参数 | 符号 | 公式 |
---|---|---|
样本量或总体量 | n | |
样本均值 | X ˉ \bar{X} Xˉ | X ˉ = ∑ i = 1 n x i n \bar{X}=\frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n}x_{i}}{n} Xˉ=n∑i=1nxi |
样本方差 | S2 | S 2 = ∑ i = 1 n ( x i − x ˉ ) 2 n − 1 S^2 = \frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n}(x_i-\bar{x})^{2}}{n-1} S2=n−1∑i=1n(xi−xˉ)2 |
样本标准差 | S | S = ∑ i = 1 n ( x i − x ˉ ) 2 n − 1 S = \sqrt{\frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n}(x_i-\bar{x})^{2}}{n-1}} S=n−1∑i=1n(xi−xˉ)2 |
样本标准误差(SE) | S X ˉ S _{\bar{X}} SXˉ | S X ˉ = S n S _{\bar{X}} = \frac{S }{\sqrt{n}} SXˉ=nS |
样本相关性系数 | r | 见表下公式 |
总体均值 | μ | μ = ∑ i = 1 n x i n μ=\frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n}x_{i}}{n} μ=n∑i=1nxi |
总体标准差 | σ | σ = ∑ i = 1 n ( x i − μ ) 2 n \sigma = \sqrt{\frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n}(x_i-μ)^{2}}{n}} σ=n∑i=1n(xi−μ)2 |
总体方差 | σ2 | σ = ∑ i = 1 n ( x i − x ˉ ) 2 n \sigma = \frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n}(x_i-\bar{x})^{2}}{n} σ=n∑i=1n(xi−xˉ)2 |
总体相关性系数 | p | |
总体标准误差(SE) | σ X ˉ \sigma _{\bar{X}} σXˉ | σ X ˉ = σ n \sigma _{\bar{X}} = \frac{\sigma }{\sqrt{n}} σXˉ=nσ |
统计量Z(U) | Z(U) | Z ( U ) = X ˉ − μ σ n ∼ N ( 0 , 1 ) Z(U) = \frac{\bar{X}-\mu }{\sigma}\sqrt{n}\sim N(0,1) Z(U)=σXˉ−μn∼N(0,1) |
统计量T | T | T = X ˉ − μ S n ∼ t ( 0 − 1 ) T = \frac{\bar{X}-\mu }{S}\sqrt{n}\sim t(0-1) T=SXˉ−μn∼t(0−1) |
卡方 | χ 2 \chi ^{2} χ2 | χ 2 = ( n − 1 ) S 2 σ 2 ∼ χ 2 ( n − 1 ) \chi ^{2} = \frac{(n-1)S^{2} }{\sigma ^{2}}\sim \chi ^{2}(n-1) χ2=σ2(n−1)S2∼χ2(n−1) |
显著性水平 | α | 0.05 |
样本相关性系数 r ( X , Y ) = C o v ( X , Y ) V a r ∣ X ∣ V a r ∣ Y ∣ r(X,Y) = \frac{Cov(X,Y)}{\sqrt{Var\left | X \right |Var\left | Y \right |}} r(X,Y)=Var∣X∣Var∣Y∣Cov(X,Y)