计算机视觉快速入门一 —— python基础(二）

计算机视觉快速入门一 —— python基础(二）

1.python判断结构

if : elif : else:

pyif=100
if pyif>200:
	print ('>200')
elif pyif<100:
	print('<100')
else:
	print('[100,200]')
	
pylist=[123,345,456]
if 123 in pylist:
	print('true')

2.循环结构

while :
for in :

num=0
while num<10:
	print(num)
	num+=1

pyset=set(['a','b','c'])
while pytest:
	popn=pytest.pop()
	print(popn) # c b a
for nums in pyset:
	print(nums) # c b a

numlist=[11,22,333,444,55,66,777]
for i in range(len(numlist)):
	print(numlist[i]) # 11 22 333 444 55 66 777
	
for i in numlist:
	if i%2==0:
		print(i)
	else:
		continue
	print(i) # 22 22 444 444 66 66
for i in numlist:
	if i%2==0:
		print(i)
	else:
		break
	print(i) # 

3.python函数

a=10
b=20
def print_value():
	print('a=',a)
def add_ab(a,b):
	return(a+b)
sum=add_ab(a,b)

def add_number(a,*args):
	b=0
	for i in args:
		a+=i
		b+=a
	return a,b
a,b=add_number(1,2,3)
print(a,b) # a=6 b=9

def add_number2(a,**kwargs):
	for arg,value in kwargs.items():
		print (arg,value)
add_number2(1,x=2,y=3) # y 3  x 2

4.python包

在另一个文件内引用自编文件

%%writefile tang.py

tang_v = 10

def tang_add(tang_list):
	tang_sum = 0
	for i in range(len(tang_list)):
		tang_sum += tang_list[i]
		 return tang_sum
tang_list = [1,2,3,4,5]
print (tang_add(tang_list))

%run tang.py # 15

import tang as tg
tg.tang_v=100
tang_list = [10,11,12]
tg.tang_add(tang_list) # 33

from tang import *
tang_v # 10
tang_add(tang_list) #33

5.异常

6.文件操作

%%writefile tang.txt
hello python
tang yu di
jin tian tian qi bu cuo

txt = open('./data/tang.txt')
txt_read = txt.read()
print (txt_read) # hello python /n tang yu di /n jin tian tian qi bu cuo
lines = txt.readlines()
print (type(lines)) #<class 'list'>
print (lines) #['hello python\n', 'tang yu di\n', 'jin tian tian qi bu cuo']
for line in lines:
	print ('cur_line:',line) 
txt.close()
txt = open('tang_write.txt','w')
txt.write('123')
txt.write('\n')
txt.write('456')
txt.close()

7.类

class people:
	'帮助信息：XXXXXX'
	#所有实力都会共享
	number = 100
    #构造函数，初始化的方法，当创建一个类的时候首先会调用它
    def __init__(self,name,age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age
    def display(self):
        print ('number = :',people.number)
    def display_name(self):
        print (self.name)

people.__doc__ # '帮助信息：XXXXXX'
p1 = people('tangyudi',30)
p2 = people('python','40')
p1.name #‘tangyudi'
p1.display() #number = : 100
hasattr(p1,'name') # True
hasattr(p1,'sex') #False
getattr(p1,'name') #'tangyudi'
setattr(p1,'name','yudiTang') 
delattr(p1,'name')

class Parent: #定义父类
    number = 100
    def __init__(self):
        print ('调用父类构造函数')
    def parentM(self):
        print ('调用父类方法')
    def setAttr(self,attr):
        Parent.parentAttr = attr
    def getAttr(self):
        print ('父类属性：',Parent.parentAttr)
    def newM(self):
        print ('父类要被重新的方法')
        
class child(Parent): #定义子类
    def __init__(self):
        print ('调用子类构造函数')
    def childM(self):
        print ('调用子类方法')
    def newM(self):
        print ('子类给它改掉了') 

c = child()
c.childM()
c.parentM()
c.setAttr(100)
c.getAttr()
c.newM()
***
输出：
调用子类构造函数
调用子类方法
调用父类方法
父类属性： 100
子类给它改掉了
***

8.时间

import time
print (time.time()) #1665826299.4521823
print (time.localtime(time.time())) #time.struct_time(tm_year=2022,tm_mon=10,tm_mday=15,tm_hour=17,tm_min=32,tm_sec=7,tm_wday=5,tm_yday=288, tm_isdst=0)
print (time.asctime(time.localtime(time.time()))) # Sat Oct 15 17:33:24 2022
print (time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',time.localtime())) # 2022-10-15 17:33:57
import calendar
print (calendar.month(2022,10)) # 展示当月日历