Android初级开发第九讲--Intent最全用法（打开文件跳转页面等）

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-12 22:25:37 发布

chengf223

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-12 22:25:37 发布

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大家好，今天跟大家谈谈Intent的用法。

Intent在安卓中主要用于打开另外一个页面，这个页面可能是一个activity也可能是一个应用，也可能是

其它……

且看下面介绍，总结摘抄网友一些经典例子

1.无参数Activity跳转

Intent it = new Intent(Activity.this, Activity2.class);

startActivity(it);

2.向下一个Activity传递数据（使用Bundle或Intent.putExtras）

Intent it = new Intent(Activity.this, Activity2.class);

Bundle bundle=new Bundle();

bundle.putString("name", "This is from MainActivity!");

it.putExtras(bundle); // it.putExtra(“test”, "shuju”);

startActivity(it); // startActivityForResult(it,REQUEST_CODE);

相应的对于数据的获取可以采用：

Bundle bundle=getIntent().getExtras();

String name=bundle.getString("name");

如果activity设为singletask，那么接收数据时也要实现onNewIntent()方法

3.向上一个Activity返回结果（使用setResult，针对startActivityForResult(it,REQUEST_CODE)启动的

Activity）

Intent intent=getIntent();

Bundle bundle2=new Bundle();

bundle2.putString("name", "This is from ShowMsg!");

intent.putExtras(bundle2);

setResult(RESULT_OK, intent);

4.回调上一个Activity的结果处理函数（onActivityResult）

@Override

protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);

if (requestCode==REQUEST_CODE){

if(resultCode==RESULT_CANCELED)

setTitle("cancle");

else if (resultCode==RESULT_OK) {

String temp=null;

Bundle bundle=data.getExtras();

if(bundle!=null) temp=bundle.getString("name");

setTitle(temp);

}

5、显示网页

Uri uri = Uri.parse("http://google.com");

Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);

startActivity(it);

6、显示地图

Uri uri = Uri.parse("geo:38.899533,-77.036476");

Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);

startActivity(it);

//其他 geo URI

//geo:latitude,longitude

//geo:latitude,longitude?z=zoom

//geo:0,0?q=my+street+address

//geo:0,0?q=business+near+city

//google.streetview:cbll=lat,lng&cbp=1,yaw,,pitch,zoom&mz=mapZoom

7、路径规划

Uri uri = Uri.parse("http://maps.google.com/maps?f=d&saddr=startLat%0startLng&daddr=endLat%

0endLng&hl=en");

Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);

startActivity(it);

//where startLat, startLng, endLat, endLng are a long with 6 decimals like: 50.123456

8、打电话

// 叫出拨号程序

Uri uri = Uri.parse("tel:0800000123");

Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DIAL, uri);

startActivity(it);

// 直接打电话出去

Uri uri = Uri.parse("tel:0800000123");

Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL, uri);

startActivity(it);

9、传送SMS/MMS

// 传送SMS

Uri uri = Uri.parse("smsto://0800000123");

Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, uri);

it.putExtra("sms_body", "The SMS text");

startActivity(it);

// 传送 MMS

Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://media/external/images/media/23");

Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);

it.putExtra("sms_body", "some text");

it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uri);

it.setType("image/png");

startActivity(it);

10、发送 Email（三种方法）

Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);

it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, "me@abc.com");

it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "The email body text");

it.setType("text/plain");

startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client"));

Intent it=new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);

String[] tos={"me@abc.com"};

String[] ccs={"you@abc.com"};

it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, tos);

it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_CC, ccs);

it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "The email body text");

it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "The email subject text");

it.setType("message/rfc822");

startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client"));

Uri uri = Uri.parse("mailto:fengsheng.studio@hotmail.com");

Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, uri);

１１、传送附件

Intent intent = new Intent();

intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);

intent.setType(mimeType);

intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uri);

startActivity(intent);

// 以上有两个变量需要说明:

// 1. mimeType: 如果是图片,则为"image/*",如果是音频,则为"audio/*",如果是视频,则为"video/*"

// 2. uri:如果是直接读取到文件路径并发送,则为Uri.fromFile(new File(filePath));

// 如果是从数据库中查循出来的uri,则直接传入即可.

１２、播放多媒体（两种方法）

Uri uri = Uri.parse("file:///sdcard/song.mp3");

Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);

it.setType("audio/mp3");

startActivity(it);

Uri uri = Uri.withAppendedPath(

MediaStore.Audio.Media.INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "1");

Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);

startActivity(it);

Market 相关

１３、寻找某个应用/显示某个应用的相关信息

Uri uri = Uri.parse("market://search?q=pname:pkg_name");

Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);

startActivity(it);

//where pkg_name is the full package path for an application

Uri uri = Uri.parse("market://details?id=app_id");

Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);

startActivity(it);

// where app_id is the application ID, find the ID

// by clicking on your application on Market home

// page, and notice the ID from the address bar

14、打开一个应用程序

ComponentName 两个参数一个是包名一个是包下的主类

final Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN, null);

intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_LAUNCHER);

final ComponentName cn = new ComponentName("com.android.settings",

"com.android.settings.fuelgauge.PowerUsageSummary");

intent.setComponent(cn);

intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);

startActivity(intent);

Uninstall 应用程序

Uri uri = Uri.fromParts("package", strPackageName, null);

Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DELETE, uri);

startActivity(it);

14、返回桌面

Intent unMyIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN);

unMyIntent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_HOME);

startActivity(unMyIntent);

15、调用程序打开相应文件

在写文件管理系统时会用到各种打开不同格式的文件的需求，由于Android系统默认内置了一些可以打开

的系统应用，但还是不能满足需求，比如打开视频文件、word等，需要安装相应的播放

软件才可以使用，这时程序会通过Intent查找可以使用的软件

实现通过代码打开一个文件需要2部分，一部分是要获取到不同文件的后缀，以便根据需求匹配相应的

Intent，另一个就是不同格式的文件打开的Intent不同

1、在values目录下定义后缀数组文件fileendings

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

</array>

</array>

</array>

</array>

</array>

</array>

</array>

</array>

</array>

</array>

</resources>

2、定义OpenFiles工具类，只需传输File参数即可，然后通过返回的Intent打开文件

public class OpenFiles {

//android获取一个用于打开HTML文件的intent

public static Intent getHtmlFileIntent(File file)

{

Uri uri = Uri.parse(file.toString()).buildUpon().encodedAuthority

("com.android.htmlfileprovider").scheme("content").encodedPath(file.toString()).build();

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");

intent.setDataAndType(uri, "text/html");

return intent;

}

//android获取一个用于打开图片文件的intent

public static Intent getImageFileIntent(File file)

{

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");

intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");

intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);

Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file);

intent.setDataAndType(uri, "image/*");

return intent;

}

//android获取一个用于打开PDF文件的intent

public static Intent getPdfFileIntent(File file)

{

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");

intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");

intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);

Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file);

intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/pdf");

return intent;

}

//android获取一个用于打开文本文件的intent

public static Intent getTextFileIntent(File file)

{

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");

intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");

intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);

Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file);

intent.setDataAndType(uri, "text/plain");

return intent;

}

//android获取一个用于打开音频文件的intent

public static Intent getAudioFileIntent(File file)

{

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");

intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP);

intent.putExtra("oneshot", 0);

intent.putExtra("configchange", 0);

Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file);

intent.setDataAndType(uri, "audio/*");

return intent;

}

//android获取一个用于打开视频文件的intent

public static Intent getVideoFileIntent(File file)

{

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");

intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP);

intent.putExtra("oneshot", 0);

intent.putExtra("configchange", 0);

Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file);

intent.setDataAndType(uri, "video/*");

return intent;

}

//android获取一个用于打开CHM文件的intent

public static Intent getChmFileIntent(File file)

{

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");

intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");

intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);

Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file);

intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/x-chm");

return intent;

}

//android获取一个用于打开Word文件的intent

public static Intent getWordFileIntent(File file)

{

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");

intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");

intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);

Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file);

intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/msword");

return intent;

}

//android获取一个用于打开Excel文件的intent

public static Intent getExcelFileIntent(File file)

{

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");

intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");

intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);

Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file);

intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/vnd.ms-excel");

return intent;

}

//android获取一个用于打开PPT文件的intent

public static Intent getPPTFileIntent(File file)

{

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");

intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");

intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);

Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file);

intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint");

return intent;

}

//android获取一个用于打开apk文件的intent

public static Intent getApkFileIntent(File file)

{

Intent intent = new Intent();

intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);

intent.setAction(android.content.Intent.ACTION_VIEW);

intent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(file), "application/vnd.android.package-

archive");

return intent;

}

3、定义用于检查要打开的文件的后缀是否在遍历后缀数组中

private boolean checkEndsWithInStringArray(String checkItsEnd,

String[] fileEndings){

for(String aEnd : fileEndings){

if(checkItsEnd.endsWith(aEnd))

return true;

}

return false;

}

4、通过调用OpenFiles类返回的Intent，打开相应的文件

if(currentPath!=null&¤tPath.isFile())

{

String fileName = currentPath.toString();

Intent intent;

if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources().

getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingImage))){

intent = OpenFiles.getImageFileIntent(currentPath);

startActivity(intent);

}else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources().

getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingWebText))){

intent = OpenFiles.getHtmlFileIntent(currentPath);

startActivity(intent);

}else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources().

getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingPackage))){

intent = OpenFiles.getApkFileIntent(currentPath);

startActivity(intent);

}else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources().

getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingAudio))){

intent = OpenFiles.getAudioFileIntent(currentPath);

startActivity(intent);

}else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources().

getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingVideo))){

intent = OpenFiles.getVideoFileIntent(currentPath);

startActivity(intent);

}else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources().

getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingText))){

intent = OpenFiles.getTextFileIntent(currentPath);

startActivity(intent);

}else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources().

getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingPdf))){

intent = OpenFiles.getPdfFileIntent(currentPath);

startActivity(intent);

}else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources().

getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingWord))){

intent = OpenFiles.getWordFileIntent(currentPath);

startActivity(intent);

}else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources().

getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingExcel))){

intent = OpenFiles.getExcelFileIntent(currentPath);

startActivity(intent);

}else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources().

getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingPPT))){

intent = OpenFiles.getPPTFileIntent(currentPath);

startActivity(intent);

}else

{

showMessage("无法打开，请安装相应的软件！");

}

}else

{

showMessage("对不起，这不是文件！");

}

关于MimeType类型参考
http://blog.csdn.net/reboot123/article/details/9198101