python数字图像处理（不同边缘检测算子的效果图对比）

在前面的文章中介绍过常用的几种边缘检测算子的用法，但没有做实际的效果图进行对比，所以本篇文章将以实际的实验结果来对比不同边缘检测算子的检测效果。

实验代码如下：

import cv2  
import numpy as np  
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']  # 用来正常显示中文标签
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False  # 用来正常显示负号 
#读取图像
img = cv2.imread("./imgs/sy3.png")
rgb_img = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)

#灰度化处理图像
grayImage = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)

#阈值处理
# ret, binary = cv2.threshold(grayImage, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)
binary=grayImage
#Roberts算子
kernelx = np.array([[-1,0],[0,1]], dtype=int)
kernely = np.array([[0,-1],[1,0]], dtype=int)
x = cv2.filter2D(binary, cv2.CV_16S, kernelx)
y = cv2.filter2D(binary, cv2.CV_16S, kernely)
absX = cv2.convertScaleAbs(x)     
absY = cv2.convertScaleAbs(y)    
Roberts = cv2.addWeighted(absX, 0.5, absY, 0.5, 0)

#Prewitt算子
kernelx = np.array([[1,1,1],[0,0,0],[-1,-1,-1]], dtype=int)
kernely = np.array([[-1,0,1],[-1,0,1],[-1,0,1]], dtype=int)
x = cv2.filter2D(binary, cv2.CV_16S, kernelx)
y = cv2.filter2D(binary, cv2.CV_16S, kernely)
absX = cv2.convertScaleAbs(x)  
absY = cv2.convertScaleAbs(y)    
Prewitt = cv2.addWeighted(absX,0.5,absY,0.5,0)

#Sobel算子
x = cv2.Sobel(binary, cv2.CV_16S, 1, 0)
y = cv2.Sobel(binary, cv2.CV_16S, 0, 1)    
absX = cv2.convertScaleAbs(x)   
absY = cv2.convertScaleAbs(y)    
Sobel = cv2.addWeighted(absX, 0.5, absY, 0.5, 0)

#拉普拉斯算子
dst = cv2.Laplacian(binary, cv2.CV_16S, ksize = 3)
Laplacian = cv2.convertScaleAbs(dst)

# Scharr算子
x = cv2.Scharr(binary, cv2.CV_32F, 1, 0) #X方向
y = cv2.Scharr(binary, cv2.CV_32F, 0, 1) #Y方向
absX = cv2.convertScaleAbs(x)       
absY = cv2.convertScaleAbs(y)
Scharr = cv2.addWeighted(absX, 0.5, absY, 0.5, 0)

#Canny算子
gaussianBlur = cv2.GaussianBlur(binary, (3,3), 0) #高斯滤波
Canny = cv2.Canny(gaussianBlur , 50, 150) 

#LOG算子
gaussianBlur = cv2.GaussianBlur(binary, (3,3), 0) #高斯滤波
dst = cv2.Laplacian(gaussianBlur, cv2.CV_16S, ksize = 3)
LOG = cv2.convertScaleAbs(dst)

#效果图
titles = ['Source Image', 'Binary Image', 'Roberts Image',
          'Prewitt Image','Sobel Image', 'Laplacian Image',
          'Scharr Image', 'Canny Image', 'LOG Image']  
images = [rgb_img, binary, Roberts, Prewitt,
          Sobel, Laplacian, Scharr, Canny, LOG]  
plt.figure(figsize=(10,6))
for i in range(9):
    plt.subplot(3,3,i+1),
    plt.imshow(images[i],'gray')  
    plt.title(titles[i])
    plt.axis('off') 
plt.show()  

实验结果如下：