用OpenSceneGraph实现的NeHe OpenGL教程 - 第四课

• 简介

本课要实现的效果是让三角形绕自身的轴线Y轴进行旋转， 四边形绕自身X轴进行旋转。

在osg中实现这种效果有很多种方法可以做到，无论哪种方法总体的思路是定时地去修改场景中的空间变换节点，本文采用最简单的一种方式进行修改：使用场景中节点的回调来修改空间变换节点从而达到旋转的效果。

• 实现

首先我们先定义一个场景节点的Callback类，OSG中的节点主要使用回调(Callback)来完成用户临时定义的、需要每帧执行的工作。这是一种方便的扩展节点功能的方式，根据回调功能被调用的时机，OSG节点回调包括更新回调(UpdateCallback)和人机交互事件回调(EventCallback)两种，前者在每一帧系统遍历到当前节点时自动调用，后者则通过用户操作键盘、鼠标、改变窗口等动作发生，触发事件回调。此处我们需要的是一个节点的更新回调，定义如下：

class RotateCallback : public osg::NodeCallback
{

public:
	RotateCallback(osg::Vec3d rotateAxis, double rotateSpeed) : 
	  osg::NodeCallback(),
	  _rotateAxis(rotateAxis), 
	  _rotateSpeed(rotateSpeed),
	  _rotateAngle(0.0)
	  {
		//Nop
	  }


	  virtual void operator()(osg::Node* node, osg::NodeVisitor* nv)
	{
			osg::MatrixTransform *currentMT = dynamic_cast<osg::MatrixTransform*>(node);
			if (currentMT)
			{
				//获取当前的平移位置
				osg::Vec3d currentTranslate = currentMT->getMatrix().getTrans();
				osg::Matrix newMatrix = osg::Matrix::rotate(_rotateAngle, _rotateAxis) * osg::Matrix::translate(currentTranslate);
				currentMT->setMatrix(newMatrix);
				_rotateAngle += _rotateSpeed;
			}

			traverse(node, nv);
	}


private:
	osg::Vec3d _rotateAxis;			//旋转轴
	double        _rotateSpeed;		//旋转速度
	double        _rotateAngle;		//当前旋转的角度
};

节点回调类都继承于osg::NodeCallback，我们需要做的是重载它里面的operator()方法来实现自定义的代码，定义好之后将回调加入到三角形和四边形的空间变化节点之中：

	osg::MatrixTransform *triangleMT = new osg::MatrixTransform;
	triangleMT->setMatrix(osg::Matrix::translate(-1.5, 0.0, -6.0));

	RotateCallback *triangleRotateCallback = new RotateCallback(osg::Y_AXIS, 0.2);
	triangleMT->addUpdateCallback(triangleRotateCallback);

以及

	osg::MatrixTransform *quadMT = new osg::MatrixTransform;
	quadMT->setMatrix(osg::Matrix::translate(1.5, 0.0, -6.0));

	RotateCallback *quadRotateCallback = new RotateCallback(osg::X_AXIS, 0.15);
	quadMT->addUpdateCallback(quadRotateCallback);

编译并运行程序即看到动态的效果

附：本课源码(源码中可能存在错误和不足，仅供参考)

#include "../osgNeHe.h"

#include <QtCore/QTimer>
#include <QtGui/QApplication>
#include <QtGui/QVBoxLayout>

#include <osgViewer/Viewer>
#include <osgDB/ReadFile>
#include <osgQt/GraphicsWindowQt>

#include <osg/MatrixTransform>
#include <osg/NodeVisitor>


class ViewerWidget : public QWidget, public osgViewer::Viewer
{
public:
	ViewerWidget(osg::Node *scene = NULL)
	{
		QWidget* renderWidget = getRenderWidget( createGraphicsWindow(0,0,100,100), scene);

		QVBoxLayout* layout = new QVBoxLayout;
		layout->addWidget(renderWidget);
		layout->setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 1);
		setLayout( layout );

		connect( &_timer, SIGNAL(timeout()), this, SLOT(update()) );
		_timer.start( 10 );
	}

	QWidget* getRenderWidget( osgQt::GraphicsWindowQt* gw, osg::Node* scene )
	{
		osg::Camera* camera = this->getCamera();
		camera->setGraphicsContext( gw );

		const osg::GraphicsContext::Traits* traits = gw->getTraits();

		camera->setClearColor( osg::Vec4(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0) );
		camera->setViewport( new osg::Viewport(0, 0, traits->width, traits->height) );
		camera->setProjectionMatrixAsPerspective(45.0f, static_cast<double>(traits->width)/static_cast<double>(traits->height), 0.1f, 100.0f );
		camera->setViewMatrixAsLookAt(osg::Vec3d(0, 0, 1), osg::Vec3d(0, 0, 0), osg::Vec3d(0, 1, 0));

		this->setSceneData( scene );

		return gw->getGLWidget();
	}

	osgQt::GraphicsWindowQt* createGraphicsWindow( int x, int y, int w, int h, const std::string& name="", bool windowDecoration=false )
	{
		osg::DisplaySettings* ds = osg::DisplaySettings::instance().get();
		osg::ref_ptr<osg::GraphicsContext::Traits> traits = new osg::GraphicsContext::Traits;
		traits->windowName = name;
		traits->windowDecoration = windowDecoration;
		traits->x = x;
		traits->y = y;
		traits->width = w;
		traits->height = h;
		traits->doubleBuffer = true;
		traits->alpha = ds->getMinimumNumAlphaBits();
		traits->stencil = ds->getMinimumNumStencilBits();
		traits->sampleBuffers = ds->getMultiSamples();
		traits->samples = ds->getNumMultiSamples();

		return new osgQt::GraphicsWindowQt(traits.get());
	}

	virtual void paintEvent( QPaintEvent* event )
	{ 
		frame(); 
	}

protected:

	QTimer _timer;
};



//
//RotateCallback

class RotateCallback : public osg::NodeCallback
{

public:
	RotateCallback(osg::Vec3d rotateAxis, double rotateSpeed) : 
	  osg::NodeCallback(),
	  _rotateAxis(rotateAxis), 
	  _rotateSpeed(rotateSpeed),
	  _rotateAngle(0.0)
	  {
		//Nop
	  }


	  virtual void operator()(osg::Node* node, osg::NodeVisitor* nv)
	{
			osg::MatrixTransform *currentMT = dynamic_cast<osg::MatrixTransform*>(node);
			if (currentMT)
			{
				//获取当前的平移位置
				osg::Vec3d currentTranslate = currentMT->getMatrix().getTrans();
				osg::Matrix newMatrix = osg::Matrix::rotate(_rotateAngle, _rotateAxis) * osg::Matrix::translate(currentTranslate);
				currentMT->setMatrix(newMatrix);
				_rotateAngle += _rotateSpeed;
			}

			traverse(node, nv);
	}


private:
	osg::Vec3d _rotateAxis;			//旋转轴
	double        _rotateSpeed;		//旋转速度
	double        _rotateAngle;		//当前旋转的角度
};



osg::Node*	buildScene()
{
	osg::Group *root = new osg::Group;

	osg::MatrixTransform *triangleMT = new osg::MatrixTransform;
	triangleMT->setMatrix(osg::Matrix::translate(-1.5, 0.0, -6.0));

	RotateCallback *triangleRotateCallback = new RotateCallback(osg::Y_AXIS, 0.2);
	triangleMT->addUpdateCallback(triangleRotateCallback);

	osg::Geometry *triangleGeometry = new osg::Geometry;
	osg::Vec3Array *triangleVertexArray = new osg::Vec3Array;
	triangleVertexArray->push_back(osg::Vec3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f));
	triangleVertexArray->push_back(osg::Vec3(-1.0f,-1.0f, 0.0f));
	triangleVertexArray->push_back(osg::Vec3(1.0f,-1.0f, 0.0f));
	triangleGeometry->setVertexArray(triangleVertexArray);

	osg::Vec4Array *triangleColorArray = new osg::Vec4Array;
	triangleColorArray->push_back(osg::Vec4(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f));
	triangleColorArray->push_back(osg::Vec4(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f));
	triangleColorArray->push_back(osg::Vec4(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f));
	triangleGeometry->setColorArray(triangleColorArray);
	triangleGeometry->setColorBinding(osg::Geometry::BIND_PER_VERTEX);

	triangleGeometry->addPrimitiveSet(new osg::DrawArrays(osg::PrimitiveSet::TRIANGLES, 0, 3));
	osg::Geode *triangleGeode = new osg::Geode;

	triangleGeode->getOrCreateStateSet()->setMode(GL_LIGHTING, osg::StateAttribute::OFF);
	triangleGeode->addDrawable(triangleGeometry);
	triangleMT->addChild(triangleGeode);

	//四边形部分
	osg::MatrixTransform *quadMT = new osg::MatrixTransform;
	quadMT->setMatrix(osg::Matrix::translate(1.5, 0.0, -6.0));

	RotateCallback *quadRotateCallback = new RotateCallback(osg::X_AXIS, 0.15);
	quadMT->addUpdateCallback(quadRotateCallback);

	osg::Geometry *quadGeometry = new osg::Geometry;
	osg::Vec3Array *quadVertexArray = new osg::Vec3Array;
	quadVertexArray->push_back(osg::Vec3(-1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f));
	quadVertexArray->push_back(osg::Vec3(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f));
	quadVertexArray->push_back(osg::Vec3(1.0f,-1.0f, 0.0f));
	quadVertexArray->push_back(osg::Vec3(-1.0f,-1.0f, 0.0f));
	quadGeometry->setVertexArray(quadVertexArray);

	osg::Vec4Array *quadColorArray = new osg::Vec4Array;
	quadColorArray->push_back(osg::Vec4(0.5f,0.5f,1.0f,1.0f));
	quadGeometry->setColorArray(quadColorArray);
	quadGeometry->setColorBinding(osg::Geometry::BIND_OVERALL);

	osg::DrawElementsUByte *vertexIndices = new osg::DrawElementsUByte(osg::PrimitiveSet::QUADS, 4);
	vertexIndices->push_back(0);
	vertexIndices->push_back(1);
	vertexIndices->push_back(2);
	vertexIndices->push_back(3);
	quadGeometry->addPrimitiveSet(vertexIndices);
	osg::Geode *quadGeode = new osg::Geode;
	quadGeode->getOrCreateStateSet()->setMode(GL_LIGHTING, osg::StateAttribute::OFF);
	quadGeode->addDrawable(quadGeometry);
	quadMT->addChild(quadGeode);

	root->addChild(triangleMT);
	root->addChild(quadMT);

	return root;
}



int main( int argc, char** argv )
{
	QApplication app(argc, argv);
	ViewerWidget* viewWidget = new ViewerWidget(buildScene());
	viewWidget->setGeometry( 100, 100, 640, 480 );
	viewWidget->show();
	return app.exec();
}