Linux DBUS客户端程序

DBUS客户端程序，发送一个信号，信号携带int型数据。信号的object path为"/test/signal/server"，interface名为 "test.signal.Type"，信号名为"Test"。接收端可以根据这三个属性来判断是否是想接收的信号。

    使用dbus前要建立一个连接，通过这个连接连到dbus总线。DBusConnection *dbus_bus_get (DBusBusType type, DBusError *error) 函数就是建立连接用的。第一个参数为dbus连接类型，分为DBUS_BUS_SESSION（会话总线）和DBUS_BUS_SYSTEM（系统总线）。第二个参数用来返回错误消息。返回结果是与dbus建立的连接。

    连接建立好了，为了方便使用需要给它起个名字，用dbus_bus_request_name()函数。

    dbus_message_new_signal()用来创建一个信号。有个信号还需要往里添加数据。我把DBusMessageIter相当于一个数据容器指针。然后使用dbus_message_iter_init_append()将信号和数据指针挂上关系。然后往DBusMessageIter里挂数据，间接的往信号里放数据。再使用dbus_connection_send()把数据发出去，剩下的就等着接收端收了。

dbus_connection_send()表示发送消息，并且不接收返回。如果发送的消息需要回应，可使用dbus_connection_send_with_reply()函数。用法如下：

DBusPendingCall *pending_return;
if (!dbus_connection_send_with_reply(conn, msg, &pending_return, -1))	//发送后需要对方返回
{
        cout<<"Error in dbus_connection_send_with_reply\n";
        exit(1);
}

if(pending_return == NULL)
{
        cout<<"pending return is NULL"<<endl;
        exit(1);
}
dbus_connection_flush(conn);	//阻塞程序，直到传出消息队列为空
dbus_message_unref(msg);	//减少DBusMessage的引用计数，如果计数为0，则释放消息
dbus_pending_call_block(pending_return); //阻塞，直到pending call完成

DBusMessage *reply;
if ((reply = dbus_pending_call_steal_reply(pending_return)) == NULL)	//获得返回消息
{
        cout<<"Error in dbus_pending_call_steal_reply"<<endl;
        exit(1);
}

dbus_pending_call_unref(pending_return);	//减少pending call的参考计数，如果计数达到0，则将其释放
char *s;
if (dbus_message_get_args(reply, &dbus_error, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &s, DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) 
//得到消息内容。DBUS_TYPE_STRING表示消息类型，DBUS_TYPE_INVALID终止列表。此处表示判断是否获得DBUS_TYPE_STRING类型的消息
{
        cout<<"get reply: "<<s<<endl;
}

dbus_message_unref(reply);

 发送程序示意图：

//dbusclient.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <dbus/dbus.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <strings.h>

using namespace std;

const int RES_SUCCESS = -1;
const int RES_FAILED = 0;

int my_dbus_initialization(char const *_bus_name, DBusConnection **_conn, DBusBusType bustype)
{
    DBusError err;
    int ret;
    dbus_error_init(&err);					//DBusError need init before use
    *_conn = dbus_bus_get(bustype, &err);
    if (dbus_error_is_set(&err))
    {
        cout<<"Connection error"<<endl;
        dbus_error_free(&err);
        return RES_FAILED;
    }

    ret = dbus_bus_request_name(*_conn, _bus_name, DBUS_NAME_FLAG_REPLACE_EXISTING, &err);
    if (dbus_error_is_set(&err))
    {
        cout<<"Request name error"<<endl;
        dbus_error_free(&err);
        return RES_FAILED;
    }

    if (DBUS_REQUEST_NAME_REPLY_PRIMARY_OWNER != ret)
    {
        cout<<"owner failed"<<endl;
        return RES_FAILED;
    }

    return RES_SUCCESS;
}

int my_dbus_send_signal(DBusConnection *conn, uint32_t number)
{
    dbus_uint32_t serial = 0;
    DBusMessage *msg;
    DBusMessageIter args;

    msg = dbus_message_new_signal("/test/signal/server",        //object name of the signal
                                  "test.signal.Type",           //interface name of the signal
                                  "Test");                      //name of signal

    if (NULL == msg)
    {
        cout<<"Message Null";
        return RES_FAILED;
    }

    dbus_message_iter_init_append(msg, &args);

    if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&args, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &number))
    {
        cout<<"Out of memory"<<endl;
        return RES_FAILED;
    }
	cout<<"send data: "<<number<<endl;
    if (!dbus_connection_send(conn, msg, &serial))
    {
        cout<<"out of memory"<<endl;
        dbus_message_unref(msg);
        return RES_FAILED;
    }
    dbus_connection_flush(conn);
    dbus_message_unref(msg);

    return RES_SUCCESS;
}


int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
    DBusConnection *conn;
 
    if (RES_FAILED == my_dbus_initialization("test.signal.client", &conn, DBUS_BUS_SESSION))
    {
        exit(1);
    }
    cout<<"please input a number:";
    uint32_t number;
    cin>>number;
    my_dbus_send_signal(conn, number);


    return 0;
}

//编译命令：g++ -o dbusclient dbusclient.cpp -ldbus-1