路由策略实验

一、拓扑

二、实验思路

1.配置IP地址，配置RIP和OSPF协议

# R1
配置IP
[r1]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.0.0.1 24
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 13.0.0.1 24
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip add 1.1.1.1 24
 
配置RIP协议
[r1]rip	1
[r1-rip-1]version 2
[r1-rip-1]network 12.0.0.0
[r1-rip-1]network 13.0.0.0
[r1-rip-1]network 1.0.0.0

# R2
配置IP
[r2]int g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.0.0.2 24
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0int g0/0/1
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 24.0.0.2 24
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip add 2.2.2.2 24
 
配置RIP协议
[r2]rip 1
[r2-rip-1]version 2	
[r2-rip-1]network 12.0.0.0	
[r2-rip-1]network 2.0.0.0
 
配置OSPF协议
[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]area 0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 24.0.0.2 0.0.0.0

# R3
配置IP
[r3]int g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 13.0.0.2 24
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 34.0.0.2 24
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip add 3.3.3.3 24
 
配置RIP协议
[r3]rip 1
[r3-rip-1]version 2
[r3-rip-1]network 13.0.0.0
 
配置OSPF协议
[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]area 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 34.0.0.2 0.0.0.0

# R4
配置IP
[r4]int g0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 24.0.0.1 24
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 34.0.0.1 24
[r4-LoopBack0]ip add 4.4.4.4 24
 
配置OSPF协议
[r4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-ospf-1]area 0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 24.0.0.1 0.0.0.0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 34.0.0.1 0.0.0.0

测试：

• R1

• R2

• R3

• R4

2.R2/R3双向重发布

# R2
[r2]rip 1	
[r2-rip-1]import-route ospf 1
[r2]ospf
[r2-ospf-1]import-route rip

# R3
[r3]rip 1
[r3-rip-1]import-route ospf 1
[r3]ospf
[r3-ospf-1]import-route rip

测试：

-R1

-R4

出现了通往3.3.3.3环回的两条不同掩码的路由

解决方式：

# 直接修改环回IP掩码为32（两边都发32位的路由）
[r3]int l0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip add 3.3.3.3 32

# 修改环回接口类型为broadcast（两边都发24位的路由）
[r3]int l0
[r3-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast 

3.选路最佳

（1）偏移列表（RIP）

[r2]ip ip-prefix aa permit 3.3.3.3 24 
[r2]ip ip-prefix aa permit 34.0.0.0 24
[r2]int g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]rip metricout ip-prefix aa 2 

[r3]ip ip-prefix bb permit 24.0.0.0 24
[r3]int g0/0/0	
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]rip metricout ip-prefix bb 2

（2）route-policy（OSPF）

[r2]ip ip-prefix cc permit 12.0.0.0 24
[r2]ip ip-prefix cc permit 2.2.2.0 24 
[r2]route-policy cc permit node 10 
[r2-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix cc 
[r2-route-policy]apply cost-type type-1 
[r2-route-policy]q 
[r2]route-policy cc permit node 20 
[r2]ospf 1
[r2-ospf-1]import-route rip route-policy cc 

[r3]ip ip-prefix dd permit 13.0.0.0 24
[r3]route-policy dd permit node 10
[r3-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix dd
[r3-route-policy]apply cost-type type-1
[r3-route-policy]q
[r3]route-policy dd permit node 20
[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]import-route rip route-policy dd