按键实现的三种方式
-
查询——消耗CPU资源
-
中断——read会休眠,唤醒,但是不会返回
-
poll——需要指定超时时间
一、查询方式
代码实现
传出4个字节的数组,分别表示4个按键的当前状态
static ssize_t _drv_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
unsigned char state[4] = {0}
int reg_f = *GPIOF_DAT;
//GPIOF0
state[0] = (reg_f & (1<<0)) ? 1 : 0;
//GPIOF2
state[1] = (reg_f & (1<<2)) ? 1 : 0;
int reg_g = *GPIOG_DAT;
//GPIOF0
state[2] = (reg_g & (1<<3)) ? 1 : 0;
//GPIOF2
state[3] = (reg_g & (1<<11)) ? 1 : 0;
copy_to_user(buf, state, sizeof(state));
return sizeof(state);
}
测试代码
程序将会移植查询引脚的序号,高度占据CPU资源
int main(void)
{
printf("Read Button\n");
int fd = open("/dev/button", O_RDWR);
if(fd < 0)
return 1;
int val = 1;
while(1)
{
unsigned char key[4] = {0};
read(fd, key, sizeof(key));
printf("KEY: %d, %d, %d, %d\n", key[0], key[1], key[2], key[3]);
}
return 0;
}
二、中断方式
Linux中的中断框架
按下按键
1、CPU进入异常模式
2、进入 __isq_user
3、调用 arm_do_IRQ
4、调用结构体 irq_desc [ IRQ ] -> handle_irq
5、调用 handle_edge_irq
desc->chio->ask
handle_IRQ_event
执行action->handler(这个将由用户注册的处理函数)
代码实现
步骤一、绑定并实现中断服务函数 ISR
static unsigned int _pin_list[4] = {S3C2410_GPF0,
S3C2410_GPF2,
S3C2410_GPG3,
S3C2410_GPG11};
static int _drv_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
//绑定中断ISR
request_irq(IRQ_EINT0, _button_isr, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S2", &_pin_list[0]);
request_irq(IRQ_EINT2, _button_isr, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S3", &_pin_list[1]);
request_irq(IRQ_EINT11, _button_isr, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S4", &_pin_list[2]);
request_irq(IRQ_EINT19, _button_isr, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S5", &_pin_list[3]);
return 0;
}
// 中断服务函数 ISR
static irqreturn_t _button_isr(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
。。。。
return IRQ_RETVAL(IRQ_HANDLED);
}
步骤二、创建等待队列
static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(_btn_queue);
static ssize_t _drv_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
if (size != 1)
return -EINVAL;
/* 如果没有按键动作, 休眠 */
wait_event_interruptible(_btn_queue, _isr_flag);
/* 如果有按键动作, 返回键值 */
copy_to_user(buf, &_state, 1);
_isr_flag = 0;
return 1;
}
// 中断服务函数 ISR
static irqreturn_t _button_isr(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
。。。
//标志位置一
_isr_flag = 1;
//唤醒休眠的进程
wake_up_interruptible(&_btn_queue);
return IRQ_RETVAL(IRQ_HANDLED);
}
步骤三、退出释放中断
static int _drv_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
free_irq(IRQ_EINT0, &_pin_list[0]);
free_irq(IRQ_EINT2, &_pin_list[1]);
free_irq(IRQ_EINT11, &_pin_list[2]);
free_irq(IRQ_EINT19, &_pin_list[3]);
return 0;
}
测试代码
int main(void)
{
printf("ISR Button!!\n");
int fd = open("/dev/button", O_RDWR);
if(fd < 0)
return 1;
int val = 1;
while(1)
{
unsigned char key= {0};
read(fd, &key, 1);
printf("KEY: 0x%02X\n", key);
}
return 0;
}
三、Poll方式
驱动代码实现
在中断方式的基础上修改
添加drv_poll函数
static struct file_operations _drv_fops = {
。。。
.poll = _drv_poll,
};
static unsigned _drv_poll(struct file *file, poll_table *wait)
{
unsigned int mask = 0;
poll_wait(file, &_btn_queue, wait);
if (_state)
mask |= POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;
return mask;
}
测试代码
#include <poll.h>
int main(void)
{
printf("Poll Button!!\n");
int fd = open("/dev/button", O_RDWR);
if(fd < 0)
return 1;
struct pollfd fds;
while(1)
{
if (poll(&fds, 1, 5000) == 0) //5秒
{
printf("time out\n");
}
else
{
unsigned char key= 0;
read(fd, &key, 1);
printf("KEY: 0x%02X\n", key);
}
}
return 0;
}