【时间与空间】极移矩阵

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最新推荐文章于 2023-12-19 20:46:22 发布

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极移矩阵 $W$ 完成地球中间参考系TIRS到国际地球参考系ITRS的转换。

$W=R_1(-y_P)R_2(-x_P)R_3(s')$

其中，

（1） $x_P$ 和 $y_P$ 是CIP在ITRS中极移的两个分量，可在

IERS公约中查到，如下所示

近期： $x_P$ 在0.04角秒左右； $y_P$ 在0.4角秒左右。

每周的变化量 $x_P$ 不超过0.005角秒； $y_P$ 不超过0.05角秒。

（2） $s'(t)=\int_{t_0}^{t}{(x_P\dot{y_P}-y_P\dot{x_P})dt}$

$s'$ 是一个很小的量，到22世纪不会大于 $0.4mas$ 。利用目前测量的地球的钱德拉摆动，其近似值为

$s'(t)=-47t\mu as$ ，其中t为计算时刻相对于标准历元J2000的儒略世纪数。

在SOFA的标准计算程序SP00中，如下所示：

%  - - - - - - - -
%   i a u S p 0 0
%  - - - - - - - -
%
%  The TIO locator s', positioning the Terrestrial Intermediate Origin
%  on the equator of the Celestial Intermediate Pole.
%
%  This function is part of the International Astronomical Union's
%  SOFA (Standards Of Fundamental Astronomy) software collection.
%
%  Status:  canonical model.
%
%  Given:
%     date1,date2      TT as a 2-part Julian Date (Note 1)
%
%  Returned (function value):
%                      the TIO locator s' in radians (Note 2)
%
%  Notes:
%
%  1) The TT date date1+date2 is a Julian Date, apportioned in any
%     convenient way between the two arguments.  For example,
%     JD(TT)=2450123.7 could be expressed in any of these ways,
%     among others:
%
%            date1          date2
%
%         2450123.7           0.0       (JD method)
%         2451545.0       -1421.3       (J2000 method)
%         2400000.5       50123.2       (MJD method)
%         2450123.5           0.2       (date & time method)
%
%     The JD method is the most natural and convenient to use in
%     cases where the loss of several decimal digits of resolution
%     is acceptable.  The J2000 method is best matched to the way
%     the argument is handled internally and will deliver the
%     optimum resolution.  The MJD method and the date & time methods
%     are both good compromises between resolution and convenience.
%
%  2) The TIO locator s' is obtained from polar motion observations by
%     numerical integration, and so is in essence unpredictable.
%     However, it is dominated by a secular drift of about
%     47 microarcseconds per century, which is the approximation
%     evaluated by the present function.
%
%  Reference:
%     McCarthy, D. D., Petit, G. (eds.), IERS Conventions (2003),
%     IERS Technical Note No. 32, BKG (2004)
%
%  This revision:  2008 May 24
%
%  SOFA release 2012-03-01
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
function sp = iauSp00(date1, date2)

global const

% Interval between fundamental epoch J2000.0 and current date (JC).
t = ((date1 - const.DJ00) + date2) / const.DJC;

% Approximate s'.
sp = -47e-6 * t * const.DAS2R;