鸿蒙NEXT开发实战往期必看文章:
HarmonyOS NEXT应用开发案例实践总结合(持续更新......)
HarmonyOS NEXT应用开发性能优化实践总结(持续更新......)
一分钟了解”纯血版!鸿蒙HarmonyOS Next应用开发!
“非常详细的” 鸿蒙HarmonyOS Next应用开发学习路线!(从零基础入门到精通)
AudioCapturer是音频采集器,用于录制PCM(Pulse Code Modulation)音频数据,适合有音频开发经验的开发者实现更灵活的录制功能。
开发指导
使用AudioCapturer录制音频涉及到AudioCapturer实例的创建、音频采集参数的配置、采集的开始与停止、资源的释放等。本开发指导将以一次录制音频数据的过程为例,向开发者讲解如何使用AudioCapturer进行音频录制,建议搭配AudioCapturer的API说明阅读。
下图展示了AudioCapturer的状态变化,在创建实例后,调用对应的方法可以进入指定的状态实现对应的行为。需要注意的是在确定的状态执行不合适的方法可能导致AudioCapturer发生错误,建议开发者在调用状态转换的方法前进行状态检查,避免程序运行产生预期以外的结果。
图1 AudioCapturer状态变化示意图
使用on('stateChange')方法可以监听AudioCapturer的状态变化,每个状态对应值与说明见AudioState。
开发步骤及注意事项
-
配置音频采集参数并创建AudioCapturer实例,音频采集参数的详细信息可以查看AudioCapturerOptions。
说明
当设置Mic音频源(即SourceType为SOURCE_TYPE_MIC)时,需要申请麦克风权限ohos.permission.MICROPHONE,申请方式参考:向用户申请授权。
import { audio } from '@kit.AudioKit'; let audioStreamInfo: audio.AudioStreamInfo = { samplingRate: audio.AudioSamplingRate.SAMPLE_RATE_48000, // 采样率 channels: audio.AudioChannel.CHANNEL_2, // 通道 sampleFormat: audio.AudioSampleFormat.SAMPLE_FORMAT_S16LE, // 采样格式 encodingType: audio.AudioEncodingType.ENCODING_TYPE_RAW // 编码格式 }; let audioCapturerInfo: audio.AudioCapturerInfo = { source: audio.SourceType.SOURCE_TYPE_MIC, capturerFlags: 0 }; let audioCapturerOptions: audio.AudioCapturerOptions = { streamInfo: audioStreamInfo, capturerInfo: audioCapturerInfo }; audio.createAudioCapturer(audioCapturerOptions, (err, data) => { if (err) { console.error(`Invoke createAudioCapturer failed, code is ${err.code}, message is ${err.message}`); } else { console.info('Invoke createAudioCapturer succeeded.'); let audioCapturer = data; } });
-
调用on('readData')方法,订阅监听音频数据读入回调。
import { BusinessError } from '@kit.BasicServicesKit'; import { fileIo } from '@kit.CoreFileKit'; let bufferSize: number = 0; class Options { offset?: number; length?: number; } let path = getContext().cacheDir; let filePath = path + '/StarWars10s-2C-48000-4SW.pcm'; let file: fileIo.File = fileIo.openSync(filePath, fileIo.OpenMode.READ_WRITE | fileIo.OpenMode.CREATE); let readDataCallback = (buffer: ArrayBuffer) => { let options: Options = { offset: bufferSize, length: buffer.byteLength } fileIo.writeSync(file.fd, buffer, options); bufferSize += buffer.byteLength; } audioCapturer.on('readData', readDataCallback);
-
调用start()方法进入running状态,开始录制音频。
import { BusinessError } from '@kit.BasicServicesKit'; audioCapturer.start((err: BusinessError) => { if (err) { console.error(`Capturer start failed, code is ${err.code}, message is ${err.message}`); } else { console.info('Capturer start success.'); } });
-
调用stop()方法停止录制。
import { BusinessError } from '@kit.BasicServicesKit'; audioCapturer.stop((err: BusinessError) => { if (err) { console.error(`Capturer stop failed, code is ${err.code}, message is ${err.message}`); } else { console.info('Capturer stopped.'); } });
-
调用release()方法销毁实例,释放资源。
import { BusinessError } from '@kit.BasicServicesKit'; audioCapturer.release((err: BusinessError) => { if (err) { console.error(`capturer release failed, code is ${err.code}, message is ${err.message}`); } else { console.info('capturer released.'); } });
完整示例
下面展示了使用AudioCapturer录制音频的完整示例代码。
import { audio } from '@kit.AudioKit';
import { BusinessError } from '@kit.BasicServicesKit';
import { fileIo } from '@kit.CoreFileKit';
const TAG = 'AudioCapturerDemo';
class Options {
offset?: number;
length?: number;
}
let context = getContext(this);
let bufferSize: number = 0;
let audioCapturer: audio.AudioCapturer | undefined = undefined;
let audioStreamInfo: audio.AudioStreamInfo = {
samplingRate: audio.AudioSamplingRate.SAMPLE_RATE_48000, // 采样率
channels: audio.AudioChannel.CHANNEL_2, // 通道
sampleFormat: audio.AudioSampleFormat.SAMPLE_FORMAT_S16LE, // 采样格式
encodingType: audio.AudioEncodingType.ENCODING_TYPE_RAW // 编码格式
}
let audioCapturerInfo: audio.AudioCapturerInfo = {
source: audio.SourceType.SOURCE_TYPE_MIC, // 音源类型
capturerFlags: 0 // 音频采集器标志
}
let audioCapturerOptions: audio.AudioCapturerOptions = {
streamInfo: audioStreamInfo,
capturerInfo: audioCapturerInfo
}
let path = getContext().cacheDir;
let filePath = path + '/StarWars10s-2C-48000-4SW.pcm';
let file: fileIo.File = fileIo.openSync(filePath, fileIo.OpenMode.READ_WRITE | fileIo.OpenMode.CREATE);
let readDataCallback = (buffer: ArrayBuffer) => {
let options: Options = {
offset: bufferSize,
length: buffer.byteLength
}
fileIo.writeSync(file.fd, buffer, options);
bufferSize += buffer.byteLength;
}
// 初始化,创建实例,设置监听事件
function init() {
audio.createAudioCapturer(audioCapturerOptions, (err, capturer) => { // 创建AudioCapturer实例
if (err) {
console.error(`Invoke createAudioCapturer failed, code is ${err.code}, message is ${err.message}`);
return;
}
console.info(`${TAG}: create AudioCapturer success`);
audioCapturer = capturer;
if (audioCapturer !== undefined) {
(audioCapturer as audio.AudioCapturer).on('readData', readDataCallback);
}
});
}
// 开始一次音频采集
function start() {
if (audioCapturer !== undefined) {
let stateGroup = [audio.AudioState.STATE_PREPARED, audio.AudioState.STATE_PAUSED, audio.AudioState.STATE_STOPPED];
if (stateGroup.indexOf((audioCapturer as audio.AudioCapturer).state.valueOf()) === -1) { // 当且仅当状态为STATE_PREPARED、STATE_PAUSED和STATE_STOPPED之一时才能启动采集
console.error(`${TAG}: start failed`);
return;
}
// 启动采集
(audioCapturer as audio.AudioCapturer).start((err: BusinessError) => {
if (err) {
console.error('Capturer start failed.');
} else {
console.info('Capturer start success.');
}
});
}
}
// 停止采集
function stop() {
if (audioCapturer !== undefined) {
// 只有采集器状态为STATE_RUNNING或STATE_PAUSED的时候才可以停止
if ((audioCapturer as audio.AudioCapturer).state.valueOf() !== audio.AudioState.STATE_RUNNING && (audioCapturer as audio.AudioCapturer).state.valueOf() !== audio.AudioState.STATE_PAUSED) {
console.info('Capturer is not running or paused');
return;
}
//停止采集
(audioCapturer as audio.AudioCapturer).stop((err: BusinessError) => {
if (err) {
console.error('Capturer stop failed.');
} else {
fileIo.close(file);
console.info('Capturer stop success.');
}
});
}
}
// 销毁实例,释放资源
function release() {
if (audioCapturer !== undefined) {
// 采集器状态不是STATE_RELEASED或STATE_NEW状态,才能release
if ((audioCapturer as audio.AudioCapturer).state.valueOf() === audio.AudioState.STATE_RELEASED || (audioCapturer as audio.AudioCapturer).state.valueOf() === audio.AudioState.STATE_NEW) {
console.info('Capturer already released');
return;
}
//释放资源
(audioCapturer as audio.AudioCapturer).release((err: BusinessError) => {
if (err) {
console.error('Capturer release failed.');
} else {
console.info('Capturer release success.');
}
});
}
}
最后
小编在之前的鸿蒙系统扫盲中,有很多朋友给我留言,不同的角度的问了一些问题,我明显感觉到一点,那就是许多人参与鸿蒙开发,但是又不知道从哪里下手,因为资料太多,太杂,无从选择。有很多小伙伴不知道学习哪些鸿蒙开发技术?不知道需要重点掌握哪些鸿蒙应用开发知识点?而且学习时频繁踩坑,最终浪费大量时间。所以有一份实用的鸿蒙(HarmonyOS NEXT)文档用来跟着学习是非常有必要的。
如果你是一名有经验的资深Android移动开发、Java开发、前端开发、对鸿蒙感兴趣以及转行人员
→ 鸿蒙HarmonyOS Next 全栈开发学习笔记 希望这一份鸿蒙学习文档能够给大家带来帮助~
这份鸿蒙(HarmonyOS NEXT)包含了鸿蒙开发必掌握的核心知识要点,内容包含了(ArkTS、ArkUI开发组件、Stage模型、多端部署、分布式应用开发、音频、视频、WebGL、OpenHarmony多媒体技术、Napi组件、OpenHarmony内核、(南向驱动、嵌入式等)鸿蒙项目实战等等)鸿蒙(HarmonyOS NEXT)技术知识点。