打印Lua表（table）顺便扩展库一点

推荐参考1的法一的打印方法，因为“挺符合一般人的心里预期”~
顺便写一个math.clamp的实现

local print = print
local tconcat = table.concat
local tinsert = table.insert
local srep = string.rep
local type = type
local pairs = pairs
local tostring = tostring
local next = next
 
function print_lua_table (lua_table, indent)
    if not lua_table or type(lua_table) ~= "table" then
        return;
    end

    indent = indent or 0
    for k, v in pairs(lua_table) do
        if type(k) == "string" then
            k = string.format("%q", k)
        end
        local szSuffix = ""
        if type(v) == "table" then
            szSuffix = "{"
        end
        local szPrefix = string.rep("    ", indent)
        formatting = szPrefix.."["..k.."]".." = "..szSuffix
        if type(v) == "table" then
            print(formatting)
            print_lua_table(v, indent + 1)
            print(szPrefix.."},")
        else
            local szValue = ""
            if type(v) == "string" then
                szValue = string.format("%q", v)
            else
                szValue = tostring(v)
            end
            print(formatting..szValue..",")
        end
    end
end

function pt(lua_table)
	print("print table: ")
	print_lua_table (lua_table, 1)
end

function print_r(root)
    local cache = {  [root] = "." }
    local function _dump(t,space,name)
        local temp = {}
        for k,v in pairs(t) do
            local key = tostring(k)
            if cache[v] then
                tinsert(temp,"+" .. key .. " {" .. cache[v].."}")
            elseif type(v) == "table" then
                local new_key = name .. "." .. key
                cache[v] = new_key
                tinsert(temp,"+" .. key .. _dump(v,space .. (next(t,k) and "|" or " " ).. srep(" ",#key),new_key))
            else
                tinsert(temp,"+" .. key .. " [" .. tostring(v).."]")
            end
        end
        return tconcat(temp,"\n"..space)
    end
    print(_dump(root, "",""))
end

-- 序列化tablle表--將表轉化成string
function serialize(obj)
    local lua = ""
    local t = type(obj)
    if t == "number" then
        lua = lua .. obj
    elseif t == "boolean" then
        lua = lua .. tostring(obj)
    elseif t == "string" then
        lua = lua .. string.format("%q", obj)
    elseif t == "table" then
        lua = lua .. "{\n"
    for k, v in pairs(obj) do
        lua = lua .. "[" .. serialize(k) .. "]=" .. serialize(v) .. ",\n"
    end
    local metatable = getmetatable(obj)
        if metatable ~= nil and type(metatable.__index) == "table" then
        for k, v in pairs(metatable.__index) do
            lua = lua .. "[" .. serialize(k) .. "]=" .. serialize(v) .. ",\n"
        end
    end
        lua = lua .. "}"
    elseif t == "nil" then
        return nil
    else
        return "-nil-" 
        --error("can not serialize a " .. t .. " type.")
    end
    return lua
end
-----------------------------------------------------------
function math.clamp(v, minValue, maxValue)  
    return math.max(minValue, math.min(v, maxValue))
end
-----------------------------------------------------------
local t = {{10, 20}, {30, 40}} 
pt(t)

local a = math.clamp(0, 10, 15)
print("a: ", a)

local b = math.clamp(20, 10, 15)
print("b: ", b)

Output:

print table: 
    [1] = {
        [1] = 10,
        [2] = 20,
    },
    [2] = {
        [1] = 30,
        [2] = 40,
    },
a: 	10
b: 	15

为什么Lua语言自己不提供语言层面的打印表（table）的方法？

参考：
1.
《树形打印lua table表》
https://www.cnblogs.com/jadeboy/p/3972524.html
2.
《Lua的math函数库及一些自定义扩展》
https://blog.csdn.net/david_dai_1108/article/details/50740214