QT学习OpenGL序列-HelloTriangle

学习使用OpenGL显示三角形

(1) 头文件

#ifndef COPENGLWIDGETHELLOTRIANGLE_H
#define COPENGLWIDGETHELLOTRIANGLE_H

/*
 * 控件名称：Hello Triangle
 *
 *
 * 注意：STD C++ Version >= C++11
 *
 * Author: hsw
 *
*/
#include <QPainter>
#include <QPaintEngine>
#include <QKeyEvent>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QCoreApplication>
#include <QOpenGLWidget>          // OpenGLWidget
#include <QOpenGLFunctions>       // OpenGL函数
#include <QOpenGLShaderProgram>
#include <QOpenGLShader>
#include <QOpenGLBuffer>
#include <QVector3D>
#include <QVector>
#include <QMatrix4x4>

class COpenGLWidgetHelloTriangle : public QOpenGLWidget, public QOpenGLFunctions
{
public:
    COpenGLWidgetHelloTriangle(QWidget* parent = 0);
    ~COpenGLWidgetHelloTriangle();
protected:
    void initializeGL() override;
    void resizeGL(int width, int height) override;
    void paintGL() override;
protected:
    bool eventFilter(QObject *obj, QEvent *event);
signals:
    void m_openglCloseSgn();
private:
    void m_paintTriangle();
private:
    QWidget*         m_pParent;
private:
    // OpenGL
    QOpenGLShader*        m_pVShader;        // 顶点着色器
    QOpenGLShader*        m_pFShader;        // 片段着色器
    QOpenGLShaderProgram* m_pShaderProgram;  // 管理着色器
    QOpenGLBuffer         m_vBufferObject;   // 顶点的缓冲对象
    QVector<QVector3D>    m_vertices;        // 顶点数据
    int                   m_vertexAttr;      // 顶点数据对象
};

#endif // COPENGLWIDGETHELLOTRIANGLE_H

#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H

#include "copenglwidgethellotriangle.h"
#include <QMainWindow>

namespace Ui {
class MainWindow;
}

class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    explicit MainWindow(QWidget *parent = 0);
    ~MainWindow();
private:
    Ui::MainWindow *ui;
private:
    COpenGLWidgetHelloTriangle*   m_pRSOpenGLWidgetHelloTriangle;
};

#endif // MAINWINDOW_H

(2) Cpp文件

#include "copenglwidgethellotriangle.h"

COpenGLWidgetHelloTriangle::COpenGLWidgetHelloTriangle(QWidget *parent) : QOpenGLWidget(parent)
{
    m_pParent = parent;
    QSurfaceFormat format;
    format.setDepthBufferSize(24);
    format.setStencilBufferSize(8);
    QSurfaceFormat::setDefaultFormat(format);
}

COpenGLWidgetHelloTriangle::~COpenGLWidgetHelloTriangle()
{
    // TODO...
}

void COpenGLWidgetHelloTriangle::initializeGL()
{
    // 初始化OpenGL的函数
    initializeOpenGLFunctions();

    // 初始化顶点着色器
    m_pVShader = new QOpenGLShader(QOpenGLShader::Vertex);

    QString vShaderSrc = QString("#version 330 core \n")
            + QString("layout (location = 0) in vec3 aPos; \n")
            + QString("void main() \n")
            + QString("{ \n ")
            + QString("    gl_Position = vec4(aPos.x, aPos.y, aPos.z, 1.0);\n")
            + QString("} \n");


    m_pVShader->compileSourceCode(vShaderSrc);


    // 初始化片段着色器
    m_pFShader = new QOpenGLShader(QOpenGLShader::Fragment);

    QString fShaderSrc = QString("#version 330 core \n")
            + QString("out vec4 FragColor; \n")
            + QString("void main() \n")
            + QString("{  \n")
            + QString("    FragColor = vec4(1.0f, 0.5f, 0.2f, 1.0f); \n")
            + QString("} \n");

    m_pFShader->compileSourceCode(fShaderSrc);

    // 初始化着色器管理对象
    m_pShaderProgram = new QOpenGLShaderProgram;
    m_pShaderProgram->addShader(m_pVShader);
    m_pShaderProgram->addShader(m_pFShader);

    bool ret = m_pShaderProgram->link();

    if(ret == false)
    {
        qDebug() << "QOpenGLWidget Link Failed !";
    }

    m_vertexAttr = m_pShaderProgram->attributeLocation("aPos");
}


// 窗口调整
void COpenGLWidgetHelloTriangle::resizeGL(int width, int height)
{
    //
}

// 窗口重新绘制
// 注意：调用update()和paintEvent()时都会自动调用paintGL()
//
void COpenGLWidgetHelloTriangle::paintGL()
{
    QPainter painter;

    painter.begin(this);

    // OpenGL 绘制
    painter.beginNativePainting();

    glClearColor(0.2f, 0.3f, 0.3f, 1.0f);
    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

    glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);

    m_pShaderProgram->bind();
    m_paintTriangle();
    m_pShaderProgram->release();

    glDisable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);

    painter.endNativePainting();

    // QT 绘制
    painter.setPen(Qt::green);
    QString textInfo = QString("按\"ESC\"退出");
    painter.drawText(25, 25, textInfo);

    painter.end();
}

bool COpenGLWidgetHelloTriangle::eventFilter(QObject *obj, QEvent * event)
{
    if(obj == m_pParent)
    {
        QKeyEvent* keyEvent = static_cast<QKeyEvent*>(event);
        if(keyEvent != NULL)
        {
            if(keyEvent->type() == QKeyEvent::KeyPress)
            {
                if(keyEvent->key() == Qt::Key_Escape)
                {
                    qDebug() << "Close QOpenGLWidget";
                    QCoreApplication::quit();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    return false;
}


void COpenGLWidgetHelloTriangle::m_paintTriangle()
{
    if(!m_vBufferObject.isCreated())
    {
        // 三角形顶点
        static float vertices[] =
        {
            -0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,
            0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,
            0.0f,  0.5f, 0.0f
        };

        // 顶点缓冲区创建
        m_vBufferObject.create();
        m_vBufferObject.bind();
        m_vBufferObject.allocate(9 * sizeof(float));
        m_vBufferObject.write(0, vertices, sizeof(vertices));
        m_vBufferObject.release();
    }

    // 启用顶点
    m_pShaderProgram->enableAttributeArray(m_vertexAttr);
    // 绑定缓冲区
    m_vBufferObject.bind();
    m_pShaderProgram->setAttributeBuffer(m_vertexAttr, GL_FLOAT, 0, 3);
    m_vBufferObject.release();
    glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3);
    m_pShaderProgram->disableAttributeArray(m_vertexAttr);
}

#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"

MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) :
    QMainWindow(parent),
    ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);

    setWindowTitle(QString("LearnHelloTriangle"));

    m_pRSOpenGLWidgetHelloTriangle = new COpenGLWidgetHelloTriangle(this);

    ui->verticalLayout->addWidget(m_pRSOpenGLWidgetHelloTriangle);

    this->installEventFilter(m_pRSOpenGLWidgetHelloTriangle);
}

MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
    delete ui;
}

(3) 显示效果: