Ubuntu下安装OpenGL/Glut库

http://www.libaqiang.com/?p=78330

1.Ubuntu下安装OpenGL/Glut库
OpenGL（全写Open Graphics Library）是个定义了一个跨编程语言、跨平台的编程接口的规格，它用于三维图象（二维的亦可）。OpenGL是个专业的图形程序接口，是一个功能强大，调用方便的底层图形库。

ubuntu下安装OpenGL的方式如下：
sudo apt-get install freeglut3 freeglut3-dev #freeglut是一款开源的图形编程接口
sudo apt-get install binutils-gold #Ubuntu>=11.10的版本需要安装此包以解决连接问题

2. 通过链接OpenGL/Glut库来编译文件
g++ -lGL -lglut color_cube.cpp -o color_cube

3.解决编译时的链接错误问题
问题：
undefined reference to `gluPerspective’
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
undefined reference to “gluLookAt”

解决办法：
g++ -lGL -lGLU -lglut color_cube.cpp -o color_cube

4.一段实例程序：
#include
#include
GLboolean polySmooth = GL_TRUE;
static void init(void){
glCullFace (GL_BACK);
glEnable (GL_CULL_FACE);
glBlendFunc (GL_SRC_ALPHA_SATURATE, GL_ONE);
glClearColor (0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
}
#define NFACE 6
#define NVERT 8
void drawCube(GLdouble x0, GLdouble x1, GLdouble y0, GLdouble y1,GLdouble z0, GLdouble z1){
static GLfloat v[8][3];
static GLfloat c[8][4] = {
{0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0}, {1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0},
{0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0}, {1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0},
{0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0}, {1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0},
{0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0}, {1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0}
};
/* indices of front, top, left, bottom, right, back faces */
static GLubyte indices[NFACE][4] = {
{4, 5, 6, 7}, {2, 3, 7, 6}, {0, 4, 7, 3},
{0, 1, 5, 4}, {1, 5, 6, 2}, {0, 3, 2, 1}
};
v[0][0] = v[3][0] = v[4][0] = v[7][0] = x0;
v[1][0] = v[2][0] = v[5][0] = v[6][0] = x1;
v[0][1] = v[1][1] = v[4][1] = v[5][1] = y0;
v[2][1] = v[3][1] = v[6][1] = v[7][1] = y1;
v[0][2] = v[1][2] = v[2][2] = v[3][2] = z0;
v[4][2] = v[5][2] = v[6][2] = v[7][2] = z1;
#ifdef GL_VERSION_1_1
glEnableClientState (GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
glEnableClientState (GL_COLOR_ARRAY);
glVertexPointer (3, GL_FLOAT, 0, v);
glColorPointer (4, GL_FLOAT, 0, c);
glDrawElements (GL_QUADS, NFACE*4, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, indices);
glDisableClientState (GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
glDisableClientState (GL_COLOR_ARRAY);
#else
printf (“If this is GL Version 1.0, “);
printf (“vertex arrays are not supported.n”);
exit(1);
#endif
}

/* Note: polygons must be drawn from front to back
* for proper blending.
*/
void display(void) {
if (polySmooth) {
glClear (GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glEnable (GL_BLEND);
glEnable (GL_POLYGON_SMOOTH);
glDisable (GL_DEPTH_TEST);
}else {
glClear (GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glDisable (GL_BLEND);
glDisable (GL_POLYGON_SMOOTH);
glEnable (GL_DEPTH_TEST);
}
glPushMatrix ();
glTranslatef (0.0, 0.0, -8.0);
glRotatef (30.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
glRotatef (60.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
drawCube(-0.8, 0.8, -0.8, 0.8, -0.8, 0.8);
glPopMatrix ();
glFlush ();
}

void reshape(int w, int h) {
glViewport(0, 0, (GLsizei) w, (GLsizei) h);
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
gluPerspective(30.0, (GLfloat) w/(GLfloat) h, 1.0, 20.0);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glLoadIdentity();
}

/* ARGSUSED1 */
void keyboard(unsigned char key, int x, int y) {
switch (key) {
case ‘t’:
case ‘T’:
polySmooth = !polySmooth;
glutPostRedisplay();
break;
case 27:
exit(0); /* Escape key */
break;
default:
break;
}
}

/* Main Loop
*/
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitDisplayMode (GLUT_SINGLE | GLUT_RGB | GLUT_ALPHA | GLUT_DEPTH);
glutInitWindowSize(400, 400);
glutCreateWindow(“OpenGL Color Cube”);
init ();
glutReshapeFunc (reshape);
glutKeyboardFunc (keyboard);
glutDisplayFunc (display);
glutMainLoop();
return 0;
}