DAY37--learning English

一、积累

1.starch

2.glutinous

3.allocate

4.accommodate

5.portion

6.scenic

7.maze

8.patent

9.pigeon

10.gracious

11.busting

12.dynamite

13.render

14.antagonistic

15.gum

16.foil

17.jewelry

18.nursery

19.pathetic

20.coyote

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二、练习

1.牛津原译

starch /stɑːtʃ/

1. [UC] a white carbohydrate food substance found in potatoes, flour, rice, etc.; food containing this

淀粉；含淀粉的食物

   - There's too much starch in your diet.你的日常饮食中淀粉含量太高。

   - You need to cut down on starches.你有必要少吃些含淀粉的东西。

2. [U] starch prepared in powder form or as a spray and used for making clothes, sheets, etc. stiff

（浆衣服、床单等用的）淀粉浆

[VN] [usually passive] to make clothes, sheets, etc. stiff using starch

把（衣服、床单等）浆一浆

   - a starched white shirt浆过的白衬衫

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glu·tin·ous adj.  /ˈɡluːtənəs/

sticky黏的；胶质的

•glutinous rice糯米

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Allocate v. /ˈæləkeɪt/

~ sth (for sth) ~ sth (to sb/sth) ~ (sb/sth) sth

to give sth officially to sb/sth for a particular purpose

拨…（给）；划…（归）；分配…（给）

- They intend to allocate more places to mature students this year.

今年他们打算给成人学生提供更多的名额。

- A large sum has been allocated for buying new books for the library.

已划拨了一大笔款子给图书馆购买新书。

More resources are being allocated to the project.

正在调拨更多的资源给这个项目。

The project is being allocated more resources.

这个项目正获得更多的资源。

Sure, here is the reformatted text:

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Accommodate v. /əˈkɒmədeɪt/

1. [VN] to provide sb with a room or place to sleep, live or sit

为（某人）提供住宿（或膳宿、座位等）

- The hotel can accommodate up to 500 guests.

这家旅馆可供500位旅客住宿。

2. [VN] to provide enough space for sb/sth

容纳；为…提供空间

- Over 70 minutes of music can be accommodated on one CD.

一张激光唱片可以容纳70多分钟的音乐。

3. [VN] (formal) to consider sth, such as sb's opinion or a fact, and be influenced by it when you are deciding what to do or explaining sth

考虑到；顾及

- Our proposal tries to accommodate the special needs of minority groups.

我们的提案尽量照顾到少数群体的特殊需要。

4. [VN] ~ sb (with sth) (formal) to help sb by doing what they want

帮忙；给…提供方便

SYN oblige

- I have accommodated the press a great deal, giving numerous interviews.

我多次接受采访，已给了报界许多方便。

5. ~ to sth ~ sth/yourself to sth (formal) to change your behaviour so that you can deal with a new situation better

顺应，适应（新情况）

[V]- I needed to accommodate to the new schedule.我需要适应新的时间表。

[also VN]

Portion n. /ˈpɔːʃn/

1. one part of sth larger 部分

- a substantial/significant portion of the population

人口中的一大部分╱重要部分

- Only a small portion of the budget is spent on books.

购书只占预算的一小部分。

- The central portion of the bridge collapsed.

桥的中段坍塌了。

2. an amount of food that is large enough for one person

（食物的）一份，一客

- a generous portion of meat

一大份肉

- She cut the cake into six small portions.

她把蛋糕切成了六小份。

3. [usually sing.] a part of sth that is shared with other people

分享的部分；分担的责任

SYN share

- You must accept a portion of the blame for this crisis.

你必须承担这次危机的一部分责任.

[ VN] ~ sth (out) to divide sth into parts or portions

把…分成若干份（或部分）

- The factory portions and packs over 12,000 meals a day.

这个工厂每天分装12,000多份饭食。

- Land was portioned out among the clans.

土地已分给了各个家族。

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Scenic adj. /ˈsiːnɪk/

1. [usually before noun] having beautiful natural scenery

风景优美的

- an area of scenic beauty风光秀丽的地区

- They took the scenic route back to the hotel.他们选了一条景色优美的路线回旅馆。

- a scenic drive驱车观光

2. [only before noun] connected with scenery in a theatre

舞台布景的

- scenic designs布景设计

DERIVATIVES

scenically adv.

/ˈsiːnɪkli/

- scenically attractive areas景色迷人的地区

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Maze n. /meɪz/

1. a system of paths separated by walls or hedges built in a park or garden, that is designed so that it is difficult to find your way through迷宫

- We got lost in the maze.我们在迷宫里迷失了方向。

(figurative)

- The building is a maze of corridors.这座建筑长廊交错，简直就是一座迷宫。

— compare labyrinth

2. [usually sing.] a large number of complicated rules or details that are difficult to understand

纷繁复杂的规则；复杂难懂的细节

- a maze of regulations

一大堆纷繁复杂的规章制度

3. (NAmE) a printed puzzle in which you have to draw a line that shows a way through a complicated pattern of lines迷宫图

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Patent n. /ˈpætnt/ (BrE also /ˈpeɪtnt/)

[ C, U] an official right to be the only person to make, use or sell a product or an invention; a document that proves this

专利权；专利证书

- to apply for/obtain a patent on an invention

申请╱获得发明专利权

- The device was protected by patent.这一装置受专利保护.

[only before noun]

1. connected with a patent有专利的；受专利保护的

- patent applications/laws专利申请；专利法

- the US Patent Office美国专利局

2. (of a product) made or sold by a particular company

专利生产的；专利经销的

- patent medicines专利药品

3. (formal) used to emphasize that something bad is very clear and obvious

明显的；赤裸裸的

SYN blatant

- It was a patent lie.那是赤裸裸的谎言.

[ VN] to obtain a patent for an invention or a process获得专利权

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Pigeon n. /ˈpɪdʒɪn/

a fat grey and white bird with short legs. Pigeons are common in cities and also live in woods and fields where people shoot them for sport or food.

鸽子

- the sound of pigeons cooing鸽子咕咕的叫声

— compare dove (1)

— see also carrier pigeon, clay pigeon shooting, homing pigeon, wood pigeon

IDIOMS

1. BE SB'S PIGEON

(old-fashioned) (BrE) to be someone's responsibility or business

是某人的职责（或事情）

— more at cat

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Gracious adj. /ˈɡreɪʃəs/

1. (of people or behavior) kind, polite and generous, especially to someone of a lower social position

（尤指对社会地位较低者）和蔼的，慈祥的，有礼貌的，宽厚的

- a gracious lady好心的女士

- a gracious smile慈祥的微笑

- He has not yet learned how to be gracious in defeat.

他还没有学会怎样豁达大度地面对失败。

2. [usually before noun] showing the comfort and easy way of life that wealth can bring富贵安逸的

- gracious living豪华安逸的生活

3. [only before noun] (BrE formal) used as a very polite word for royal people or their actions

（对王族及其行为的敬语）仁慈的，宽厚的

- her gracious Majesty the Queen仁慈的女王陛下

4. ~ (to someone) (of God) showing kindness and mercy

仁慈的；慈悲的；宽大的

- a gracious act of God上帝的慈悲

5. (becoming old-fashioned) used for expressing surprise

（表示惊异）天哪，老天爷，啊呀

- Goodness gracious!老天爷啊！

- ‘I hope you didn't mind my phoning you.’ ‘Good gracious, no, of course not.’

“我希望你不会介意我给你打电话。”“啊呀，当然不会。”

DERIVATIVES

1. gra·cious·ly

adv.

- She graciously accepted our invitation.她落落大方地接受了我们的邀请.

2. gra·cious·ness n. [U]

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bust /bʌst/ (bust, busted)

[verb - transitive]

1. to break something打破；摔碎

- I busted my camera.我把相机摔坏了。

- The lights are busted.灯泡被砸碎了。

- Come out, or I'll bust the door down!出来，不然我就砸门了！

2. [especially North American English] to make somebody lower in military rank as a punishment

（使）降级，降低军阶

SYN demote

3. [informal] to suddenly enter a place and search it or arrest somebody, usually done by the police突击搜查（或搜捕）

- He's been busted for drugs.他因涉嫌毒品而遭到逮捕。

[idioms]

1. bust a gut (doing something/to do something)

[informal] to make a great effort to do something

努力（做某事）

2. ... or bust

[informal] used to say that you will try very hard to get somewhere or achieve something

（表示将全力以赴）

- For him it's the Olympics or bust.他将竭尽全力参加奥运会。

[phrasal verbs]

1. bust up (informal)

[of a couple, friends, partners, etc.] to have an argument and separate吵翻；分手

SYN break up

2. bust something ↔ up (informal)

to make something end by disturbing or ruining it断送；毁灭

- It was his drinking that busted up his marriage.

是他的酗酒毁掉了他的婚姻。

[related noun]bust-up

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dynamite /ˈdaɪnəmaɪt/ [uncountable]

1. a powerful explosive

黄色炸药；甘油炸药；达纳炸药

- a stick of dynamite一根达纳炸药

2. something that is likely to cause a violent reaction or a lot of trouble

具有爆炸性的事物；（可能）引起轰动的事物；具有隐患的事物

- The abortion issue is political dynamite.

堕胎问题在政治上是个爆炸性的议题。

3. (informal, approving) an extremely impressive or exciting person or thing

轰动一时的人（或事物）

- Their new album is dynamite.

他们的新唱片引起轰动。

[verb - transitive]

to destroy or damage something using dynamite炸毁；爆破

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render /ˈrendər/ [transitive]

CAUSE SB/STH TO BE STH

1. (formal) to cause someone or something to be in a particular state or condition

使成为；使变得；使处于某状态

- to render something harmless/useless/ineffective

使某事物无害╱无用╱无效

- Hundreds of people were rendered homeless by the earthquake.

成百上千的人因为地震而无家可归。

GIVE HELP

2. to give someone something, especially in return for something or because it is expected给予；提供；回报

- to render a service to someone给某人提供服务

- They rendered assistance to the disaster victims.他们给灾民提供了援助.

- It was payment for services rendered.这是服务酬金。

PRESENT STH

3. (formal) to present something, especially when it is done officially

递交；呈献；提交

- The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation.

要求委员会提交一份有关住房情况的报告。

EXPRESS/PERFORM

4. (formal) to express or perform something

表达；表演；演示

- He stood up and rendered a beautiful version of 'Summertime'.

他站起来表演了一段优美的《夏日时光》.

- The artist has rendered the stormy sea in dark greens and browns.

画家用了深绿色和棕色来表现波涛汹涌的大海。

TRANSLATE

5. to express something in a different language

（用不同的语言）表达；翻译；把...译成

- The Italian phrase can be rendered as 'I did my best'.

这个意大利语的短语可以译为“我尽力了”.

- It's a concept that is difficult to render into English.

这个概念难以用英语来表达。

WALL

6. (technical) (British English) to cover a wall with a layer of plaster or cement

粉刷；给（墙壁）抹灰

MELT

7. to make fat liquid by heating it; to melt something

将（脂肪）熬成油；熔化

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antagonistic /ænˌtæɡəˈnɪstɪk/ [adjective]

~ (to/toward(s) sb/sth) (formal) showing or feeling opposition

对立情绪的；对抗的；敌对的；敌意的

SYN hostile

DERIVATIVES

antagonistically /ænˌtæɡəˈnɪstɪkli/ (adverb)

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gum /ɡʌm/

1. [countable, usually plural] either of the firm areas of flesh in the mouth to which the teeth are attached

   牙龈；齿龈；牙床

   - gum disease牙龈病

2. [uncountable] a sticky substance produced by some types of tree

   树胶；树脂

3. [uncountable] a type of glue used for sticking light things together, such as paper

   黏胶，胶质物（用以粘轻东西，如纸等）

4. [uncountable] = chewing gum

5. [countable] a firm transparent fruit-flavoured sweet/candy that you chew

   透明果味糖

   - fruit gums

     水果糖

IDIOMS

1. by gum!

   (British English, old-fashioned, informal) used to show surprise

   （表示惊讶）天啊，老天，啊呀( -mm- )

[transitive, usually passive] ~ A to B ~ sth (down)

(rather old-fashioned) to spread glue on the surface of something; to stick two things together with glue

在…上涂胶；用黏胶粘

- A large address label was gummed to the package.

  包装袋上贴上了一大张地址签条。

- gummed labels (= with glue on one side)涂胶标签

PHRASAL VERBS

1. gum sth ↔ up

   [usually passive] (British English, informal) to cover or fill something with a sticky substance so that it stops moving or working as it should用黏胶将某物粘牢

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foil /fɔɪl/

1. (British English, also silver foil) [uncountable] metal made into very thin sheets that is used for covering or wrapping things, especially food

   箔

   - aluminium foil (British English)铝箔

   - aluminum foil (North American English)铝箔

2. [uncountable] paper that is covered in very thin sheets of metal

   箔纸（覆有箔的纸）

   - The chocolates are individually wrapped in gold foil.

     巧克力用金箔纸一颗颗独立包装。

3. [countable] a person or thing that contrasts with, and therefore emphasizes, the qualities of another person or thing

   陪衬者；陪衬物

   - The pale walls provide a perfect foil for the furniture.

     浅色的墙壁完全衬托出家具的特色。

4. [countable] a long thin light sword used in the sport of fencing

   花剑

   [transitive, often passive] to stop something from happening, especially something illegal; to prevent somebody from doing something

   挫败，阻止，制止（非法活动等）

   - to foil a plan/crime/plot

     挫败计划/犯罪/阴谋

   - Customs officials foiled an attempt to smuggle the paintings out of the country.

     海关关员阻拦了一次企图走私画作出境的阴谋。

   - They were foiled in their attempt to smuggle the paintings.

     他们走私绘画作品的企图未能得逞。

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nursery /ˈnɜːsəri/ (plural: -ies)

1. = day nursery

2. = nursery school

   - Her youngest child is at nursery now.

     她最小的孩子现在上托儿所。

3. (North American English, old-fashioned) a room in a house where a baby sleeps

   婴儿室

4. (old-fashioned) a room in a house where young children can play

   （供游戏的）儿童室

5. a place where young plants and trees are grown for sale or for planting somewhere else

   苗圃

   (British English, only before noun) connected with the education of children from 2 to 5 years old

   幼儿教育

   - nursery education幼儿教育

   - a nursery teacher幼儿教师

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Pathetic adjective /pəˈθetɪk/

1. making you feel pity or sadness

   可怜的；可悲的；令人怜惜的

   SYN pitiful

   - a pathetic and lonely old man可怜又孤独的老翁

   - The starving children were a pathetic sight.

     饥饿的儿童看起来是一幅凄惨的景象。

2. (informal disapproving) weak and not successful

   无力的；不成功的

   SYN feeble

   - a pathetic excuse牵强的借口

   - She made a pathetic attempt to smile.她勉强地微微一笑。

   - You're pathetic!你真是废物！

DERIVATIVES

pathetically

adverb /-kli/

   - He cried pathetically.他哭得很悲伤.

   - a pathetically shy woman令人怜悯的腼腆女人

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Coyote noun /kaɪˈəʊti/ (North American English)

also /ˈkaɪoʊt/ or /kɔɪ‑/

(also prairie wolf) a North American wild animal of the dog family

丛林狼，草原狼（犬科动物，分布于北美）

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2.听写

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3.默写

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4.翻译

1.Starch: The chef used starch to thicken the sauce

（厨师用淀粉来勾芡。）

2. Glutinous: Sticky rice is known for its glutinous texture.

（糯米以其黏性而闻名。）

3. Allocate: The manager needs to allocate the budget wisely.

（经理需要明智地分配预算。）

4. Accommodate: The hotel can accommodate up to 200 guests.

（这家酒店可以容纳多达200位客人。）

5. Portion: Please divide the cake into equal portions.

（请把蛋糕分成相等的部分。）

6. Scenic: The drive along the coast was incredibly scenic.

（沿着海岸行驶的路线风景如画。）

7. Maze: Getting through the maze was a fun challenge.

（穿过迷宫是一个有趣的挑战。）

8. Patent: The inventor applied for a patent for his new invention.

（发明家为他的新发明申请了专利。）

9. Pigeon: The pigeon landed gracefully on the windowsill.

（鸽子优雅地落在窗台上。）

10. Gracious: She gave a gracious speech thanking everyone for their support.

（她发表了一篇慷慨的演讲，感谢大家的支持。）

11. Busting: The restaurant was bustling with customers during lunchtime.

（午餐时间，餐厅里熙熙攘攘，顾客络绎不绝。）

12. Dynamite: The demolition team used dynamite to bring down the old building.（拆除队使用炸药拆除了旧楼房。）

13. Render: The artist was able to render the landscape in stunning detail.

（艺术家能够以惊人的细节描绘风景。）

14. Antagonistic: The two rival teams had an antagonistic relationship on the field.（两支对手球队在赛场上关系敌对。）

15. Gum: He accidentally stepped on a piece of gum on the sidewalk.

（他不小心踩到了人行道上的一块口香糖。）

16. Foil: The detective's plan was foiled by a sudden turn of events.

（侦探的计划被突如其来的事件挫败了。）

17. Jewelry: She wore beautiful jewelry for the special occasion.

（她为这个特殊场合戴上了漂亮的珠宝。）

18. Nursery: The nursery is filled with colorful toys for the children to play with.

（托儿所里摆满了孩子们玩耍的彩色玩具。）

19. Pathetic: The puppy looked up at me with a pathetic expression, begging for food.（小狗用可怜的表情看着我，乞求食物。）

20. Coyote: The howl of a coyote echoed through the night.

（一只郊狼的嚎叫声在夜晚回荡。）

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