c++学习-oop-重载算数运算符

/*
	Date: 11/03/21 19:36
	Description:重载算数运算符
	算术运算符
		+	+=
		-	-=
		*	*=
		/	/=
		%	%/
	为了与内置操作符保持一致，算术操作符通常产生一个新值
	一般应使用复合赋值实现算术操作符
	例如:用+=来实现+ 
*/
#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

class Sales_item
{
public:
	Sales_item():units_sold(0),revenue(0.0){}
	Sales_item(const string& book,const unsigned units,const double price):
		isbn(book),units_sold(units),revenue(units*price){}
		
	friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out,const Sales_item& s);//友元函数
	friend istream& operator>>(istream& in,Sales_item& s);
	
	Sales_item& operator+=(const Sales_item&);
	Sales_item& operator-=(const Sales_item&);
private:
	string isbn;
	unsigned units_sold;
	double revenue;	
};

Sales_item operator+(const Sales_item&,const Sales_item&);
Sales_item operator-(const Sales_item&,const Sales_item&);

Sales_item& Sales_item::operator+=(const Sales_item& rhs)
{
	units_sold +=rhs.units_sold;
	revenue +=rhs.revenue;
	return *this;
}

Sales_item& Sales_item::operator-=(const Sales_item& rhs)
{
	units_sold -=rhs.units_sold;
	revenue -=rhs.revenue;
	return *this;
}

Sales_item operator+(const Sales_item& lhs,const Sales_item& rhs)
{
	Sales_item ret(lhs);
	ret  += rhs;
	return ret;
}

Sales_item operator-(const Sales_item& lhs,const Sales_item& rhs)
{
	Sales_item ret(lhs);
	ret  -= rhs;
	return ret;
}

ostream& operator<<(ostream& out,const Sales_item& s)
{
	out<<s.isbn<<"\t"<<s.units_sold<<"\t"<<s.revenue<<endl;
	return out;
}

istream& operator>>(istream& in,Sales_item& s)
{
	double price;
	in>>s.isbn>>s.units_sold>>price;
	if(in)
		s.revenue = s.units_sold * price;
	else
		s = Sales_item(); 
	return in;
}

int main()
{
	Sales_item item1("8859-1",2,20);
	Sales_item item2("8859-1",3,50);
	Sales_item result;
	item1 += item2;
	result = item1+item2;//返回的是一个新对象 
	
	cout<<item1;
	cout<<item2;
	cout<<result;
	Sales_item item3("8859-1",1,10);
	result -= item3;
	cout<<result;
	
	Sales_item item4("8859-1",1,30);
	Sales_item result2;
	result2=result-item4;
	cout<<result2;
	
	return 0;
}