OpenCV：Mat数据类型/16to8bit/RECT/画线填充

目录

Mat类型与数据类型对应关系：

OpenCV将16位图像转为8位

OpenCV裁剪矩形区域赋值 

OpenCV将Mat粘贴到指定位置 

OpenCV旋转Mat

OpenCV对图像画线填充

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Mat类型与数据类型对应关系：

Unsigned 8bits uchar 0~255
Mat: CV_8UC1, CV_8UC2, CV_8UC3, CV_8UC4

Signed 8bits char -128~127
Mat: CV_8SC1，CV_8SC2，CV_8SC3，CV_8SC4

Unsigned 16bits ushort 0~65535
Mat: CV_16UC1，CV_16UC2，CV_16UC3，CV_16UC4

Signed 16bits short -32768~32767
Mat: CV_16SC1，CV_16SC2，CV_16SC3，CV_16SC4

Signed 32bits int -2147483648~2147483647
Mat: CV_32SC1，CV_32SC2，CV_32SC3，CV_32SC4

Float 32bits float -1.1810-38~3.4010-38
Mat: CV_32FC1，CV_32FC2，CV_32FC3，CV_32FC4

Double 64bits double
Mat: CV_64FC1，CV_64FC2，CV_64FC3，CV_64FC4

下面是如何查看图像的Mat类型：
cout<<image.type()<<endl;

OpenCV将16位图像转为8位

16位对应ushort类型。假如直接convertTo()转换类型的话，会有失真

Mat TIFF16to8(Mat& img)
{
    int width = img.cols;//图片宽度
    int height = img.rows;//图片高度
    Mat dst = Mat::zeros(height, width, CV_8UC1);//先生成空的目标图片
    double minv = 0.0, maxv = 0.0;
    double* minp = &minv;
    double* maxp = &maxv;
    minMaxIdx(img, minp, maxp);  //取得像素值最大值和最小值

    //用指针访问像素，速度更快
    ushort* p_img;
    uchar* p_dst;
    for (int i = 0; i < height; i++)
    {
        p_img = img.ptr<ushort>(i);//获取每行首地址
        p_dst = dst.ptr<uchar>(i);
        for (int j = 0; j < width; ++j)
        {
            p_dst[j] = (p_img[j] - minv) / (maxv - minv) * 255;

            //下面是失真较大的转换方法
            //int temp = img.at<ushort>(i, j);
            //dst.at<uchar>(i, j) = temp;
        }
    }
    return dst;
}

OpenCV裁剪矩形区域赋值 

Mat img;//读个图

cv::Rect rect(x, y, WIDTH, HEIGHT);//以坐标（x,y）为矩形的左上角起点，宽高为W和H的矩形

Mat tmp = img(rect);//将img上矩形框住的部分赋给tmp

OpenCV将Mat粘贴到指定位置 

cv::Rect roi_rect = cv::Rect(0, 0, src.cols, src.rows);
src.copyTo(image(roi_rect));
//把src的内容复制到image指定的Rect框中

OpenCV旋转Mat

rotate(img, img_90, ROTATE_90_CLOCKWISE);

//下面是源码中参数的定义
enum RotateFlags {
    ROTATE_90_CLOCKWISE = 0, //!<Rotate 90 degrees clockwise
    ROTATE_180 = 1, //!<Rotate 180 degrees clockwise
    ROTATE_90_COUNTERCLOCKWISE = 2, //!<Rotate 270 degrees clockwise
};

 

OpenCV对图像画线填充

    cv::Point root_points[1][4];//初始化一组数据，四个点
    root_points[0][0] = cv::Point(0,0);
    root_points[0][1] = cv::Point(0,100);
    root_points[0][2] = cv::Point(100,100);
    root_points[0][3] = cv::Point(100,0);

    const cv::Point* ppt[1] = { root_points[0] };
    int npt[] = { 4 };
    cv::polylines(diffuse, ppt, npt, 1, 1, Scalar(0, 0, 0), 1, 8, 0);//画线
    cv::fillPoly(diffuse, ppt, npt, 1, Scalar(0, 0, 0));//填充