Pin)

#define LED2_ON  digitalLi(LED2_GPIO_Port, LED2_Pin)
#define LED2_OFF digitalHi(LED2_GPIO_Port, LED2_Pin)
#define LED2_REV digitalRev(LED2_GPIO_Port, LED2_Pin)

#define LED3_ON  digitalLi(LED3_GPIO_Port, LED3_Pin)
#define LED3_OFF digitalHi(LED3_GPIO_Port, LED3_Pin)
#define LED3_REV digitalRev(LED3_GPIO_Port, LED3_Pin)
// RGB灯以及其它衍生颜色的灯
#define LED_RED \
				LED1_ON;\
				LED2_OFF;\
				LED3_OFF;

#define LED_GREEN \
				LED1_OFF;\
				LED2_ON;\
				LED3_OFF;

#define LED_BLUE \
				LED1_OFF;\
				LED2_OFF;\
				LED3_ON;

#define LED_YELLOW \
				LED1_ON;\
				LED2_ON;\
				LED3_OFF;

#define LED_PURPLE \
				LED1_ON;\
				LED2_OFF;\
				LED3_ON;

#define LED_CYAN \
				LED1_OFF;\
				LED2_ON;\
				LED3_ON;

#define LED_WHITE \
				LED1_ON;\
				LED2_ON;\
				LED3_ON;

#define LED_BLACK \
				LED1_OFF;\
				LED2_OFF;\
				LED3_OFF;

void LED_GPIO_Config(void);

#endif

LED功能源文件bsp_key.c代码主体部分实现

#ifndef BSP_LED_C_
#define BSP_LED_C_

#include "bsp_led.h"
#include "main.h"
// LED相关GPIO口初始化
void LED_GPIO_Config(void)
{
	// 使能GPIOB的时钟
	__HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();
	
	// 定义并补充结构体信息
	GPIO_InitTypeDef* GPIO_LED_Structure;
	
	GPIO_LED_Structure->Pin   = LED1_Pin;

	GPIO_LED_Structure->Mode  = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;

	GPIO_LED_Structure->Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
	
	// 初始化GPIO口
	HAL_GPIO_Init(LED1_GPIO_Port, GPIO_LED_Structure);

	GPIO_LED_Structure->Pin   = LED2_Pin;

	HAL_GPIO_Init(LED2_GPIO_Port, GPIO_LED_Structure);

	GPIO_LED_Structure->Pin   = LED3_Pin;

	HAL_GPIO_Init(LED3_GPIO_Port, GPIO_LED_Structure);
	
	// 输出高电平
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED1_GPIO_Port, LED1_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);

	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED2_GPIO_Port, LED2_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);

	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED3_GPIO_Port, LED3_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);
}
#endif

main.c代码主体部分实现

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file           : main.c
  * @brief          : Main program body
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * <h2><center>&copy; Copyright (c) 2021 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.</center></h2>
  *
  * This software component is licensed by ST under BSD 3-Clause license,
  * the "License"; You may not use this file except in compliance with the
  * License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
  *                        opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "bsp_led.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */

/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
  * @brief  The application entry point.
  * @retval int
  */
int main(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
  LED_GPIO_Config();
  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */
	LED1_ON;
    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_NONE;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_HSI;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_0) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

/**
  * @brief GPIO Initialization Function
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{
  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};

  /* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();

  /*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */
  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, LED2_Pin|LED3_Pin|LED1_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);

  /*Configure GPIO pin : KEY2_Pin */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = KEY2_Pin;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(KEY2_GPIO_Port, &GPIO_InitStruct);

  /*Configure GPIO pin : KEY1_Pin */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = KEY1_Pin;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(KEY1_GPIO_Port, &GPIO_InitStruct);

  /*Configure GPIO pins : LED2_Pin LED3_Pin LED1_Pin */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = LED2_Pin|LED3_Pin|LED1_Pin;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct);

}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */

/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  * @retval None
  */
void Error_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
  __disable_irq();
  while (1)
  {
  }
  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
  * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

/************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/

标准库开发 KEY-GPIO

KEY功能头文件bsp_key.h代码主体部分实现

#ifndef __BSP_LED_H__
#define __BSP_LED_H__

#include "stm32f1xx_hal.h"

void KEYScan(void);

void LED_GPIO_Config(void);

#endif

KEY功能源文件bsp_key.c代码主体部分实现

#ifndef BSP_LED_C_
#define BSP_LED_C_

#include "bsp_led.h"
#include "main.h"

void KEYScan(void)
{
	if (GPIO_PIN_SET == HAL_GPIO_WritePin(KEY_GPIO_Port, KEY_Pin))
		while(GPIO_PIN_SET == HAL_GPIO_WritePin(KEY_GPIO_Port, KEY_Pin));
		return GPIO_PIN_SET;
	else
		return GPIO_PIN_RESET;
}

// KEY相关GPIO口初始化
void KEY_GPIO_Config(void)
{
	// 使能GPIOC的时钟
	__HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();
	
	// 定义并补充结构体信息
	GPIO_InitTypeDef* GPIO_LED_Structure;
	
	GPIO_LED_Structure->Pin   = KEY_Pin;

	GPIO_LED_Structure->Mode  = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;
	
	// 初始化GPIO口
	HAL_GPIO_Init(LED1_GPIO_Port, GPIO_LED_Structure);

}
#endif

main.c代码主体部分实现

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file           : main.c
  * @brief          : Main program body
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * <h2><center>&copy; Copyright (c) 2021 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.</center></h2>
  *
  * This software component is licensed by ST under BSD 3-Clause license,
  * the "License"; You may not use this file except in compliance with the
  * License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
  *                        opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "bsp_led.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */

/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
  * @brief  The application entry point.
  * @retval int
  */
int main(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
  KEY_GPIO_Config();
  LED_GPIO_Config();
  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */
	if (GPIO_PIN_SET == KEYScan())
		LED1_ON;
    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_NONE;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_HSI;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_0) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

/**
  * @brief GPIO Initialization Function
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{
  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};

  /* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();

  /*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */
  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, LED2_Pin|LED3_Pin|LED1_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);

  /*Configure GPIO pin : KEY2_Pin */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = KEY2_Pin;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(KEY2_GPIO_Port, &GPIO_InitStruct);

  /*Configure GPIO pin : KEY1_Pin */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = KEY1_Pin;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(KEY1_GPIO_Port, &GPIO_InitStruct);

  /*Configure GPIO pins : LED2_Pin LED3_Pin LED1_Pin */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = LED2_Pin|LED3_Pin|LED1_Pin;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct);

}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */

/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  * @retval None
  */
void Error_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
  __disable_irq();
  while (1)
  {
  }
  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
  * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

/************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/

标准库开发位带操作

位带

位操作指的是可以对单独某个位进行读写操作，当需要对某些位进行频繁读写操作时，通过位操作可以轻松便捷的实现。但Cortex内核的寻址能力仅能达到字节级别，如果要进行位操作，就只能通过位带

位带指的是STM32中可以进行位操作的地址区域。但这里的位操作不是直接对位带中的地址进行位操作，而是要通过访问位带区的“替身”：位带别名区

位带别名区

位带别名区是STM32中服务于位带区的特殊地址范围。对于位带别名区的所有操作，都会体现到位带区上

STM32中可以实现位带的地址区域有两个外设位带区和sRam位带区

外设位带区	sRam位带区
地址范围：0X4000 0000~0X4010 0000	地址范围：0X2000 0000~X2010 0000
大小：1MB	大小：1MB
外设位带别名区	sRam位带别名区
地址范围：0X4200 0000~0X43FF FFFF	地址范围：0X2200 0000~0X23FF FFFF
大小：32MB	大小：32MB

访问的原理：将位带区的每1个位【bit】一一映射到位带别名区对应的4个字节【Byte】。而位带别名区地址对应的内容是LSB，也就是最低位有效，这意味着只要读写位带别名区那四个字节的最低位，就等效于读写位带区的对应位

位带区和位带别名区大小的联系
由于将位带区的1个位映射到位带别名区的4个字节，1字节=8位，所以位带别名区的大小是位带区的32倍

为什么要将1个位映射到4个字节
由于STM32内部的数据总线是32位的，CPU进行32位数据的处理是最高效的，所以将1位映射成4字节，是一种用空间换取时间的做法，原理类似于C语言结构体中的成员大小对齐

位带区和位带别名区的地址转换

根据位带区与位带别名区的映射原理，要想得到位带区中地址A对应字节的第n位，对应位带别名区地址。

计算公式：位带别名区地址 = (0xF000 000 * A + 0x0200 0000) + ((A * 0x00FF FFFF * 8 + n) * 4)

前半部分0xF000 000 * A + 0x0200 0000 ：计算的是位带别名区的起始地址，并根据地址判断到底是外设位带别名区还是sRam位带别名区
后半部分(A * 0x00FF FFFF * 8 + n) * 4：计算的是位对于位带别名区起始地址的偏移量，(A * 0x00FF FFFF * 8 + n)首先计算出位带区中给，A的第n位相对于起始地址的偏移量，单位为位，最后*4是将这个偏移量转换成对应位带别名区偏移量

通过位带操作点亮LED灯

位带操作LED功能头文件bsp_bitband.h代码主体部分实现

/*
 * bsp_bitband.h
 *
 *  Created on: Sep 16, 2021
 *      Author: 67566
 */

#ifndef BSP_BITBAND_H_
#define BSP_BITBAND_H_

#include "stm32f1xx_hal.h"
// 计算位带区对应位带别名区地址
#define BITBAND(addr,bit)   ((addr & 0xF0000000)+0x02000000+((addr & 0x000FFFFF)<<5)+(bit<<2))
// 强转地址，其中volatile不能省略，否则编译器会进行参数优化
#define MEM_ADDR(addr)      (*(volatile unsigned long*)(addr))
#define BIT_ADDR(addr,bit)  MEM_ADDR(BITBAND(addr,bit))
// GPIO对应ODR\IDR地址
#define GPIOA_ODR_ADDR      GPIOA_BASE + 0x0c
#define GPIOB_ODR_ADDR      GPIOB_BASE + 0x0c
#define GPIOC_ODR_ADDR      GPIOC_BASE + 0x0c
#define GPIOD_ODR_ADDR      GPIOD_BASE + 0x0c
#define GPIOE_ODR_ADDR      GPIOE_BASE + 0x0c
#define GPIOF_ODR_ADDR      GPIOF_BASE + 0x0c
#define GPIOG_ODR_ADDR      GPIOG_BASE + 0x0c

#define GPIOA_IDR_ADDR      GPIOA_BASE + 0x08
#define GPIOB_IDR_ADDR      GPIOB_BASE + 0x08
#define GPIOC_IDR_ADDR      GPIOC_BASE + 0x08
#define GPIOD_IDR_ADDR      GPIOD_BASE + 0x08
#define GPIOE_IDR_ADDR      GPIOE_BASE + 0x08
#define GPIOF_IDR_ADDR      GPIOF_BASE + 0x08
#define GPIOG_IDR_ADDR      GPIOG_BASE + 0x08
// GPIO引脚输出\输入
#define GPIOA_OUT(bit)      BIT_ADDR(GPIOA_ODR_ADDR,bit)
#define GPIOA_IN(bit)       BIT_ADDR(GPIOA_IDR_ADDR,bit)

#define GPIOB_OUT(bit)      BIT_ADDR(GPIOB_ODR_ADDR,bit)
#define GPIOB_IN(bit)       BIT_ADDR(GPIOB_IDR_ADDR,bit)

#define GPIOC_OUT(bit)      BIT_ADDR(GPIOC_ODR_ADDR,bit)
#define GPIOC_IN(bit)       BIT_ADDR(GPIOC_IDR_ADDR,bit)

#define GPIOD_OUT(bit)      BIT_ADDR(GPIOD_ODR_ADDR,bit)
#define GPIOD_IN(bit)       BIT_ADDR(GPIOD_IDR_ADDR,bit)

#define GPIOE_OUT(bit)      BIT_ADDR(GPIOE_ODR_ADDR,bit)
#define GPIOE_IN(bit)       BIT_ADDR(GPIOE_IDR_ADDR,bit)

#define GPIOF_OUT(bit)      BIT_ADDR(GPIOF_ODR_ADDR,bit)
#define GPIOF_IN(bit)       BIT_ADDR(GPIOF_IDR_ADDR,bit)

#define GPIOG_OUT(bit)      BIT_ADDR(GPIOG_ODR_ADDR,bit)
#define GPIOG_IN(bit)       BIT_ADDR(GPIOG_IDR_ADDR,bit)

#endif /* BSP_BITBAND_H_ */

main.c代码主体部分实现

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file           : main.c
  * @brief          : Main program body
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * <h2><center>&copy; Copyright (c) 2021 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.</center></h2>
  *
  * This software component is licensed by ST under BSD 3-Clause license,
  * the "License"; You may not use this file except in compliance with the
  * License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
  *                        opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "bsp_led.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */

/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
  * @brief  The application entry point.
  * @retval int
  */
int main(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
  LED_GPIO_Config();
  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */
	GPIOB_OUT(5) = GPIO_PIN_RESET;
    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_NONE;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_HSI;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_0) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

/**
  * @brief GPIO Initialization Function
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{
  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};

  /* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();

  /*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */
  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, LED2_Pin|LED3_Pin|LED1_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);

  /*Configure GPIO pin : KEY2_Pin */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = KEY2_Pin;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(KEY2_GPIO_Port, &GPIO_InitStruct);

  /*Configure GPIO pin : KEY1_Pin */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = KEY1_Pin;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(KEY1_GPIO_Port, &GPIO_InitStruct);

  /*Configure GPIO pins : LED2_Pin LED3_Pin LED1_Pin */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = LED2_Pin|LED3_Pin|LED1_Pin;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct);

}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */

/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  * @retval None
  */
void Error_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
  __disable_irq();
  while (1)
  {
  }
  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
  * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

/************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/

基本知识框架Xmind文件下载

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第2课【CMSIS和标准库开发】标准库 CMSIS 分层

目录基本知识框架课堂笔记CMSISCMSIS的分层结构和作用标准库文件结构内核函数层文件外设函数访问层文件标准库开发标准库开发 LED-GPIO标准库开发 KEY-GPIO标准库开发位带操作基本知识框架Xmind文件下载基本知识框架课堂笔记CMSIS由于有众多外设厂商为Cortex内核提供外设，不同的外设带来的差异，导致软件在编写或移植时会出现很大困难，所以Arm公司同芯片厂商共同协作推出了CMSIS标准。全称是Cortex MicroController Software Interface
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