今天使用的是某宝上卖的stm32f103c8t6最小系统板作为实验开发板,我们知道类似的模块一般在USB处没有设计USB转串口模块,因此我们一般使用stm32的串口需要额外使用ch340的串口模块才能完成实体串口通信,那么STM32自带的有USB虚拟串口功能。下面我们就来实现虚拟串口,首先打开cubemx生成基础代码。
首先选择外部晶振作为时钟源
开启SWD调试的引脚
开启USB,参数保持默认不修改。
接着选择USB设备为虚拟串口
时钟树的配置如下
然后就可以生成代码,为了方便观察现象,我们希望通过串口打印处一些波形数据,使用VOFO+进行波形的查看。下面是提供两个在main函数中写的函数波形。可以直接复制main.c代码到工程中编译即可。
main.c
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file : main.c
* @brief : Main program body
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* Copyright (c) 2024 STMicroelectronics.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
* in the root directory of this software component.
* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "usb_device.h"
#include "gpio.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "usbd_cdc_if.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */
/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
/* USER CODE END PTD */
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD */
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
/* USER CODE END PM */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
/* USER CODE END PV */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
/* USER CODE END PFP */
/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
typedef union
{
float v_f;
uint8_t v_u8[4];
}TypedefVofa;
TypedefVofa sendarray[3];
float cnt,cnt1;
/* USER CODE END 0 */
/**
* @brief The application entry point.
* @retval int
*/
int main(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
uint8_t state;
sendarray[2].v_u8[0]=0x00;
sendarray[2].v_u8[1]=0x00;
sendarray[2].v_u8[2]=0x80;
sendarray[2].v_u8[3]=0x7f;
/* USER CODE END 1 */
/* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
HAL_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
/* USER CODE END Init */
/* Configure the system clock */
SystemClock_Config();
/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
/* USER CODE END SysInit */
/* Initialize all configured peripherals */
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_USB_DEVICE_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
// unsigned char buff[10]={"abcd"};
/* USER CODE END 2 */
/* Infinite loop */
/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
while (1)
{
// CDC_Transmit_FS (buff,sizeof(buff));
HAL_Delay(1);
cnt = cnt + 0.1f;
cnt1 = cnt1 +0.5f;
if(cnt>20.0f)
cnt=0;
if(cnt1>50.f)
cnt1=0;
sendarray[0].v_f=cnt;
sendarray[1].v_f=cnt1;
state = CDC_Transmit_FS (&sendarray[0].v_u8[0],4*3);
/* USER CODE END WHILE */
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
}
/* USER CODE END 3 */
}
/**
* @brief System Clock Configuration
* @retval None
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
RCC_PeriphCLKInitTypeDef PeriphClkInit = {0};
/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
*/
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
*/
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
PeriphClkInit.PeriphClockSelection = RCC_PERIPHCLK_USB;
PeriphClkInit.UsbClockSelection = RCC_USBCLKSOURCE_PLL_DIV1_5;
if (HAL_RCCEx_PeriphCLKConfig(&PeriphClkInit) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
/* USER CODE END 4 */
/**
* @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
* @retval None
*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
__disable_irq();
while (1)
{
}
/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}
#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
* @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
* where the assert_param error has occurred.
* @param file: pointer to the source file name
* @param line: assert_param error line source number
* @retval None
*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
/* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
烧录代码后,将最小系统板的USB插入电脑即可弹出串口设备检测到,这就是我们模拟的虚拟串口。
接着我们打开VOFO+软件,下面图片展示的是VOFO软件的数据通信协议格式,感兴趣的可以了解一下,我们上面的代码撰写也是基于这个通信帧格式的。
串口的基本配置如下图所示,打开我们的虚拟串口即可。
选择图片控件,拖拽至右边的空白区域,如下图所示。
点击左上角连接串口,就可以看见下方串口文本区打印的字符,以及绘制出来的波形。
如果第一次使用没看见波形的小伙伴像下图操作,开启两个数据在Y轴显示即可,右键点击图标然后选择Y轴显示l0和l1。
至此虚拟串口的通信实验结束。