Spring 框架表达式语言（SpEL）

详情参考Spring 官网

• SpEl：Spring Expression Language，是一个支持运行时查询和操作对象图的强大语言。
• 语法类似于EL，SpEL使用#{…}作为定界符，所有在大括号里的字符都被认为是SpEl。
• SpEl 为Bean的属性进行动态复赋值。
• SpEl 可以实现：
  
  • 通过bean的id对bean进行引用
  • 调用方法以及引用对象中的属性
  • 计算表达式的值
  • 正则表达式的匹配

SpEl 用法

字面量的表示：

整数：<property name="count" value="#{23}"></property>
小数：<property name="price" value="#{23.3}"></property>
科学计数法：<property name="capacity" value="#{1e4}"></property>
String（用单引号或者双引号引起来）<property name="name" value="#{'crystal'}"></property>
或者<property name='name' value='#{"crystal"}'></property>
Boolean：<property name="count" value="#{false}"></property>

引用Bean、属性和方法

* 引用其他对象
<property name="prefix" value="#{prefixGenerator}"></property>
* 引用其他对象的属性
<property name="suffix" value="#{sequenceGenerator.suffix}"></property>
* 调用其他方法，可以链式操作
<property name="suffix" value="#{sequenceGenerator.toString().toUpperCase()}"></property>

运算符操作 +、-、*、/、%、^

<property name="count" value="#{num.total + 2}"></property>
<property name="area" value="#{T(java.lang.Math).PI * circle.redius ^ 2}"></property>

字符串连接

<property name="name" value="#{performer.firstName + ' ' + performer.lastName}"></property>

比较运算符 >、<、==、>=、<=、lt、gt、eq、le、ge

<property name="equal" value="#{counter.total == 100}"></property>

逻辑运算符 and、or、not、!

<property name="judge" value="#{shape.kind == 'circle' and shape.perimeter gt 100}"></property>

if-else运算符 ?:

<property name="type" value="#{shape.kind == 'circle'?'圆形':'方形'}"></property>

正则表达式 matches

<property name="match" value="#{email matches '[a-zA-Z0-9._%+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9.-]+\\.[a-zA-Z]{2,4}'}"></property>

调用静态函数和静态方法：通过T()调用一个类的静态方法，它将返回一个Class Object，然后再调用相应的属性和方法。

<property name="initValue" value="#{T(java.lang.Math).PI}"></property>

例子

beans-spel.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="address" class="com.spring.test.spel.Address">
        <!-- 使用 SpEL 设置String属性值 -->
        <property name="city" value="#{'Suzhou'}"></property>
        <property name="street" value="#{'Shilu'}"></property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="car" class="com.spring.test.spel.Car">
        <property name="brand" value="#{'Audi'}"></property>
        <property name="price" value="#{200000}"></property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="person" class="com.spring.test.spel.Person">
        <property name="name" value="#{'crystal'}"></property>
        <!-- 引用bean对象属性值 -->
        <property name="city" value="#{address.city}"></property>
        <property name="car" value="#{car}"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

Address.java

package com.spring.test.spel;

public class Address {

    private String city;
    private String street;

    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    public void setStreet(String street) {
        this.street = street;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Address [city=" + city + ", street=" + street + "]";
    }
}

Car.java

package com.spring.test.spel;

public class Car {
    private String brand;
    private double price;

    public String getBrand() {
        return brand;
    }
    public void setBrand(String brand) {
        this.brand = brand;
    }
    public double getPrice() {
        return price;
    }
    public void setPrice(double price) {
        this.price = price;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Car [brand=" + brand + ", price=" + price + "]";
    }
}

Person.java

package com.spring.test.spel;

public class Person {
    private String name;
    private Car car;
    private String city;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public Car getCar() {
        return car;
    }
    public void setCar(Car car) {
        this.car = car;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person [name=" + name + ", car=" + car + ", city=" + city + "]";
    }
}

Main.java

package com.spring.test.spel;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Main {

    @Test
    public void testAutoWire() {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans-spel.xml");
        Person person = (Person) context.getBean("person");
        System.out.println(person);
    }
}