OpenCV在图像上画线、矩形、椭圆、多边形、填充的多边形、圆、显示文字

OpenCV在图像上随机画直线、椭圆、多边形、圆、显示文字

代码如下:

/**
 * @file Drawing_2.cpp
 * @brief Simple sample code
 */

#include <opencv2/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/imgproc.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>

using namespace cv;

/// Global Variables
const int NUMBER = 100;
const int DELAY = 5;

const int window_width = 900;
const int window_height = 600;
int x_1 = -window_width/2;
int x_2 = window_width*3/2;
int y_1 = -window_width/2;
int y_2 = window_width*3/2;

/// Function headers
static Scalar randomColor( RNG& rng );
int Drawing_Random_Lines( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng );
int Drawing_Random_Rectangles( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng );
int Drawing_Random_Ellipses( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng );
int Drawing_Random_Polylines( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng );
int Drawing_Random_Filled_Polygons( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng );
int Drawing_Random_Circles( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng );
int Displaying_Random_Text( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng );
int Displaying_Big_End( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng );


/**
 * @function main
 */
int main( void )
{
  int c;

  /// Start creating a window
  char window_name[] = "Drawing_2 Tutorial";

  /// Also create a random object (RNG)
  RNG rng( 0xFFFFFFFF );

  /// Initialize a matrix filled with zeros
  Mat image = Mat::zeros( window_height, window_width, CV_8UC3 );
  /// Show it in a window during DELAY ms
  imshow( window_name, image );
  waitKey( DELAY );

  /// 画线
  c = Drawing_Random_Lines(image, window_name, rng);
  if( c != 0 ) return 0;

  /// 矩形
  c = Drawing_Random_Rectangles(image, window_name, rng);
  if( c != 0 ) return 0;

  /// 椭圆
  c = Drawing_Random_Ellipses( image, window_name, rng );
  if( c != 0 ) return 0;

  /// 多边形
  c = Drawing_Random_Polylines( image, window_name, rng );
  if( c != 0 ) return 0;

  /// 填充的多边形
  c = Drawing_Random_Filled_Polygons( image, window_name, rng );
  if( c != 0 ) return 0;

  /// 圆
  c = Drawing_Random_Circles( image, window_name, rng );
  if( c != 0 ) return 0;

  /// 随机位置显示文本
  c = Displaying_Random_Text( image, window_name, rng );
  if( c != 0 ) return 0;

  /// 显示文字
  c = Displaying_Big_End( image, window_name, rng );
  if( c != 0 ) return 0;

  waitKey(0);
  return 0;
}

/// Function definitions

/**
 * @function randomColor
 * @brief Produces a random color given a random object
 */
static Scalar randomColor( RNG& rng )
{
  int icolor = (unsigned) rng;
  return Scalar( icolor&255, (icolor>>8)&255, (icolor>>16)&255 );
}


/**
 * @function 随机画线
 */
int Drawing_Random_Lines( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng )
{
  Point pt1, pt2;

  for( int i = 0; i < NUMBER; i++ )
  {
    pt1.x = rng.uniform( x_1, x_2 );
    pt1.y = rng.uniform( y_1, y_2 );
    pt2.x = rng.uniform( x_1, x_2 );
    pt2.y = rng.uniform( y_1, y_2 );

    line( image, pt1, pt2, randomColor(rng), rng.uniform(1, 10), 8 );
    imshow( window_name, image );
    if( waitKey( DELAY ) >= 0 )
      { return -1; }
  }

  return 0;
}

/**
 * @function 画矩形
 */
int Drawing_Random_Rectangles( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng )
{
  Point pt1, pt2;
  int lineType = 8;
  int thickness = rng.uniform( -3, 10 );

  for( int i = 0; i < NUMBER; i++ )
  {
    pt1.x = rng.uniform( x_1, x_2 );
    pt1.y = rng.uniform( y_1, y_2 );
    pt2.x = rng.uniform( x_1, x_2 );
    pt2.y = rng.uniform( y_1, y_2 );

    rectangle( image, pt1, pt2, randomColor(rng), MAX( thickness, -1 ), lineType );

    imshow( window_name, image );
    if( waitKey( DELAY ) >= 0 )
      { return -1; }
  }

  return 0;
}

/**
 * @function 随机椭圆
 */
int Drawing_Random_Ellipses( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng )
{
  int lineType = 8;

  for ( int i = 0; i < NUMBER; i++ )
  {
    Point center;
    center.x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    center.y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);

    Size axes;
    axes.width = rng.uniform(0, 200);
    axes.height = rng.uniform(0, 200);

    double angle = rng.uniform(0, 180);

    ellipse( image, center, axes, angle, angle - 100, angle + 200,
             randomColor(rng), rng.uniform(-1,9), lineType );

    imshow( window_name, image );

    if( waitKey(DELAY) >= 0 )
      { return -1; }
  }

  return 0;
}

/**
 * @function 多边形
 */
int Drawing_Random_Polylines( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng )
{
  int lineType = 8;

  for( int i = 0; i< NUMBER; i++ )
  {
    Point pt[2][3];
    pt[0][0].x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    pt[0][0].y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);
    pt[0][1].x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    pt[0][1].y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);
    pt[0][2].x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    pt[0][2].y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);
    pt[1][0].x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    pt[1][0].y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);
    pt[1][1].x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    pt[1][1].y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);
    pt[1][2].x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    pt[1][2].y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);

    const Point* ppt[2] = {pt[0], pt[1]};
    int npt[] = {3, 3};

    polylines(image, ppt, npt, 2, true, randomColor(rng), rng.uniform(1,10), lineType);

    imshow( window_name, image );
    if( waitKey(DELAY) >= 0 )
      { return -1; }
  }
  return 0;
}

/**
 * @function 填充的多边形
 */
int Drawing_Random_Filled_Polygons( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng )
{
  int lineType = 8;

  for ( int i = 0; i < NUMBER; i++ )
  {
    Point pt[2][3];
    pt[0][0].x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    pt[0][0].y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);
    pt[0][1].x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    pt[0][1].y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);
    pt[0][2].x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    pt[0][2].y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);
    pt[1][0].x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    pt[1][0].y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);
    pt[1][1].x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    pt[1][1].y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);
    pt[1][2].x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    pt[1][2].y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);

    const Point* ppt[2] = {pt[0], pt[1]};
    int npt[] = {3, 3};

    fillPoly( image, ppt, npt, 2, randomColor(rng), lineType );

    imshow( window_name, image );
    if( waitKey(DELAY) >= 0 )
       { return -1; }
  }
  return 0;
}

/**
 * @function 圆
 */
int Drawing_Random_Circles( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng )
{
  int lineType = 8;

  for (int i = 0; i < NUMBER; i++)
  {
    Point center;
    center.x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    center.y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);

    circle( image, center, rng.uniform(0, 300), randomColor(rng),
            rng.uniform(-1, 9), lineType );

    imshow( window_name, image );
    if( waitKey(DELAY) >= 0 )
      { return -1; }
  }

  return 0;
}

/**
 * @function 显示文本
 */
int Displaying_Random_Text( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng )
{
  int lineType = 8;

  for ( int i = 1; i < NUMBER; i++ )
  {
    Point org;
    org.x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    org.y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);

    putText( image, "Testing text rendering", org, rng.uniform(0,8),
             rng.uniform(0,100)*0.05+0.1, randomColor(rng), rng.uniform(1, 10), lineType);

    imshow( window_name, image );
    if( waitKey(DELAY) >= 0 )
      { return -1; }
  }

  return 0;
}显示文本Displaying_Big_End
 */
int Displaying_Big_End( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG )
{
  Size textsize = getTextSize("OpenCV forever!", FONT_HERSHEY_COMPLEX, 3, 5, 0);
  Point org((window_width - textsize.width)/2, (window_height - textsize.height)/2);
  int lineType = 8;

  Mat image2;

  for( int i = 0; i < 255; i += 2 )
  {
    image2 = image - Scalar::all(i);
    putText( image2, "OpenCV forever!", org, FONT_HERSHEY_COMPLEX, 3,
             Scalar(i, i, 255), 5, lineType );

    imshow( window_name, image2 );
    if( waitKey(DELAY) >= 0 )
       { return -1; }
  }

  return 0;
}

结果:

  1. 随机画线:

    Drawing_2_Tutorial_Result_0.jpg
  2. 矩形和椭圆
    Drawing_2_Tutorial_Result_2.jpg
  3. 多边形

    Drawing_2_Tutorial_Result_3.jpg
  4. 填充的多边形(三角形)和圆
    Drawing_2_Tutorial_Result_5.jpg
  5. 最后,"Testing Text Rendering"*将会以不同的字体,大小、颜色出现在不同的位置.最后,显示”OpenCV forever!“

   Drawing_2_Tutorial_Result_big.jpg


  
  




OpenCV中,要在一个图像一个半透明的椭圆,你需要使用位运算函数和颜色混合技术。由于OpenCV本身不直接支持透明度(Alpha通道),所以我们需要结合使用一些方法来创建半透明效果。以下是一个基本的步骤说明,展示如何在OpenCV中实现这个功能: 1. 创建一个带有Alpha通道的空白图像(或使用图像的Alpha通道,如果支持)。 2. 在这个空白图像上绘制你的椭圆,使用你想要的填充颜色和一个具有透明度的颜色。 3. 使用混合操作将这个椭圆图像与原始图像合并。 下面是一个简单的代码示例,演示如何绘制一个半透明的椭圆: ```python import cv2 import numpy as np def draw_transparent_ellipse(image, center, axes, angle, start_angle, end_angle, color, thickness, alpha): # 创建一个与输入图像大小相同的带有Alpha通道的空白图像 overlay = np.zeros((image.shape[0], image.shape[1], 4), dtype=np.uint8) # 在空白图像上绘制椭圆(使用cv2.FILLED) cv2.ellipse(overlay, center, axes, angle, start_angle, end_angle, color, thickness, cv2.FILLED) # 设置Alpha通道(透明度) overlay[..., 3] = alpha * 255 # 应用混合操作将椭圆图像与原始图像合并 result = cv2.addWeighted(image, 1.0, overlay, alpha, 0) return result # 加载或创建一个图像 image = cv2.imread('path_to_image.jpg') # 替换为你的图像路径 # 绘制半透明椭圆的参数 center = (100, 100) # 椭圆中心坐标 axes = (50, 30) # 椭圆的长轴和短轴 angle = 0 # 旋转角度 start_angle = 0 # 起始角度 end_angle = 360 # 结束角度 color = (255, 0, 0) # RGB颜色 thickness = 2 # 椭圆线宽 alpha = 0.5 # 透明度(0到1之间) # 绘制半透明椭圆 result_image = draw_transparent_ellipse(image, center, axes, angle, start_angle, end_angle, color, thickness, alpha) # 显示结果图像 cv2.imshow('Transparent Ellipse', result_image) cv2.waitKey(0) cv2.destroyAllWindows() ``` 请注意,这个例子假设你已经有了一个可以工作的OpenCV环境,并且熟悉基本的OpenCV操作。此外,`alpha`值设置为0到1之间,0表示完全透明,1表示完全不透明。
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