蓝桥杯单片机备战（十一）定时器的进阶综合案例

1.案例要求

利用定时器T0，数码管模块和两个独立按键S4和S5设计一个秒表，具有清零，暂停，启动功能

• 显示格式：XX-XX-XX(分—秒—毫秒）

08-26-18表示：8分26秒900毫秒

• 独立按键S4为暂停/启动

独立按键S5为清零

按键均为按下有效

---

2.编程思路

本案例我们使用模块化编程的思路，我们需要用到定时器，数码管，独立按键。

（1）、HC138选通

.c文件

#include <REGX52.H>
void Select_HC138(unsigned char channel)//HC138选通函数
{
	switch(channel)
	{
		case 4:
			P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0x80;
		break;
		case 5:
			P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xa0;
		break;
		case 6:
			P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xc0;
		break;
		case 7:
			P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xe0; 
		break;		
	}
}

头文件

#ifndef __HC138_H
#define __HC138_H
void Select_HC138(unsigned char channel);
#endif

---

（2）、延时函数

注意：本文件是在stc-isp软件上生成的

生成一个延时1ms的函数，自己再改写为可以延时任意时长的函数

.c文件

#include <REGX52.H>

void Delay(unsigned char t)	
{
	unsigned char i, j;
	while(t--)
	{
		i = 15;
		j = 90;
		do
		{
			while (--j);
		} while (--i);
	}
}

头文件

#ifndef __DELAY_H
#define __DELAY_H
void Delay(unsigned char t);	
#endif

---

（3）、数码管

.c文件

#include <REGX52.H>
#include "HC138.h"
extern unsigned char code SMG_duanma[18] = {0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,0x80,																		 
                                     0x90,0x88,0x83,0xc6,0xa1,0x86,0x8e,0xbf,0x7f};
void SHOW_SMG(unsigned char pos,unsigned char duanma)
{
	Select_HC138(6);
	switch(pos)
	{
		case 1:
			P0 = 0x01;
		break;
		case 2:
			P0 = 0x02;
		break;
		case 3:
			P0 = 0x04;
		break;
		case 4:
			P0 = 0x08;
		break;
		case 5:
			P0 = 0x10;
		break;
		case 6:
			P0 = 0x20;
		break;
		case 7:
			P0 = 0x40;
		break;
		case 8:
			P0 = 0x80;
		break;	
	}
	Select_HC138(7);
	switch(duanma)
	{
		case 0:
			P0 = SMG_duanma[0]; 
			break;
		case 1:
			P0 = SMG_duanma[1]; 
			break;
		case 2:
			P0 = SMG_duanma[2]; 
			break;
		case 3:
			P0 = SMG_duanma[3]; 
			break;
		case 4:
			P0 = SMG_duanma[4]; 
			break;
		case 5:
			P0 = SMG_duanma[5]; 
			break;
		case 6:
			P0 = SMG_duanma[6]; 
			break;
		case 7:
			P0 = SMG_duanma[7]; 
			break;
		case 8:
			P0 = SMG_duanma[8]; 
			break;
		case 9:
			P0 = SMG_duanma[9]; 
			break;
		case 10:
			P0 = SMG_duanma[16]; 
			break;
	}
}

 头文件

#ifndef __SMG_H
#define __SMG_H
void SHOW_SMG(unsigned char pos,unsigned char duanma);
#endif

---

（4）、独立按键

.c文件

#include <REGX52.H>
#include "Delay.h"

extern unsigned char KEY_NUM_S4 = 0;
extern unsigned char KEY_NUM_S5 = 0;
void Scan_Key()
{
	if(P3_3 == 0)
	{
		Delay(20);
		if(P3_3 == 0)
		{
			Delay(20);
			if(KEY_NUM_S4 == 0)
				KEY_NUM_S4 = 1;
			else 
				KEY_NUM_S4 = 0;
			while(P3_3 == 0);
		}
	}
	if(P3_2 == 0)
	{
		Delay(20);
		if(P3_2 == 0)
		{
			Delay(20);
			KEY_NUM_S5 = 1;
			while(P3_2 == 0);
		}
	}
}
	

头文件

#ifndef __KEY_H
#define __KEY_H
extern unsigned char KEY_NUM_S4;
extern unsigned char KEY_NUM_S5;
void Scan_Key();
#endif

---

（5）、定时器

.c文件

#include <REGX52.H>
#include "KEY.h"

extern  unsigned int t_50ms = 0; 
extern  unsigned int t_s = 0; 
extern  unsigned int t_min = 0; 

void Timer0Init()		//50毫秒@11.0592MHz
{
	AUXR &= 0x7F;		//定时器时钟12T模式
	TMOD &= 0xF0;		//设置定时器模式
	TL0 = 0xB0;		//设置定时初值
	TH0 = 0x3C;		//设置定时初值
	TF0 = 0;		//清除TF0标志	
	ET0 = 1;//使能定时/计数器中断
	EA = 1;	//打开总中断
	if(KEY_NUM_S4 == 1)
	{
		TR0 = 1;//启动定时器
	}
	else
	{
		TR0 = 0;//关闭定时器
	}	
}

void TM0_Server() interrupt 1
{
	t_50ms++;
	if(t_50ms == 20)
	{
		t_s++;
		t_50ms = 0;
		if(t_s == 60)
		{
			t_min++;
			t_s = 0;
			if(t_min == 100)
			{
				t_min = 0;
			}
		}
	}
}

头文件

#ifndef __TM0_H
#define __TM0_H

extern  unsigned int t_50ms; 
extern  unsigned int t_s; 
extern  unsigned int t_min; 
void Timer0Init();

void TM0_Server();
#endif

---

（6）、主函数文件

#include <REGX52.H>
#include "HC138.h"
#include "Delay.h"
#include "SMG.h"
#include "KEY.h"
#include "TM0.h"


void main()
{
	while(1)
	{
		Timer0Init();
		Scan_Key();
		if(KEY_NUM_S5 == 1)
		{
			t_50ms = 0;
			t_s = 0;
			t_min = 0;
			KEY_NUM_S5 = 0;
			KEY_NUM_S4 = 0;
		}
		SHOW_SMG(8,t_50ms%10);
		Delay(1);
		SHOW_SMG(7,t_50ms/10);
		Delay(1);
		SHOW_SMG(6,10);
		Delay(1);
		SHOW_SMG(5,t_s%10);
		Delay(1);
		SHOW_SMG(4,t_s/10);
		Delay(1);
		SHOW_SMG(3,10);
		Delay(1);
		SHOW_SMG(2,t_min%10);
		Delay(1);
		SHOW_SMG(1,t_min/10);
		Delay(1);						
	}
}

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3.文件管理 

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代码文件夹放这里了：

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