#include <iostream>
int main()
{
using std::cin; // using declarations
using std::cout;
char ch;
int spaces = 0;
int total = 0;
cin.get(ch);
while (ch != '.') // quit at end of sentence
{
if (ch == ' ') // check if ch is a space
++spaces;
++total; // done every time
cin.get(ch);
}
cout << spaces << " spaces, " << total;
cout << " characters total in sentence\n";
// cin.get();
// cin.get();
return 0;
}
该代码展示了while和if的联合应用
需要注意的点是使用了cin.get(),字符总数中包括回车键生成的换行符
6.2 ifelse.cpp
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
char ch;
std::cout << "Type, and I shall repeat.\n";
std::cin.get(ch);
while (ch != '.')
{
if (ch == '\n')
std::cout << ch; // done if newline
else
std::cout << ++ch; // done otherwise
std::cin.get(ch);
}
// try ch + 1 instead of ++ch for interesting effect
std::cout << "\nPlease excuse the slight confusion.\n";
// std::cin.get();
// std::cin.get();
return 0;
}
该代码则对输出成员做了处理,用了if-else进行条件判断
输入成员如果不是空格,则加一位后输出,如果是回车,则输出回车
6.3 ifelseif.cpp
#include <iostream>
const int Fave = 27;
int main()
{
using namespace std;
int n;
cout << "Enter a number in the range 1-100 to find ";
cout << "my favorite number: ";
do
{
cin >> n;
if (n < Fave)
cout << "Too low -- guess again: ";
else if (n > Fave)
cout << "Too high -- guess again: ";
else
cout << Fave << " is right!\n";
} while (n != Fave);
// cin.get();
// cin.get();
return 0;
}