1. 格雷码定义
在一组数的编码中,若任意两个相邻的代码只有一位二进制数不同,则称这种编码为格雷码(Gray Code),另外由于最大数与最小数之间也仅一位数不同,即“首尾相连”,因此又称循环码或反射码。
2. 转换方法
(1)递归查表法
1位格雷码有2个码字:0和1;
(n+1)位格雷码中的前2^n(2的N次方)个字码等于n位格雷码的码字,按顺序书写,加前缀0;
(n+1)位格雷码中的后2^n(2的N次方)个字码等于n位格雷码的码字,但按逆序书写,加前缀1;
2)异或转换
二进制码→格雷码(编码,i为bit位数):
格雷码→二进制码(解码,i为bit位数):
(3)卡诺图
三位格雷码与四位格雷码:
(4)异或乘除法
异或乘除法没有借位和进位
编码:异或乘3后右移1位。
解码:左移异或除3,忽略余数
3. 实现方法
程序采用递归循环查表法,FPGA多采用异或转换
(1)二进制转格雷码
FPGA代码:
//================================================================
// Filename : bin2gray.v
// Created On : 2017-05-14 16:54:30
// Last Modified : 2017-05-14 16:55:14
// Author : ChrisHuang
// Description : Converting Gray Code to Binary
//================================================================
`timescale 1ns/1ps
module bin2gray
#(parameter pDataWidth = 4
)
(
input [pDataWidth-1:0] iBinary,
output [pDataWidth-1:0] oGrayCode
);
assign oGrayCode = (iBinary >> 1) ^ iBinary;
endmodule
testbench代码:
//================================================================
// Filename : bin2gray_tb.v
// Created On : 2017-05-14 16:54:30
// Last Modified : 2017-05-14 16:55:14
// Author : ChrisHuang
// Description : test Converting Gray Code to Binary
//================================================================
`timescale 1ns/1ps
module bin2gray_tb();
reg rClk;
reg [3:0] rBinary;
wire [3:0] wGray;
initial
begin
rClk = 0;
rBinary = 4'b0;
#500 $stop;
end
always #10 rClk = ~rClk;
always @ (posedge rClk)
begin
rBinary <= rBinary + 1'b1;
end
bin2gray #(4) i1
(
.iBinary (rBinary ),
.oGrayCode (wGray )
);
endmodule
仿真结果波形:
(2)格雷码转二进制
FPGA代码:
//================================================================
// Filename : gray2bin.v
// Created On : 2017-05-14 21:22:30
// Last Modified : 2017-05-14 21:23:14
// Author : ChrisHuang
// Description : Converting Gray Code to Binary
//================================================================
`timescale 1ns/1ps
module gray2bin
#(parameter pDataWidth = 4
)
(
input [pDataWidth-1:0] iGrayCode,
output [pDataWidth-1:0] oBinary
);
reg [pDataWidth-1:0] rBinary;
always @ (iGrayCode)
begin
rBinary[3] = iGrayCode[3];
rBinary[2] = iGrayCode[2] ^ rBinary[3];
rBinary[1] = iGrayCode[1] ^ rBinary[2];
rBinary[0] = iGrayCode[0] ^ rBinary[1];
end
assign oBinary = rBinary;
endmodule
testbench代码:
//================================================================
// Filename : gray2bin_tb.v
// Created On : 2017-05-14 21:22:30
// Last Modified : 2017-05-14 21:23:14
// Author : ChrisHuang
// Description : Converting Gray Code to Binary
//================================================================
`timescale 1ns/1ps
module gray2bin_tb();
`include "bin2gray.v"
reg rClk;
reg [3:0] rBinary;
wire [3:0] wGray;
wire [3:0] wBinary;
initial
begin
rClk = 0;
rBinary = 4'b0;
#500 $stop;
end
always #10 rClk = ~rClk;
always @ (posedge rClk)
begin
rBinary <= rBinary + 1'b1;
end
bin2gray #(4) i1
(
.iBinary (rBinary ),
.oGrayCode (wGray )
);
gray2bin #(4) i2
(
.iGrayCode (wGray ),
.oBinary (wBinary )
);
endmodule
仿真结果:
参考:
http://www.cnblogs.com/logic3/p/5609919.html
http://blog.csdn.net/beiyeqingteng/article/details/7044471
http://baike.baidu.com/link?url=rNvrOCbvcfcU3T_zsJVAjTimZmICXlvFDZZIn-V8W5bBE4vTPlgYM50CyOIZfFZSGmwB1tskkgRAhUKvtAGR6UUp2TwrPVP9PgQ5tSiyPRvO-OjOhKVFviAGnv0azViO