回归与分类

    心路历程：近来学习机器学习基础，发现分不清分类和回归：单层感知器、线性回归、逻辑回归，因此简单研究了一下，得到最透彻的一段话是Andrew NG的课程中关于回归和分类的定义：

Supervised learning problems are categorized into "regression" and "classification" problems. In a regression problem, we are trying to predict results within a continuous output, meaning that we are trying to map input variables to some continuous function. In a classification problem, we are instead trying to predict results in adiscrete output. In other words, we are trying to map input variables into discrete categories.

Example:

Given data about the size of houses on the real estate market, try to predict their price. Price as a function of size is a continuous output, so this is a regression problem.

We could turn this example into a classification problem by instead making our output about whether the house "sells for more or less than the asking price." Here we are classifying the houses based on price into two discretecategories.

  总之，回归是找出x到y的映射关系，分类是找出若干个类别的决策面，回归的输出是连续的，而分类的输出是离散的

   最后还得提一点，单层感知器一般用来做分类，线性回归就是做数据拟合的，而逻辑回归一般作为一种分类器来使用，虽然他的输出是连续的，但是一般认为大于0.5的是一类，而小于0.5的是另一类。