mmdetection使用方法（使用mmdetection搭建faster-RCNN模型）

配置环境

操作系统：Ubuntu20.04
CUDA版本：10.2
Pytorch版本：1.6.0
TorchVision版本：0.7.0
mmdet版本：2.5.0
mmcv版本：1.1.5
IDE：PyCharm
硬件：RTX2070S*2

使用方法

在PyCharm的终端中输入如下命令

python tools/train.py configs/faster_rcnn/faster_rcnn_r101_fpn_2x_coco.py --gpus 1 --work-dir workdir_hurricane/

如图：

解释一下上面几个参数的意思

• tools/train.py 表示调用tools文件夹下的train.py文件
• configs/faster_rcnn/faster_rcnn_r101_fpn_2x_coco.py表示我们的网络模型是faster_rcnn中backbone为resnet101,数据集的形势为coco数据集
• –gpus 1表示我们使用训练的GPU为1块，当然你也可以设置为2或者其他数量（如果你有多块GPU的话）
• –work-dir workdir_hurricane/ 表示我们指定的工作目录为当前文件件下的workdir_hurricane文件夹，生成的faster_rcnn_r101_fpn_2x_coco.py文件便存在这个文件夹下

注意：在执行这一步的时候要在

此时便生成一个py文件并开始训练

这py文件就是我们需要的文件

使用py文件训练模型

在pycharm的终端中输入如下命令

python tools/train.py workdir_hurricane/faster_rcnn_r101_fpn_2x_coco.py --gpus 1

便开始训练了，训练结果如下：

可以看到权重文件以及训练的日志都记录下来了

使用训练好的模型做预测

在pycharm的终端中输入如下命令

python workdir_hurricane/webcam_demo_huriicane.py configs/faster_rcnn/faster_rcnn_r101_fpn_2x_coco.py workdir_hurricane/traffic_dataset_fasterRCNN/latest.pth --file /home/sha/PycharmProjects/mmdetection/workdir_hurricane/videos_test/video4.mp4 

注意，此处的webcam_demo_huriicane.py文件是根据mmdetection的demo文件夹下的webcam_demo.py修改而来，其代码如下：

import argparse
import os
import cv2 as cv
import torch
from mmdet.apis import inference_detector, init_detector

file_path = __file__
dir_path = os.path.dirname(file_path)
output_video_path = os.path.join(dir_path, 'result.mp4')


def parse_args():
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='MMDetection webcam demo')
    parser.add_argument('config', help='test config file path')
    parser.add_argument('checkpoint', help='checkpoint file')
    parser.add_argument(
        '--device', type=str, default='cuda:0', help='CPU/CUDA device option')
    parser.add_argument(
        '--camera-id', type=int, default=0, help='camera device id')
    parser.add_argument(
        '--score-thr', type=float, default=0.5, help='bbox score threshold')
    parser.add_argument(
        '--file', type=str, help='where the test video path')
    parser.add_argument(
        '--out', type=str, default=output_video_path, help='the out put video path')
    args = parser.parse_args()
    return args


def main():
    args = parse_args()
    print("*" * 50)
    print(args)
    print("*"*50)

    if not args.file:
        print('No target file!')
        exit(0)

    device = torch.device(args.device)

    print('device:', args.device)

    model = init_detector(args.config, args.checkpoint, device=device)

    camera = cv.VideoCapture(args.file)

    camera_width = int(camera.get(cv.CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH))
    camera_hight  = int(camera.get(cv.CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT))

    print(camera_hight,camera_width)
    fps = camera.get(cv.CAP_PROP_FPS)

    video_writer = cv.VideoWriter(args.out, cv.VideoWriter_fourcc(*'mp4v'),
                                  fps, (camera_width, camera_hight))

    count = 0

    print('Press "Esc", "q" or "Q" to exit.')
    while True:
        torch.cuda.empty_cache()
        ret_val, img = camera.read()
        if ret_val:
            if count < 0:
                count += 1
                print("Write {} in result Successfuly!".format(count))
                continue
            result = inference_detector(model, img)

            ch = cv.waitKey(1)
            if ch == 27 or ch == ord('q') or ch == ord('Q'):
                break

            frame = model.show_result(img, result, score_thr=args.score_thr, wait_time=1, show=False)
            cv.imshow('frame', frame)
            if len(frame)>=1:
                video_writer.write(frame)
                count += 1
                print("Write {} in result Successfuly!".format(count))

        else:
            print('Load fail!')
            break
    camera.release()
    video_writer.release()
    cv.destroyWindow()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

python workdir_hurricane/webcam_demo_huriicane.py configs/faster_rcnn/faster_rcnn_r101_fpn_2x_coco.py workdir_hurricane/traffic_dataset_fasterRCNN/latest.pth --file /home/sha/PycharmProjects/mmdetection/workdir_hurricane/videos_test/video4.mp4 

这段命令的作用在于：
读取home/sha/PycharmProjects/mmdetection/workdir_hurricane/videos_test/video4.mp4的MP4视频文件，并使用训练好的权重进行检测

参考链接

博主学习mmdetection方法时发现B站上有位博主讲的很不错，大家如果按照本博客教程发现跑不通的话可以参考此链接：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1jV411U7zb?p=7
这位博主讲的十分细致，大家如果觉得有收获记得给B站那位UP主一键三连哦！

另外，如果看完发现还是有不清晰的地方，推荐阅读mmdetection的说明文件，参考此链接
可以先从getting_started.md这个文件读起
遵循互联网精神，本文引用了mmdetectin，现附上引用链接：
@article{mmdetection,
title = {{MMDetection}: Open MMLab Detection Toolbox and Benchmark},
author = {Chen, Kai and Wang, Jiaqi and Pang, Jiangmiao and Cao, Yuhang and
Xiong, Yu and Li, Xiaoxiao and Sun, Shuyang and Feng, Wansen and
Liu, Ziwei and Xu, Jiarui and Zhang, Zheng and Cheng, Dazhi and
Zhu, Chenchen and Cheng, Tianheng and Zhao, Qijie and Li, Buyu and
Lu, Xin and Zhu, Rui and Wu, Yue and Dai, Jifeng and Wang, Jingdong
and Shi, Jianping and Ouyang, Wanli and Loy, Chen Change and Lin, Dahua},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1906.07155},
year={2019}
}

附录

有些朋友或许会对生成的faster_rcnn_r101_fpn_2x_coco.py文件感兴趣，他的注释如下：
这一段是在mmdetection的config.md文件copy过来的：

model = dict(
    type='MaskRCNN',  # The name of detector
    pretrained=
    'torchvision://resnet50',  # The ImageNet pretrained backbone to be loaded
    backbone=dict(  # The config of backbone
        type='ResNet',  # The type of the backbone, refer to https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmdetection/blob/master/mmdet/models/backbones/resnet.py#L288 for more details.
        depth=50,  # The depth of backbone, usually it is 50 or 101 for ResNet and ResNext backbones.
        num_stages=4,  # Number of stages of the backbone.
        out_indices=(0, 1, 2, 3),  # The index of output feature maps produced in each stages
        frozen_stages=1,  # The weights in the first 1 stage are fronzen
        norm_cfg=dict(  # The config of normalization layers.
            type='BN',  # Type of norm layer, usually it is BN or GN
            requires_grad=True),  # Whether to train the gamma and beta in BN
        norm_eval=True,  # Whether to freeze the statistics in BN
        style='pytorch'),  # The style of backbone, 'pytorch' means that stride 2 layers are in 3x3 conv, 'caffe' means stride 2 layers are in 1x1 convs.
    neck=dict(
        type='FPN',  # The neck of detector is FPN. We also support 'NASFPN', 'PAFPN', etc. Refer to https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmdetection/blob/master/mmdet/models/necks/fpn.py#L10 for more details.
        in_channels=[256, 512, 1024, 2048],  # The input channels, this is consistent with the output channels of backbone
        out_channels=256,  # The output channels of each level of the pyramid feature map
        num_outs=5),  # The number of output scales
    rpn_head=dict(
        type='RPNHead',  # The type of RPN head is 'RPNHead', we also support 'GARPNHead', etc. Refer to https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmdetection/blob/master/mmdet/models/dense_heads/rpn_head.py#L12 for more details.
        in_channels=256,  # The input channels of each input feature map, this is consistent with the output channels of neck
        feat_channels=256,  # Feature channels of convolutional layers in the head.
        anchor_generator=dict(  # The config of anchor generator
            type='AnchorGenerator',  # Most of methods use AnchorGenerator, SSD Detectors uses `SSDAnchorGenerator`. Refer to https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmdetection/blob/master/mmdet/core/anchor/anchor_generator.py#L10 for more details
            scales=[8],  # Basic scale of the anchor, the area of the anchor in one position of a feature map will be scale * base_sizes
            ratios=[0.5, 1.0, 2.0],  # The ratio between height and width.
            strides=[4, 8, 16, 32, 64]),  # The strides of the anchor generator. This is consistent with the FPN feature strides. The strides will be taken as base_sizes if base_sizes is not set.
        bbox_coder=dict(  # Config of box coder to encode and decode the boxes during training and testing
            type='DeltaXYWHBBoxCoder',  # Type of box coder. 'DeltaXYWHBBoxCoder' is applied for most of methods. Refer to https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmdetection/blob/master/mmdet/core/bbox/coder/delta_xywh_bbox_coder.py#L9 for more details.
            target_means=[0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0],  # The target means used to encode and decode boxes
            target_stds=[1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0]),  # The standard variance used to encode and decode boxes
        loss_cls=dict(  # Config of loss function for the classification branch
            type='CrossEntropyLoss',  # Type of loss for classification branch, we also support FocalLoss etc.
            use_sigmoid=True,  # RPN usually perform two-class classification, so it usually uses sigmoid function.
            loss_weight=1.0),  # Loss weight of the classification branch.
        loss_bbox=dict(  # Config of loss function for the regression branch.
            type='L1Loss',  # Type of loss, we also support many IoU Losses and smooth L1-loss, etc. Refer to https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmdetection/blob/master/mmdet/models/losses/smooth_l1_loss.py#L56 for implementation.
            loss_weight=1.0)),  # Loss weight of the regression branch.
    roi_head=dict(  # RoIHead encapsulates the second stage of two-stage/cascade detectors.
        type='StandardRoIHead',  # Type of the RoI head. Refer to https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmdetection/blob/master/mmdet/models/roi_heads/standard_roi_head.py#L10 for implementation.
        bbox_roi_extractor=dict(  # RoI feature extractor for bbox regression.
            type='SingleRoIExtractor',  # Type of the RoI feature extractor, most of methods uses SingleRoIExtractor. Refer to https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmdetection/blob/master/mmdet/models/roi_heads/roi_extractors/single_level.py#L10 for details.
            roi_layer=dict(  # Config of RoI Layer
                type='RoIAlign',  # Type of RoI Layer, DeformRoIPoolingPack and ModulatedDeformRoIPoolingPack are also supported. Refer to https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmdetection/blob/master/mmdet/ops/roi_align/roi_align.py#L79 for details.
                output_size=7,  # The output size of feature maps.
                sampling_ratio=0),  # Sampling ratio when extracting the RoI features. 0 means adaptive ratio.
            out_channels=256,  # output channels of the extracted feature.
            featmap_strides=[4, 8, 16, 32]),  # Strides of multi-scale feature maps. It should be consistent to the architecture of the backbone.
        bbox_head=dict(  # Config of box head in the RoIHead.
            type='Shared2FCBBoxHead',  # Type of the bbox head, Refer to https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmdetection/blob/master/mmdet/models/roi_heads/bbox_heads/convfc_bbox_head.py#L177 for implementation details.
            in_channels=256,  # Input channels for bbox head. This is consistent with the out_channels in roi_extractor
            fc_out_channels=1024,  # Output feature channels of FC layers.
            roi_feat_size=7,  # Size of RoI features
            num_classes=80,  # Number of classes for classification
            bbox_coder=dict(  # Box coder used in the second stage.
                type='DeltaXYWHBBoxCoder',  # Type of box coder. 'DeltaXYWHBBoxCoder' is applied for most of methods.
                target_means=[0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0],  # Means used to encode and decode box
                target_stds=[0.1, 0.1, 0.2, 0.2]),  # Standard variance for encoding and decoding. It is smaller since the boxes are more accurate. [0.1, 0.1, 0.2, 0.2] is a conventional setting.
            reg_class_agnostic=False,  # Whether the regression is class agnostic.
            loss_cls=dict(  # Config of loss function for the classification branch
                type='CrossEntropyLoss',  # Type of loss for classification branch, we also support FocalLoss etc.
                use_sigmoid=False,  # Whether to use sigmoid.
                loss_weight=1.0),  # Loss weight of the classification branch.
            loss_bbox=dict(  # Config of loss function for the regression branch.
                type='L1Loss',  # Type of loss, we also support many IoU Losses and smooth L1-loss, etc.
                loss_weight=1.0)),  # Loss weight of the regression branch.
        mask_roi_extractor=dict(  # RoI feature extractor for bbox regression.
            type='SingleRoIExtractor',  # Type of the RoI feature extractor, most of methods uses SingleRoIExtractor.
            roi_layer=dict(  # Config of RoI Layer that extracts features for instance segmentation
                type='RoIAlign',  # Type of RoI Layer, DeformRoIPoolingPack and ModulatedDeformRoIPoolingPack are also supported
                output_size=14,  # The output size of feature maps.
                sampling_ratio=0),  # Sampling ratio when extracting the RoI features.
            out_channels=256,  # Output channels of the extracted feature.
            featmap_strides=[4, 8, 16, 32]),  # Strides of multi-scale feature maps.
        mask_head=dict(  # Mask prediction head
            type='FCNMaskHead',  # Type of mask head, refer to https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmdetection/blob/master/mmdet/models/roi_heads/mask_heads/fcn_mask_head.py#L21 for implementation details.
            num_convs=4,  # Number of convolutional layers in mask head.
            in_channels=256,  # Input channels, should be consistent with the output channels of mask roi extractor.
            conv_out_channels=256,  # Output channels of the convolutional layer.
            num_classes=80,  # Number of class to be segmented.
            loss_mask=dict(  # Config of loss function for the mask branch.
                type='CrossEntropyLoss',  # Type of loss used for segmentation
                use_mask=True,  # Whether to only train the mask in the correct class.
                loss_weight=1.0))))  # Loss weight of mask branch.
train_cfg = dict(  # Config of training hyperparameters for rpn and rcnn
    rpn=dict(  # Training config of rpn
        assigner=dict(  # Config of assigner
            type='MaxIoUAssigner',  # Type of assigner, MaxIoUAssigner is used for many common detectors. Refer to https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmdetection/blob/master/mmdet/core/bbox/assigners/max_iou_assigner.py#L10 for more details.
            pos_iou_thr=0.7,  # IoU >= threshold 0.7 will be taken as positive samples
            neg_iou_thr=0.3,  # IoU < threshold 0.3 will be taken as negative samples
            min_pos_iou=0.3,  # The minimal IoU threshold to take boxes as positive samples
            match_low_quality=True,  # Whether to match the boxes under low quality (see API doc for more details).
            ignore_iof_thr=-1),  # IoF threshold for ignoring bboxes
        sampler=dict(  # Config of positive/negative sampler
            type='RandomSampler',  # Type of sampler, PseudoSampler and other samplers are also supported. Refer to https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmdetection/blob/master/mmdet/core/bbox/samplers/random_sampler.py#L8 for implementation details.
            num=256,  # Number of samples
            pos_fraction=0.5,  # The ratio of positive samples in the total samples.
            neg_pos_ub=-1,  # The upper bound of negative samples based on the number of positive samples.
            add_gt_as_proposals=False),  # Whether add GT as proposals after sampling.
        allowed_border=-1,  # The border allowed after padding for valid anchors.
        pos_weight=-1,  # The weight of positive samples during training.
        debug=False),  # Whether to set the debug mode
    rpn_proposal=dict(  # The config to generate proposals during training
        nms_across_levels=False,  # Whether to do NMS for boxes across levels
        nms_pre=2000,  # The number of boxes before NMS
        nms_post=1000,  # The number of boxes to be kept by NMS
        max_num=1000,  # The number of boxes to be used after NMS
        nms_thr=0.7,  # The threshold to be used during NMS
        min_bbox_size=0),  # The allowed minimal box size
    rcnn=dict(  # The config for the roi heads.
        assigner=dict(  # Config of assigner for second stage, this is different for that in rpn
            type='MaxIoUAssigner',  # Type of assigner, MaxIoUAssigner is used for all roi_heads for now. Refer to https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmdetection/blob/master/mmdet/core/bbox/assigners/max_iou_assigner.py#L10 for more details.
            pos_iou_thr=0.5,  # IoU >= threshold 0.5 will be taken as positive samples
            neg_iou_thr=0.5,  # IoU >= threshold 0.5 will be taken as positive samples
            min_pos_iou=0.5,  # The minimal IoU threshold to take boxes as positive samples
            match_low_quality=False,  # Whether to match the boxes under low quality (see API doc for more details).
            ignore_iof_thr=-1),  # IoF threshold for ignoring bboxes
        sampler=dict(
            type='RandomSampler',  # Type of sampler, PseudoSampler and other samplers are also supported. Refer to https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmdetection/blob/master/mmdet/core/bbox/samplers/random_sampler.py#L8 for implementation details.
            num=512,  # Number of samples
            pos_fraction=0.25,  # The ratio of positive samples in the total samples.
            neg_pos_ub=-1,  # The upper bound of negative samples based on the number of positive samples.
            add_gt_as_proposals=True
        ),  # Whether add GT as proposals after sampling.
        mask_size=28,  # Size of mask
        pos_weight=-1,  # The weight of positive samples during training.
        debug=False))  # Whether to set the debug mode
test_cfg = dict(  # Config for testing hyperparameters for rpn and rcnn
    rpn=dict(  # The config to generate proposals during testing
        nms_across_levels=False,  # Whether to do NMS for boxes across levels
        nms_pre=1000,  # The number of boxes before NMS
        nms_post=1000,  # The number of boxes to be kept by NMS
        max_num=1000,  # The number of boxes to be used after NMS
        nms_thr=0.7,  # The threshold to be used during NMS
        min_bbox_size=0),  # The allowed minimal box size
    rcnn=dict(  # The config for the roi heads.
        score_thr=0.05,  # Threshold to filter out boxes
        nms=dict(  # Config of nms in the second stage
            type='nms',  # Type of nms
            iou_thr=0.5),  # NMS threshold
        max_per_img=100,  # Max number of detections of each image
        mask_thr_binary=0.5))  # Threshold of mask prediction
dataset_type = 'CocoDataset'  # Dataset type, this will be used to define the dataset
data_root = 'data/coco/'  # Root path of data
img_norm_cfg = dict(  # Image normalization config to normalize the input images
    mean=[123.675, 116.28, 103.53],  # Mean values used to pre-training the pre-trained backbone models
    std=[58.395, 57.12, 57.375],  # Standard variance used to pre-training the pre-trained backbone models
    to_rgb=True
)  # The channel orders of image used to pre-training the pre-trained backbone models
train_pipeline = [  # Training pipeline
    dict(type='LoadImageFromFile'),  # First pipeline to load images from file path
    dict(
        type='LoadAnnotations',  # Second pipeline to load annotations for current image
        with_bbox=True,  # Whether to use bounding box, True for detection
        with_mask=True,  # Whether to use instance mask, True for instance segmentation
        poly2mask=False),  # Whether to convert the polygon mask to instance mask, set False for acceleration and to save memory
    dict(
        type='Resize',  # Augmentation pipeline that resize the images and their annotations
        img_scale=(1333, 800),  # The largest scale of image
        keep_ratio=True
    ),  # whether to keep the ratio between height and width.
    dict(
        type='RandomFlip',  # Augmentation pipeline that flip the images and their annotations
        flip_ratio=0.5),  # The ratio or probability to flip
    dict(
        type='Normalize',  # Augmentation pipeline that normalize the input images
        mean=[123.675, 116.28, 103.53],  # These keys are the same of img_norm_cfg since the
        std=[58.395, 57.12, 57.375],  # keys of img_norm_cfg are used here as arguments
        to_rgb=True),
    dict(
        type='Pad',  # Padding config
        size_divisor=32),  # The number the padded images should be divisible
    dict(type='DefaultFormatBundle'),  # Default format bundle to gather data in the pipeline
    dict(
        type='Collect',  # Pipeline that decides which keys in the data should be passed to the detector
        keys=['img', 'gt_bboxes', 'gt_labels', 'gt_masks'])
]
test_pipeline = [
    dict(type='LoadImageFromFile'),  # First pipeline to load images from file path
    dict(
        type='MultiScaleFlipAug',  # An encapsulation that encapsulates the testing augmentations
        img_scale=(1333, 800),  # Decides the largest scale for testing, used for the Resize pipeline
        flip=False,  # Whether to flip images during testing
        transforms=[
            dict(type='Resize',  # Use resize augmentation
                 keep_ratio=True),  # Whether to keep the ratio between height and width, the img_scale set here will be supressed by the img_scale set above.
            dict(type='RandomFlip'),  # Thought RandomFlip is added in pipeline, it is not used because flip=False
            dict(
                type='Normalize',  # Normalization config, the values are from img_norm_cfg
                mean=[123.675, 116.28, 103.53],
                std=[58.395, 57.12, 57.375],
                to_rgb=True),
            dict(
                type='Pad',  # Padding config to pad images divisable by 32.
                size_divisor=32),
            dict(
                type='ImageToTensor',  # convert image to tensor
                keys=['img']),
            dict(
                type='Collect',  # Collect pipeline that collect necessary keys for testing.
                keys=['img'])
        ])
]
data = dict(
    samples_per_gpu=2,  # Batch size of a single GPU
    workers_per_gpu=2,  # Worker to pre-fetch data for each single GPU
    train=dict(  # Train dataset config
        type='CocoDataset',  # Type of dataset, refer to https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmdetection/blob/master/mmdet/datasets/coco.py#L19 for details.
        ann_file='data/coco/annotations/instances_train2017.json',  # Path of annotation file
        img_prefix='data/coco/train2017/',  # Prefix of image path
        pipeline=[  # pipeline, this is passed by the train_pipeline created before.
            dict(type='LoadImageFromFile'),
            dict(
                type='LoadAnnotations',
                with_bbox=True,
                with_mask=True,
                poly2mask=False),
            dict(type='Resize', img_scale=(1333, 800), keep_ratio=True),
            dict(type='RandomFlip', flip_ratio=0.5),
            dict(
                type='Normalize',
                mean=[123.675, 116.28, 103.53],
                std=[58.395, 57.12, 57.375],
                to_rgb=True),
            dict(type='Pad', size_divisor=32),
            dict(type='DefaultFormatBundle'),
            dict(
                type='Collect',
                keys=['img', 'gt_bboxes', 'gt_labels', 'gt_masks'])
        ]),
    val=dict(  # Validation dataset config
        type='CocoDataset',
        ann_file='data/coco/annotations/instances_val2017.json',
        img_prefix='data/coco/val2017/',
        pipeline=[  # Pipeline is passed by test_pipeline created before
            dict(type='LoadImageFromFile'),
            dict(
                type='MultiScaleFlipAug',
                img_scale=(1333, 800),
                flip=False,
                transforms=[
                    dict(type='Resize', keep_ratio=True),
                    dict(type='RandomFlip'),
                    dict(
                        type='Normalize',
                        mean=[123.675, 116.28, 103.53],
                        std=[58.395, 57.12, 57.375],
                        to_rgb=True),
                    dict(type='Pad', size_divisor=32),
                    dict(type='ImageToTensor', keys=['img']),
                    dict(type='Collect', keys=['img'])
                ])
        ]),
    test=dict(  # Test dataset config, modify the ann_file for test-dev/test submission
        type='CocoDataset',
        ann_file='data/coco/annotations/instances_val2017.json',
        img_prefix='data/coco/val2017/',
        pipeline=[  # Pipeline is passed by test_pipeline created before
            dict(type='LoadImageFromFile'),
            dict(
                type='MultiScaleFlipAug',
                img_scale=(1333, 800),
                flip=False,
                transforms=[
                    dict(type='Resize', keep_ratio=True),
                    dict(type='RandomFlip'),
                    dict(
                        type='Normalize',
                        mean=[123.675, 116.28, 103.53],
                        std=[58.395, 57.12, 57.375],
                        to_rgb=True),
                    dict(type='Pad', size_divisor=32),
                    dict(type='ImageToTensor', keys=['img']),
                    dict(type='Collect', keys=['img'])
                ])
        ],
        samples_per_gpu=2  # Batch size of a single GPU used in testing
        ))
evaluation = dict(  # The config to build the evaluation hook, refer to https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmdetection/blob/master/mmdet/core/evaluation/eval_hooks.py#L7 for more details.
    interval=1,  # Evaluation interval
    metric=['bbox', 'segm'])  # Metrics used during evaluation
optimizer = dict(  # Config used to build optimizer, support all the optimizers in PyTorch whose arguments are also the same as those in PyTorch
    type='SGD',  # Type of optimizers, refer to https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmdetection/blob/master/mmdet/core/optimizer/default_constructor.py#L13 for more details
    lr=0.02,  # Learning rate of optimizers, see detail usages of the parameters in the documentaion of PyTorch
    momentum=0.9,  # Momentum
    weight_decay=0.0001)  # Weight decay of SGD
optimizer_config = dict(  # Config used to build the optimizer hook, refer to https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmcv/blob/master/mmcv/runner/hooks/optimizer.py#L8 for implementation details.
    grad_clip=None)  # Most of the methods do not use gradient clip
lr_config = dict(  # Learning rate scheduler config used to register LrUpdater hook
    policy='step',  # The policy of scheduler, also support CosineAnnealing, Cyclic, etc. Refer to details of supported LrUpdater from https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmcv/blob/master/mmcv/runner/hooks/lr_updater.py#L9.
    warmup='linear',  # The warmup policy, also support `exp` and `constant`.
    warmup_iters=500,  # The number of iterations for warmup
    warmup_ratio=
    0.001,  # The ratio of the starting learning rate used for warmup
    step=[8, 11])  # Steps to decay the learning rate
total_epochs = 12  # Total epochs to train the model
checkpoint_config = dict(  # Config to set the checkpoint hook, Refer to https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmcv/blob/master/mmcv/runner/hooks/checkpoint.py for implementation.
    interval=1)  # The save interval is 1
log_config = dict(  # config to register logger hook
    interval=50,  # Interval to print the log
    hooks=[
        # dict(type='TensorboardLoggerHook')  # The Tensorboard logger is also supported
        dict(type='TextLoggerHook')
    ])  # The logger used to record the training process.
dist_params = dict(backend='nccl')  # Parameters to setup distributed training, the port can also be set.
log_level = 'INFO'  # The level of logging.
load_from = None  # load models as a pre-trained model from a given path. This will not resume training.
resume_from = None  # Resume checkpoints from a given path, the training will be resumed from the epoch when the checkpoint's is saved.
workflow = [('train', 1)]  # Workflow for runner. [('train', 1)] means there is only one workflow and the workflow named 'train' is executed once. The workflow trains the model by 12 epochs according to the total_epochs.
work_dir = 'work_dir'  # Directory to save the model checkpoints and logs for the current experiments.