美国联合汽车工会的成员数下降至500000以下(上)

 

美国联合汽车工会的成员数下降至500000以下

文/王易见

 

    美国联合汽车工会成员数已经降至500000以下，这是自二战以来首次降低到500000以下。这源于底特律汽车制造商的大规模重组。

 

    工会周五提交给劳动部门的报告显示，截止2007年末它有464910名成员，而2006年末它有538448名成员。美国联合汽车工会拥有的成员数于1979年达到1500000的峰值之后，从来开始就逐年减少。

 

    位于底特律的韦恩州立大学的沃尔特页reuther图书馆指导员Mike Smith说，在1941年的时候，美国联合汽车工会成员数目少于500000，而到1945年，其成员数突破了1000000。

 

    在过去数年，由于国外竞争的加剧及受美国经济的影响，美国汽车销量锐减，通用汽车公司、福特汽车公司和克莱斯勒以及他们的供应商裁掉了数万员工。

 

    这三家汽车制造商目前提供买断UAW的钟点工。在2006年，超过67000个钟点工离开了通用和福特。克莱斯勒说它正努力，试图到2009年时裁掉45000个制造类职位中的21000个。

 

    加州大学伯克利分校教授Harley Shaiken是劳动问题的专家，他说在UAW，岗位流失的现象已经得到控制，UAW正在从中恢复过来。

 

    该联盟举办北美工厂的尝试以高失败，这些北美工厂由丰田公司、本田公司和其他亚洲和欧洲的汽车制造商来运营。“外商独资的汽车制造商仍然在考虑之中。尽管实施起来不会那么容易，但我不会撤销联盟。” Shaiken说。

 

    UAW发言人Roger Kerson拒绝对此置评。该联盟表示，劳动部门引用的会员等级对联盟的规模造成了一定的假象。他们通常会举一个为期12个月的平均成员数或是更高------UAW在2006年的12个月的平均成员数超过了576000，而在2007年超过了512560.

 

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以下是源于Google Fiance的原文：

UAW membership drops below 500,000

 

WASHINGTON (AP) - United Auto Workers union membership has fallen below 500,000 for the first time since World War II, reflecting the massive restructuring（大规模重组） undertaken by Detroit's automakers.

 

The union reported Friday in a filing with the Labor Department that it had 464,910 members by the end of 2007, compared with 538,448 at the end of 2006. UAW membership peaked in 1979 at 1.5 million but has been dropping ever since.

 

Mike Smith, director of the Walter P. Reuther Library at Wayne State University in Detroit, said the last time the UAW had fewer than 500,000 members was in 1941. By 1945, UAW membership had surpassed one million.

General Motors Corp. (NYSE:GM) , Ford Motor Co. (NYSE:F PRS) (NYSE:F PRA) (NYSE:F) and Chrysler LLC and their suppliers have cut tens of thousands of U.S. manufacturing jobs in the last few years as foreign competition and a weak economy have slowed U.S. auto sales.

 

All three automakers are currently offering buyouts to their UAW-represented hourly workers. In 2006, more than 67,000 hourly workers took buyouts to leave GM and Ford. Chrysler has said it is trying to cut 21,000 of its 45,000 U.S. manufacturing jobs by 2009.

 

Harley Shaiken, a professor at the University of California at Berkeley who specializes in labor issues, said the UAW has 'stopped the bleeding in terms of job losses' and is looking to rebuild.

 

The union's attempts at organizing North American plants run by Toyota Motor Corp. (NYSE:TM) , Honda Motor Co. (NYSE:HMC) and other Asian and European automakers have been unsuccessful. 'The foreign-owned（外商独资） automakers are still in their sights. None of this is going to be easy, but by the same token（出于同样的原因） I wouldn't write the union off（撤销联盟） Shaiken said.

 

UAW spokesman Roger Kerson declined to comment. The union has said membership levels cited （引用，引证，例证）by the Labor Department give a false impression of the union's size. They typically cite a 12-month average membership that is higher -- the UAW's 12-month average was more than 576,000 members in 2006 and 512,560 in 2007.

 

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