https://github.com/Reputeless/PerlinNoise
template <class Float>
class BasicPerlinNoise
{
public:
static_assert(std::is_floating_point_v<Float>); // float、double和long double都是浮点数类型,用于存储小数和浮点数值。
///
//
// Typedefs
//
using state_type = std::array<std::uint8_t, 256>;
using value_type = Float;
using default_random_engine = std::mt19937;
using seed_type = typename default_random_engine::result_type;
///
//
// Constructors
//
SIVPERLIN_NODISCARD_CXX20
constexpr BasicPerlinNoise() noexcept;
SIVPERLIN_NODISCARD_CXX20
explicit BasicPerlinNoise(seed_type seed);
SIVPERLIN_CONCEPT_URBG
SIVPERLIN_NODISCARD_CXX20
explicit BasicPerlinNoise(URBG&& urbg);
///
//
// Reseed
//
void reseed(seed_type seed);
SIVPERLIN_CONCEPT_URBG
void reseed(URBG&& urbg);
///
//
// Serialization
//
[[nodiscard]]
constexpr const state_type& serialize() const noexcept;
constexpr void deserialize(const state_type& state) noexcept;
///
//
// Noise (The result is in the range [-1, 1])
//
[[nodiscard]]
value_type noise1D(value_type x) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type noise2D(value_type x, value_type y) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type noise3D(value_type x, value_type y, value_type z) const noexcept;
///
//
// Noise (The result is remapped to the range [0, 1])
//
[[nodiscard]]
value_type noise1D_01(value_type x) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type noise2D_01(value_type x, value_type y) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type noise3D_01(value_type x, value_type y, value_type z) const noexcept;
///
//
// Octave noise (The result can be out of the range [-1, 1])
//
[[nodiscard]]
value_type octave1D(value_type x, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type octave2D(value_type x, value_type y, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type octave3D(value_type x, value_type y, value_type z, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
///
//
// Octave noise (The result is clamped to the range [-1, 1])
//
[[nodiscard]]
value_type octave1D_11(value_type x, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type octave2D_11(value_type x, value_type y, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type octave3D_11(value_type x, value_type y, value_type z, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
///
//
// Octave noise (The result is clamped and remapped to the range [0, 1])
//
[[nodiscard]]
value_type octave1D_01(value_type x, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type octave2D_01(value_type x, value_type y, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type octave3D_01(value_type x, value_type y, value_type z, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
///
//
// Octave noise (The result is normalized to the range [-1, 1])
//
[[nodiscard]]
value_type normalizedOctave1D(value_type x, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type normalizedOctave2D(value_type x, value_type y, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type normalizedOctave3D(value_type x, value_type y, value_type z, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
///
//
// Octave noise (The result is normalized and remapped to the range [0, 1])
//
[[nodiscard]]
value_type normalizedOctave1D_01(value_type x, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type normalizedOctave2D_01(value_type x, value_type y, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type normalizedOctave3D_01(value_type x, value_type y, value_type z, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
private:
state_type m_permutation;
};
类模板构造函数
这段代码是使用了模板参数声明和SFINAE(Substitution Failure Is Not An Error)技术来限制BasicPerlinNoise
类模板的实例化条件。
template <class Float>
class BasicPerlinNoise
{
public:
template <class URBG, std::enable_if_t<std::conjunction_v<std::is_invocable<URBG&>, std::is_unsigned<std::invoke_result_t<URBG&>>>>* = nullptr>
explicit BasicPerlinNoise(URBG&& urbg);
};
这里定义了一个类模板BasicPerlinNoise
,它有一个模板参数Float
。在类中,定义了一个模板构造函数explicit BasicPerlinNoise(URBG&& urbg)
,它又有一个模板参数URBG
。这个模板参数声明的含义是:只有当URBG
类型满足std::conjunction_v<std::is_invocable<URBG&>, std::is_unsigned<std::invoke_result_t<URBG&>>
条件时,才会启用这个构造函数。
下面是对模板参数声明的解释:
- std::enable_if_t:启用如果满足条件才使用这个模板
- std::conjunction_v:合取运算符,相当于逻辑与,下面两个条件都需满足
- std::is_invocable<URBG&>: URBG类型必须是一个可调用的(调用操作符的)类型
- std::is_unsigned<std::invoke_result_t<URBG&>>:调用URBG后必须返回一个无符号整数类型
- std::invoke_result_t:获取调用后的返回类型
- = nullptr:这里使用了SFINAE技术,如果条件不满足,替代为nullptr类型,使模板实例化失败。
因此,这个模板参数声明确保了只有当传递给BasicPerlinNoise
构造函数的URBG
类型满足以上条件时,才会启用这个构造函数。
接下来是构造函数的实现:
template <class URBG, std::enable_if_t<std::conjunction_v<std::is_invocable<URBG&>, std::is_unsigned<std::invoke_result_t<URBG&>>>>*>
inline BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::BasicPerlinNoise(URBG&& urbg)
{
reseed(std::forward<URBG>(urbg));
}
这里对构造函数进行了实现,使用了模板参数声明中的条件来限制实现的条件。这就是SFINAE技术的应用,如果URBG
类型不满足条件,这个构造函数将不会被实例化。
总结一下就是:
这个模板的参数URBG必须是一个可调用的类型,调用后返回无符号整数,只有满足这两个条件,这个模板才能够正常实例化,否则实例化失败。
这样通过控制模板是否成功实例化,实现了一种函数重载的效果,是一个比较经典的C++模板编程技巧。
调用
using PerlinNoise = BasicPerlinNoise<double>;
PerlinNoise perlinA{ std::random_device{} };
using PerlinNoise = BasicPerlinNoise<double>;
这里将double类型传给了外层模板BasicPerlinNoise中的参数Float。
PerlinNoise perlinA{ std::random_device{} };
实例化了PerlinNoise,同时用std::random_device作为URBG构造函数的参数。
所以在这个例子中,模板参数URBG被std::random_device所赋值,std::random_device满足可调用、返回无符号整数的要求,所以可以成功实例化构造函数。
洗牌算法
template <class Float>
SIVPERLIN_CONCEPT_URBG_
inline void BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::reseed(URBG&& urbg)
{
std::iota(m_permutation.begin(), m_permutation.end(), uint8_t{ 0 });
perlin_detail::Shuffle(m_permutation.begin(), m_permutation.end(), std::forward<URBG>(urbg));
}
template <class RandomIt, class URBG>
inline void Shuffle(RandomIt first, RandomIt last, URBG&& urbg)
{
if (first == last)
{
return;
}
using difference_type = typename std::iterator_traits<RandomIt>::difference_type;
for (RandomIt it = first + 1; it < last; ++it)
{
const std::uint64_t n = static_cast<std::uint64_t>(it - first);
std::iter_swap(it, first + static_cast<difference_type>(Random(n, std::forward<URBG>(urbg))));
}
}
这段代码定义了一个模板函数Shuffle
,它接受两个迭代器first
和last
,以及一个随机数引擎urbg
作为参数。函数的作用是对指定范围内的元素进行洗牌操作。
让我们逐步解释这段代码:
template <class RandomIt, class URBG>
inline void Shuffle(RandomIt first, RandomIt last, URBG&& urbg)
{
if (first == last)
{
return;
}
这里定义了一个模板函数Shuffle
,它有两个模板参数RandomIt
和URBG
。函数接受两个迭代器first
和last
,以及一个引用类型的参数urbg
。如果first
和last
相等,函数直接返回,不进行任何操作。
using difference_type = typename std::iterator_traits<RandomIt>::difference_type;
这行代码使用std::iterator_traits
来获取RandomIt
迭代器的difference_type
,即两个迭代器之间的距离类型。
for (RandomIt it = first + 1; it < last; ++it)
{
const std::uint64_t n = static_cast<std::uint64_t>(it - first);
std::iter_swap(it, first + static_cast<difference_type>(Random(n, std::forward<URBG>(urbg))));
}
这段代码是洗牌算法的实现。它使用了std::iter_swap
函数来交换迭代器it
和first + Random(n, std::forward<URBG>(urbg))
位置上的元素。其中Random
是一个随机数生成函数,它使用了URBG
引擎生成一个随机数,并将其转换为difference_type
类型。这样就实现了对指定范围内的元素进行洗牌操作。
总之,这段代码实现了一个通用的洗牌函数Shuffle
,它可以接受任意类型的迭代器和随机数引擎,并对指定范围内的元素进行洗牌操作。
difference_type
是一个用于表示两个迭代器之间距离的类型。在C++中,迭代器的距离可以用一个整数类型来表示,这个整数类型就是difference_type
。
让我们通过一个简单的示例来说明difference_type
的作用。假设我们有一个std::vector<int>
,我们可以使用迭代器来遍历这个vector
中的元素,然后使用difference_type
来表示两个迭代器之间的距离。
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
int main() {
std::vector<int> vec = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
// 获取迭代器的difference_type
using difference_type = typename std::iterator_traits<std::vector<int>::iterator>::difference_type;
// 获取第一个和最后一个元素的迭代器
auto first = vec.begin();
auto last = vec.end();
// 计算两个迭代器之间的距离
difference_type distance = last - first;
std::cout << "Distance between first and last: " << distance << std::endl;
return 0;
}
在这个示例中,我们使用std::iterator_traits
来获取std::vector<int>
的迭代器类型的difference_type
。然后我们计算了first
和last
迭代器之间的距离,并将结果打印出来。
总之,difference_type
是用来表示两个迭代器之间距离的类型,它在泛型编程中经常被用来处理迭代器操作。
std::iota(m_permutation.begin(), m_permutation.end(), uint8_t{ 0 }):这一行使用std::iota算法来对m_permutation进行初始化,从0开始递增赋值。
源码
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// siv::PerlinNoise
// Perlin noise library for modern C++
//
// Copyright (C) 2013-2021 Ryo Suzuki <reputeless@gmail.com>
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files(the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and / or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions :
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
//
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# pragma once
# include <cstdint>
# include <algorithm>
# include <array>
# include <iterator>
# include <numeric>
# include <random>
# include <type_traits>
# if __has_include(<concepts>) && defined(__cpp_concepts)
# include <concepts>
# endif
// Library major version
# define SIVPERLIN_VERSION_MAJOR 3
// Library minor version
# define SIVPERLIN_VERSION_MINOR 0
// Library revision version
# define SIVPERLIN_VERSION_REVISION 0
// Library version
# define SIVPERLIN_VERSION ((SIVPERLIN_VERSION_MAJOR * 100 * 100) + (SIVPERLIN_VERSION_MINOR * 100) + (SIVPERLIN_VERSION_REVISION))
// [[nodiscard]] for constructors
# if (201907L <= __has_cpp_attribute(nodiscard))
# define SIVPERLIN_NODISCARD_CXX20 [[nodiscard]]
# else
# define SIVPERLIN_NODISCARD_CXX20
# endif
// std::uniform_random_bit_generator concept
# if __cpp_lib_concepts
# define SIVPERLIN_CONCEPT_URBG template <std::uniform_random_bit_generator URBG>
# define SIVPERLIN_CONCEPT_URBG_ template <std::uniform_random_bit_generator URBG>
# else
# define SIVPERLIN_CONCEPT_URBG template <class URBG, std::enable_if_t<std::conjunction_v<std::is_invocable<URBG&>, std::is_unsigned<std::invoke_result_t<URBG&>>>>* = nullptr>
# define SIVPERLIN_CONCEPT_URBG_ template <class URBG, std::enable_if_t<std::conjunction_v<std::is_invocable<URBG&>, std::is_unsigned<std::invoke_result_t<URBG&>>>>*>
# endif
// arbitrary value for increasing entropy
# ifndef SIVPERLIN_DEFAULT_Y
# define SIVPERLIN_DEFAULT_Y (0.12345)
# endif
// arbitrary value for increasing entropy
# ifndef SIVPERLIN_DEFAULT_Z
# define SIVPERLIN_DEFAULT_Z (0.34567)
# endif
namespace siv
{
template <class Float>
class BasicPerlinNoise
{
public:
static_assert(std::is_floating_point_v<Float>); // float、double和long double都是浮点数类型,用于存储小数和浮点数值。
///
//
// Typedefs
//
using state_type = std::array<std::uint8_t, 256>;
using value_type = Float;
using default_random_engine = std::mt19937;
using seed_type = typename default_random_engine::result_type;
///
//
// Constructors
//
SIVPERLIN_NODISCARD_CXX20
constexpr BasicPerlinNoise() noexcept;
SIVPERLIN_NODISCARD_CXX20
explicit BasicPerlinNoise(seed_type seed);
SIVPERLIN_CONCEPT_URBG
SIVPERLIN_NODISCARD_CXX20
explicit BasicPerlinNoise(URBG&& urbg);
///
//
// Reseed
//
void reseed(seed_type seed);
SIVPERLIN_CONCEPT_URBG
void reseed(URBG&& urbg);
///
//
// Serialization
//
[[nodiscard]]
constexpr const state_type& serialize() const noexcept;
constexpr void deserialize(const state_type& state) noexcept;
///
//
// Noise (The result is in the range [-1, 1])
//
[[nodiscard]]
value_type noise1D(value_type x) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type noise2D(value_type x, value_type y) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type noise3D(value_type x, value_type y, value_type z) const noexcept;
///
//
// Noise (The result is remapped to the range [0, 1])
//
[[nodiscard]]
value_type noise1D_01(value_type x) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type noise2D_01(value_type x, value_type y) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type noise3D_01(value_type x, value_type y, value_type z) const noexcept;
///
//
// Octave noise (The result can be out of the range [-1, 1])
//
[[nodiscard]]
value_type octave1D(value_type x, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type octave2D(value_type x, value_type y, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type octave3D(value_type x, value_type y, value_type z, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
///
//
// Octave noise (The result is clamped to the range [-1, 1])
//
[[nodiscard]]
value_type octave1D_11(value_type x, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type octave2D_11(value_type x, value_type y, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type octave3D_11(value_type x, value_type y, value_type z, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
///
//
// Octave noise (The result is clamped and remapped to the range [0, 1])
//
[[nodiscard]]
value_type octave1D_01(value_type x, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type octave2D_01(value_type x, value_type y, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type octave3D_01(value_type x, value_type y, value_type z, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
///
//
// Octave noise (The result is normalized to the range [-1, 1])
//
[[nodiscard]]
value_type normalizedOctave1D(value_type x, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type normalizedOctave2D(value_type x, value_type y, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type normalizedOctave3D(value_type x, value_type y, value_type z, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
///
//
// Octave noise (The result is normalized and remapped to the range [0, 1])
//
[[nodiscard]]
value_type normalizedOctave1D_01(value_type x, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type normalizedOctave2D_01(value_type x, value_type y, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
[[nodiscard]]
value_type normalizedOctave3D_01(value_type x, value_type y, value_type z, std::int32_t octaves, value_type persistence = value_type(0.5)) const noexcept;
private:
state_type m_permutation;
};
using PerlinNoise = BasicPerlinNoise<double>;
namespace perlin_detail
{
//
// These functions are provided for consistency.
// You may get different results from std::shuffle() with different standard library implementations.
//
SIVPERLIN_CONCEPT_URBG
[[nodiscard]]
inline std::uint64_t Random(const std::uint64_t max, URBG&& urbg)
{
return (urbg() % (max + 1));
}
template <class RandomIt, class URBG>
inline void Shuffle(RandomIt first, RandomIt last, URBG&& urbg)
{
if (first == last)
{
return;
}
using difference_type = typename std::iterator_traits<RandomIt>::difference_type;
for (RandomIt it = first + 1; it < last; ++it)
{
const std::uint64_t n = static_cast<std::uint64_t>(it - first);
std::iter_swap(it, first + static_cast<difference_type>(Random(n, std::forward<URBG>(urbg))));
}
}
//
template <class Float>
[[nodiscard]]
inline constexpr Float Fade(const Float t) noexcept
{
return t * t * t * (t * (t * 6 - 15) + 10);
}
template <class Float>
[[nodiscard]]
inline constexpr Float Lerp(const Float a, const Float b, const Float t) noexcept
{
return (a + (b - a) * t);
}
//https://www.cnblogs.com/leoin2012/p/7218033.html
template <class Float>
[[nodiscard]]
inline constexpr Float Grad(const std::uint8_t hash, const Float x, const Float y, const Float z) noexcept
{
const std::uint8_t h = hash & 15;
const Float u = h < 8 ? x : y;
const Float v = h < 4 ? y : h == 12 || h == 14 ? x : z;
return ((h & 1) == 0 ? u : -u) + ((h & 2) == 0 ? v : -v);
}
template <class Float>
[[nodiscard]]
inline constexpr Float Remap_01(const Float x) noexcept
{
return (x * Float(0.5) + Float(0.5));
}
template <class Float>
[[nodiscard]]
inline constexpr Float Clamp_11(const Float x) noexcept
{
return std::clamp(x, Float(-1.0), Float(1.0));
}
template <class Float>
[[nodiscard]]
inline constexpr Float RemapClamp_01(const Float x) noexcept
{
if (x <= Float(-1.0))
{
return Float(0.0);
}
else if (Float(1.0) <= x)
{
return Float(1.0);
}
return (x * Float(0.5) + Float(0.5));
}
template <class Noise, class Float>
[[nodiscard]]
inline auto Octave1D(const Noise& noise, Float x, const std::int32_t octaves, const Float persistence) noexcept
{
using value_type = Float;
value_type result = 0;
value_type amplitude = 1;
for (std::int32_t i = 0; i < octaves; ++i)
{
result += (noise.noise1D(x) * amplitude);
x *= 2;
amplitude *= persistence;
}
return result;
}
template <class Noise, class Float>
[[nodiscard]]
inline auto Octave2D(const Noise& noise, Float x, Float y, const std::int32_t octaves, const Float persistence) noexcept
{
using value_type = Float;
value_type result = 0;
value_type amplitude = 1;
for (std::int32_t i = 0; i < octaves; ++i)
{
result += (noise.noise2D(x, y) * amplitude);
x *= 2;
y *= 2;
amplitude *= persistence;
}
return result;
}
template <class Noise, class Float>
[[nodiscard]]
inline auto Octave3D(const Noise& noise, Float x, Float y, Float z, const std::int32_t octaves, const Float persistence) noexcept
{
using value_type = Float;
value_type result = 0;
value_type amplitude = 1;
for (std::int32_t i = 0; i < octaves; ++i)
{
result += (noise.noise3D(x, y, z) * amplitude);
x *= 2;
y *= 2;
z *= 2;
amplitude *= persistence;
}
return result;
}
template <class Float>
[[nodiscard]]
inline constexpr Float MaxAmplitude(const std::int32_t octaves, const Float persistence) noexcept
{
using value_type = Float;
value_type result = 0;
value_type amplitude = 1;
for (std::int32_t i = 0; i < octaves; ++i)
{
result += amplitude;
amplitude *= persistence;
}
return result;
}
}
///
template <class Float>
inline constexpr BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::BasicPerlinNoise() noexcept
: m_permutation{ 151,160,137,91,90,15,
131,13,201,95,96,53,194,233,7,225,140,36,103,30,69,142,8,99,37,240,21,10,23,
190, 6,148,247,120,234,75,0,26,197,62,94,252,219,203,117,35,11,32,57,177,33,
88,237,149,56,87,174,20,125,136,171,168, 68,175,74,165,71,134,139,48,27,166,
77,146,158,231,83,111,229,122,60,211,133,230,220,105,92,41,55,46,245,40,244,
102,143,54, 65,25,63,161, 1,216,80,73,209,76,132,187,208, 89,18,169,200,196,
135,130,116,188,159,86,164,100,109,198,173,186, 3,64,52,217,226,250,124,123,
5,202,38,147,118,126,255,82,85,212,207,206,59,227,47,16,58,17,182,189,28,42,
223,183,170,213,119,248,152, 2,44,154,163, 70,221,153,101,155,167, 43,172,9,
129,22,39,253, 19,98,108,110,79,113,224,232,178,185, 112,104,218,246,97,228,
251,34,242,193,238,210,144,12,191,179,162,241, 81,51,145,235,249,14,239,107,
49,192,214, 31,181,199,106,157,184, 84,204,176,115,121,50,45,127, 4,150,254,
138,236,205,93,222,114,67,29,24,72,243,141,128,195,78,66,215,61,156,180 } {}
template <class Float>
inline BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::BasicPerlinNoise(const seed_type seed)
{
reseed(seed);
}
template <class Float>
SIVPERLIN_CONCEPT_URBG_
inline BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::BasicPerlinNoise(URBG&& urbg)
{
reseed(std::forward<URBG>(urbg));
}
///
template <class Float>
inline void BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::reseed(const seed_type seed)
{
reseed(default_random_engine{ seed });
}
template <class Float>
SIVPERLIN_CONCEPT_URBG_
inline void BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::reseed(URBG&& urbg)
{
std::iota(m_permutation.begin(), m_permutation.end(), uint8_t{ 0 });
perlin_detail::Shuffle(m_permutation.begin(), m_permutation.end(), std::forward<URBG>(urbg));
}
///
template <class Float>
inline constexpr const typename BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::state_type& BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::serialize() const noexcept
{
return m_permutation;
}
template <class Float>
inline constexpr void BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::deserialize(const state_type& state) noexcept
{
m_permutation = state;
}
///
template <class Float>
inline typename BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::value_type BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::noise1D(const value_type x) const noexcept
{
return noise3D(x,
static_cast<value_type>(SIVPERLIN_DEFAULT_Y),
static_cast<value_type>(SIVPERLIN_DEFAULT_Z));
}
template <class Float>
inline typename BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::value_type BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::noise2D(const value_type x, const value_type y) const noexcept
{
return noise3D(x,
y,
static_cast<value_type>(SIVPERLIN_DEFAULT_Z));
}
template <class Float>
inline typename BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::value_type BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::noise3D(const value_type x, const value_type y, const value_type z) const noexcept
{
const value_type _x = std::floor(x);
const value_type _y = std::floor(y);
const value_type _z = std::floor(z);
const std::int32_t ix = static_cast<std::int32_t>(_x) & 255;
const std::int32_t iy = static_cast<std::int32_t>(_y) & 255;
const std::int32_t iz = static_cast<std::int32_t>(_z) & 255;
const value_type fx = (x - _x);
const value_type fy = (y - _y);
const value_type fz = (z - _z);
const value_type u = perlin_detail::Fade(fx);
const value_type v = perlin_detail::Fade(fy);
const value_type w = perlin_detail::Fade(fz);
const std::uint8_t A = (m_permutation[ix & 255] + iy) & 255;
const std::uint8_t B = (m_permutation[(ix + 1) & 255] + iy) & 255;
const std::uint8_t AA = (m_permutation[A] + iz) & 255;
const std::uint8_t AB = (m_permutation[(A + 1) & 255] + iz) & 255;
const std::uint8_t BA = (m_permutation[B] + iz) & 255;
const std::uint8_t BB = (m_permutation[(B + 1) & 255] + iz) & 255;
const value_type p0 = perlin_detail::Grad(m_permutation[AA], fx, fy, fz);
const value_type p1 = perlin_detail::Grad(m_permutation[BA], fx - 1, fy, fz);
const value_type p2 = perlin_detail::Grad(m_permutation[AB], fx, fy - 1, fz);
const value_type p3 = perlin_detail::Grad(m_permutation[BB], fx - 1, fy - 1, fz);
const value_type p4 = perlin_detail::Grad(m_permutation[(AA + 1) & 255], fx, fy, fz - 1);
const value_type p5 = perlin_detail::Grad(m_permutation[(BA + 1) & 255], fx - 1, fy, fz - 1);
const value_type p6 = perlin_detail::Grad(m_permutation[(AB + 1) & 255], fx, fy - 1, fz - 1);
const value_type p7 = perlin_detail::Grad(m_permutation[(BB + 1) & 255], fx - 1, fy - 1, fz - 1);
const value_type q0 = perlin_detail::Lerp(p0, p1, u);
const value_type q1 = perlin_detail::Lerp(p2, p3, u);
const value_type q2 = perlin_detail::Lerp(p4, p5, u);
const value_type q3 = perlin_detail::Lerp(p6, p7, u);
const value_type r0 = perlin_detail::Lerp(q0, q1, v);
const value_type r1 = perlin_detail::Lerp(q2, q3, v);
return perlin_detail::Lerp(r0, r1, w);
}
///
template <class Float>
inline typename BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::value_type BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::noise1D_01(const value_type x) const noexcept
{
return perlin_detail::Remap_01(noise1D(x));
}
template <class Float>
inline typename BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::value_type BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::noise2D_01(const value_type x, const value_type y) const noexcept
{
return perlin_detail::Remap_01(noise2D(x, y));
}
template <class Float>
inline typename BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::value_type BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::noise3D_01(const value_type x, const value_type y, const value_type z) const noexcept
{
return perlin_detail::Remap_01(noise3D(x, y, z));
}
///
template <class Float>
inline typename BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::value_type BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::octave1D(const value_type x, const std::int32_t octaves, const value_type persistence) const noexcept
{
return perlin_detail::Octave1D(*this, x, octaves, persistence);
}
template <class Float>
inline typename BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::value_type BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::octave2D(const value_type x, const value_type y, const std::int32_t octaves, const value_type persistence) const noexcept
{
return perlin_detail::Octave2D(*this, x, y, octaves, persistence);
}
template <class Float>
inline typename BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::value_type BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::octave3D(const value_type x, const value_type y, const value_type z, const std::int32_t octaves, const value_type persistence) const noexcept
{
return perlin_detail::Octave3D(*this, x, y, z, octaves, persistence);
}
///
template <class Float>
inline typename BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::value_type BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::octave1D_11(const value_type x, const std::int32_t octaves, const value_type persistence) const noexcept
{
return perlin_detail::Clamp_11(octave1D(x, octaves, persistence));
}
template <class Float>
inline typename BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::value_type BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::octave2D_11(const value_type x, const value_type y, const std::int32_t octaves, const value_type persistence) const noexcept
{
return perlin_detail::Clamp_11(octave2D(x, y, octaves, persistence));
}
template <class Float>
inline typename BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::value_type BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::octave3D_11(const value_type x, const value_type y, const value_type z, const std::int32_t octaves, const value_type persistence) const noexcept
{
return perlin_detail::Clamp_11(octave3D(x, y, z, octaves, persistence));
}
///
template <class Float>
inline typename BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::value_type BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::octave1D_01(const value_type x, const std::int32_t octaves, const value_type persistence) const noexcept
{
return perlin_detail::RemapClamp_01(octave1D(x, octaves, persistence));
}
template <class Float>
inline typename BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::value_type BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::octave2D_01(const value_type x, const value_type y, const std::int32_t octaves, const value_type persistence) const noexcept
{
return perlin_detail::RemapClamp_01(octave2D(x, y, octaves, persistence));
}
template <class Float>
inline typename BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::value_type BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::octave3D_01(const value_type x, const value_type y, const value_type z, const std::int32_t octaves, const value_type persistence) const noexcept
{
return perlin_detail::RemapClamp_01(octave3D(x, y, z, octaves, persistence));
}
///
template <class Float>
inline typename BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::value_type BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::normalizedOctave1D(const value_type x, const std::int32_t octaves, const value_type persistence) const noexcept
{
return (octave1D(x, octaves, persistence) / perlin_detail::MaxAmplitude(octaves, persistence));
}
template <class Float>
inline typename BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::value_type BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::normalizedOctave2D(const value_type x, const value_type y, const std::int32_t octaves, const value_type persistence) const noexcept
{
return (octave2D(x, y, octaves, persistence) / perlin_detail::MaxAmplitude(octaves, persistence));
}
template <class Float>
inline typename BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::value_type BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::normalizedOctave3D(const value_type x, const value_type y, const value_type z, const std::int32_t octaves, const value_type persistence) const noexcept
{
return (octave3D(x, y, z, octaves, persistence) / perlin_detail::MaxAmplitude(octaves, persistence));
}
///
template <class Float>
inline typename BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::value_type BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::normalizedOctave1D_01(const value_type x, const std::int32_t octaves, const value_type persistence) const noexcept
{
return perlin_detail::Remap_01(normalizedOctave1D(x, octaves, persistence));
}
template <class Float>
inline typename BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::value_type BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::normalizedOctave2D_01(const value_type x, const value_type y, const std::int32_t octaves, const value_type persistence) const noexcept
{
return perlin_detail::Remap_01(normalizedOctave2D(x, y, octaves, persistence));
}
template <class Float>
inline typename BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::value_type BasicPerlinNoise<Float>::normalizedOctave3D_01(const value_type x, const value_type y, const value_type z, const std::int32_t octaves, const value_type persistence) const noexcept
{
return perlin_detail::Remap_01(normalizedOctave3D(x, y, z, octaves, persistence));
}
}
# undef SIVPERLIN_NODISCARD_CXX20
# undef SIVPERLIN_CONCEPT_URBG
# undef SIVPERLIN_CONCEPT_URBG_
测试
# include <cassert>
# include <iostream>
# include <fstream>
# include <sstream>
# include "PerlinNoise.hpp"
# pragma pack (push, 1)
struct BMPHeader
{
std::uint16_t bfType;
std::uint32_t bfSize;
std::uint16_t bfReserved1;
std::uint16_t bfReserved2;
std::uint32_t bfOffBits;
std::uint32_t biSize;
std::int32_t biWidth;
std::int32_t biHeight;
std::uint16_t biPlanes;
std::uint16_t biBitCount;
std::uint32_t biCompression;
std::uint32_t biSizeImage;
std::int32_t biXPelsPerMeter;
std::int32_t biYPelsPerMeter;
std::uint32_t biClrUsed;
std::uint32_t biClrImportant;
};
static_assert(sizeof(BMPHeader) == 54);
# pragma pack (pop)
struct RGB
{
double r = 0.0;
double g = 0.0;
double b = 0.0;
constexpr RGB() = default;
explicit constexpr RGB(double _rgb) noexcept
: r{ _rgb }, g{ _rgb }, b{ _rgb } {}
constexpr RGB(double _r, double _g, double _b) noexcept
: r{ _r }, g{ _g }, b{ _b } {}
};
class Image
{
public:
Image() = default;
Image(std::size_t width, std::size_t height)
: m_data(width* height)
, m_width{ static_cast<std::int32_t>(width) }
, m_height{ static_cast<std::int32_t>(height) } {}
void set(std::int32_t x, std::int32_t y, const RGB& color)
{
if (not inBounds(y, x))
{
return;
}
m_data[static_cast<std::size_t>(y) * m_width + x] = color;
}
std::int32_t width() const noexcept { return m_width; }
std::int32_t height() const noexcept { return m_height; }
bool saveBMP(const std::string& path)
{
const std::int32_t rowSize = m_width * 3 + m_width % 4;
const std::uint32_t bmpsize = rowSize * m_height;
const BMPHeader header =
{
0x4d42,
static_cast<std::uint32_t>(bmpsize + sizeof(BMPHeader)),
0, 0, sizeof(BMPHeader), 40,
m_width, m_height, 1, 24,
0, bmpsize, 0, 0, 0, 0
};
if (std::ofstream ofs{ path, std::ios_base::binary })
{
ofs.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&header), sizeof(header));
std::vector<std::uint8_t> line(rowSize);
for (std::int32_t y = m_height - 1; -1 < y; --y)
{
size_t pos = 0;
for (std::int32_t x = 0; x < m_width; ++x)
{
const RGB& col = m_data[static_cast<std::size_t>(y) * m_width + x];
line[pos++] = ToUint8(col.b);
line[pos++] = ToUint8(col.g);
line[pos++] = ToUint8(col.r);
}
ofs.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(line.data()), line.size());
}
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
private:
std::vector<RGB> m_data;
std::int32_t m_width = 0, m_height = 0;
bool inBounds(std::int32_t y, std::int32_t x) const noexcept
{
return (0 <= y) && (y < m_height) && (0 <= x) && (x < m_width);
}
static constexpr std::uint8_t ToUint8(double x) noexcept
{
return (x <= 0.0) ? 0 : (1.0 <= x) ? 255 : static_cast<std::uint8_t>(x * 255.0 + 0.5);
}
};
void Test()
{
siv::PerlinNoise perlinA{ std::random_device{} };
siv::PerlinNoise perlinB;
perlinB.deserialize(perlinA.serialize());
assert(perlinA.octave3D(0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 4)
== perlinB.octave3D(0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 4));
perlinA.reseed(12345u);
perlinB.reseed(12345u);
assert(perlinA.octave3D(0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 4)
== perlinB.octave3D(0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 4));
perlinA.reseed(std::mt19937{ 67890u });
perlinB.reseed(std::mt19937{ 67890u });
assert(perlinA.octave3D(0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 4)
== perlinB.octave3D(0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 4));
for (std::int32_t y = 0; y < 20; ++y)
{
for (std::int32_t x = 0; x < 20; ++x)
{
const double noise = perlinA.octave2D_01(x * 0.1, y * 0.1, 6);
std::cout << static_cast<int>(std::floor(noise * 10) - 0.5);
}
std::cout << '\n';
}
}
int main9()
{
Test();
Image image{ 512, 512 };
std::cout << "---------------------------------\n";
std::cout << "* frequency [0.1 .. 8.0 .. 64.0] \n";
std::cout << "* octaves [1 .. 8 .. 16] \n";
std::cout << "* seed [0 .. 2^32-1] \n";
std::cout << "---------------------------------\n";
for (;;)
{
double frequency;
std::cout << "double frequency = ";
std::cin >> frequency;
frequency = std::clamp(frequency, 0.1, 64.0);
std::int32_t octaves;
std::cout << "int32 octaves = ";
std::cin >> octaves;
octaves = std::clamp(octaves, 1, 16);
std::uint32_t seed;
std::cout << "uint32 seed = ";
std::cin >> seed;
const siv::PerlinNoise perlin{ seed };
const double fx = (frequency / image.width());
const double fy = (frequency / image.height());
for (std::int32_t y = 0; y < image.height(); ++y)
{
for (std::int32_t x = 0; x < image.width(); ++x)
{
const RGB color(perlin.octave2D_01((x * fx), (y * fy), octaves));
image.set(x, y, color);
}
}
std::stringstream ss;
ss << 'f' << frequency << 'o' << octaves << '_' << seed << ".bmp";
if (image.saveBMP(ss.str()))
{
std::cout << "...saved \"" << ss.str() << "\"\n";
}
else
{
std::cout << "...failed\n";
}
char c;
std::cout << "continue? [y/n] >";
std::cin >> c;
if (c != 'y') break;
std::cout << '\n';
}
return 0;
}