pthread学习

c文件：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pthread.h>


void printfids(const char *s){
pid_t pid;
 pthread_t tid;


 pid=getpid();
 tid=pthread_self();
 printf("%s.pid=%u,tid= %u\n",s,pid,tid);
}


void * fn1(void * args){
  printfids("child thread");
  return ((void*)0);
}


void main(){

pthread_t  tid;
int err;
err=pthread_create(&tid,NULL,fn1,NULL);
if(err!=0){
  printf("fail to create thread .%s\n",strerror(err));
}
printfids("main thread");


sleep(2);
exit(0);


}

makefile文件：

thread_create : threadcreate.o
        cc -o thread_create threadcreate.o -lpthread


threadcreate.o:threadcreate.c
        cc -c threadcreate.c


这里要注意的是，由于pthread 库不是 Linux 系统默认的库，在链接的时候，需要使用静态库 libpthread.a，这就是在makefile文件中，cc -o后面带了lpthread的原因。

//互斥量同步的简单例子

  #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <pthread.h>
 
 
 struct MemUse{
   int f_count;
   pthread_mutex_t f_lock;
 };
 
 struct MemUse *fp;
 int val=0;
 
 //alloc
 struct MemUse * allocMemUse(){
 
   struct MemUse* fp;
   int err;
   fp=malloc(sizeof(struct MemUse));
   if(fp!=NULL){
      fp->f_count=0;
         err=pthread_mutex_init(&fp->f_lock,NULL);
       if(err!=0){
          printf("fail to init mutex!%s\n",strerror(err));
          free(fp);
          return NULL;
       }
    }
    return fp;
  }
  
  //hold
  void holdMemUse(struct MemUse* fp){
   pthread_mutex_lock(&fp->f_lock);
   fp->f_count++;
   pthread_mutex_unlock(&fp->f_lock);
  }
  
  
  //release
  void releMemUse(struct MemUse* fp){
                       pthread_mutex_lock(&fp->f_lock);
    fp->f_count--;
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&fp->f_lock);
  
  }
  
  
  //print
  void printInfo(struct MemUse* fp){
    printf("fp->f_count=%d\n",fp->f_count);
  }
  
  //print thread
  void printThread(const char* str){
     pid_t pid;
     pthread_t tid;
     tid=pthread_self();
     pid=getpid();
     printf("in thread,pid=%u,tid=%u,%s\n",(int)pid,(int)tid,str);
  }
//addfun
 void * addVal(void* val){
  printThread("child thread try to add val-------");
  holdMemUse(fp);
  int *loc=(int*)val;
 // sleep(2);
  *loc=*loc+1;
  releMemUse(fp);
  printf("finish add .val=%d\n",*loc);
  return ((void*)*loc);
 }
 
 void main(){
 
  printThread("main thread");
  fp=allocMemUse();
  if(fp!=NULL){
 
      holdMemUse(fp);
      printInfo(fp);
      releMemUse(fp);
  printInfo(fp);
  }
 
  int val=0;
  int i=0;
  int len=10;
  pthread_t tid[len];
  printf("initial val is %d\n",val);
  for(i=0;i<len;i++){
     pthread_create(&tid[i],NULL,addVal,&val);
     sleep(1);
     printf("mid stage,val=%d\n",val);
  }
 sleep(2);
 printf("before join ,val=%d\n",val);
  void *ret;
  for(i=0;i<len;i++){
     printf("wwwwwwwwwwwwwww   join thread:%u\n",(int)tid[i]);
     pthread_join(tid[i],&ret);
     printf("wwwwwwwwwwwwwww   finish join thread:%u,exit code is :%d\n",(int    )tid[i],(int*)ret);
   }
  printf("after join , value is :  val=%d\n"+val);
  pthread_mutex_destroy(&fp->f_lock);
 }
 

一个很奇怪的问题是，最后打印的val的值不是预想中的10，而是随机值，这个是什么原因？并且，“after join"这些也没有输出，里面发生什么了？。。。

具体的输出：

in thread,pid=7117,tid=3078182592,main thread
fp->f_count=1
fp->f_count=0
initial val is 0
in thread,pid=7117,tid=3078179696,child thread try to add val-------
finish add .val=1
mid stage,val=1
in thread,pid=7117,tid=3067689840,child thread try to add val-------
finish add .val=2
mid stage,val=2
in thread,pid=7117,tid=3057199984,child thread try to add val-------
finish add .val=3
mid stage,val=3
in thread,pid=7117,tid=3046710128,child thread try to add val-------
finish add .val=4
mid stage,val=4
in thread,pid=7117,tid=3036220272,child thread try to add val-------
finish add .val=5
mid stage,val=5
in thread,pid=7117,tid=3025730416,child thread try to add val-------
finish add .val=6
mid stage,val=6
in thread,pid=7117,tid=3015240560,child thread try to add val-------
finish add .val=7
mid stage,val=7
in thread,pid=7117,tid=3004750704,child thread try to add val-------
finish add .val=8
mid stage,val=8
in thread,pid=7117,tid=2994260848,child thread try to add val-------
finish add .val=9
mid stage,val=9
in thread,pid=7117,tid=2983770992,child thread try to add val-------
finish add .val=10
mid stage,val=10
before join ,val=10
wwwwwwwwwwwwwww   join thread:3078179696
wwwwwwwwwwwwwww   finish join thread:3078179696,exit code is :1
wwwwwwwwwwwwwww   join thread:3067689840
wwwwwwwwwwwwwww   finish join thread:3067689840,exit code is :2
wwwwwwwwwwwwwww   join thread:3057199984
wwwwwwwwwwwwwww   finish join thread:3057199984,exit code is :3
wwwwwwwwwwwwwww   join thread:3046710128
wwwwwwwwwwwwwww   finish join thread:3046710128,exit code is :4
wwwwwwwwwwwwwww   join thread:3036220272
wwwwwwwwwwwwwww   finish join thread:3036220272,exit code is :5
wwwwwwwwwwwwwww   join thread:3025730416
wwwwwwwwwwwwwww   finish join thread:3025730416,exit code is :6
wwwwwwwwwwwwwww   join thread:3015240560
wwwwwwwwwwwwwww   finish join thread:3015240560,exit code is :7
wwwwwwwwwwwwwww   join thread:3004750704
wwwwwwwwwwwwwww   finish join thread:3004750704,exit code is :8
wwwwwwwwwwwwwww   join thread:2994260848
wwwwwwwwwwwwwww   finish join thread:2994260848,exit code is :9
wwwwwwwwwwwwwww   join thread:2983770992
wwwwwwwwwwwwwww   finish join thread:2983770992,exit code is :10
 , value is :  val=-1311196304

红色的输出是不齐全，且是错的的值。