pytorch系列教程(一)-训练和测试模型流程

前言

最近入坑pytorch框架，毕竟现在pytorch这么流行，怎么能不学习一波。一般来说训练和测试神经网络的流程基本上是大同小异的
  

训练

训练过程一般要做的事情如下

train_datasets = MyDataset()           # 第一步：构造Dataset对象
train_dataloader = DataLoader(train_datasets)# 第二步：通过DataLoader来构造迭代对象

model = MyNet()
#以交叉熵损失函数为例子
criterion = nn.CrossEntropyLoss()
#初始化优化器
optimizer = torch.optim.SGD(model.parameters(), lr=0.01)

num_epoches = 100
for epoch in range(num_epoches):# 第三步：逐步迭代数据
    model.train()
    for i,(inputs,labels) in enumerate(train_dataloader):
         optimizer.zero_grad()
         #通过输入得到预测的输出
         pred = model(inputs)
         #计算损失函数
         loss = criterion(pred, labels)
         #反向传播
         loss.backward()
         optimizer.step()
    #每隔10个batch_sie输出一次loss
    #len(train_datasets) // batch_size的含义是表示有多少个batch_size
    #上面循环中i的范围应该是从0到len(train_datasets) // batch_size-1
    if (i+1) % 10 == 0:
         print('Epoch:[%d/%d],Step:[%d/%d],Loss:%.4f' % (epoch + 1, num_epochs, i + 1, len(train_datasets) // batch_size, loss.item()))
#每次跑一次epoch都保存一下模型
torch.save(model, path)

例子：主要是参考了下面这篇博客
博客一：https://www.jianshu.com/p/1cd6333128a1

#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-

'''本文件用于举例说明pytorch保存和加载文件的方法'''

__author__ = 'puxitong from UESTC'


import torch as torch
import torchvision as tv
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.optim as optim
import torch.nn.functional as F
import torchvision.transforms as transforms
from torchvision.transforms import ToPILImage
import torch.backends.cudnn as cudnn
import datetime
import argparse

# 参数声明
batch_size = 32
epochs = 10
WORKERS = 0   # dataloder线程数
test_flag = True  #测试标志，True时加载保存好的模型进行测试 
ROOT = '/home/pxt/pytorch/cifar'  # MNIST数据集保存路径
log_dir = '/home/pxt/pytorch/logs/cifar_model.pth'  # 模型保存路径

# 加载MNIST数据集
transform = tv.transforms.Compose([
        transforms.ToTensor(),
        transforms.Normalize([0.5, 0.5, 0.5], [0.5, 0.5, 0.5])])

train_data = tv.datasets.CIFAR10(root=ROOT, train=True, download=True, transform=transform)
test_data = tv.datasets.CIFAR10(root=ROOT, train=False, download=False, transform=transform)

train_load = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(train_data, batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=True, num_workers=WORKERS)
test_load = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(test_data, batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=False, num_workers=WORKERS)


# 构造模型
class Net(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self):
        super(Net, self).__init__()
        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(3, 64, 3, padding=1)
        self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(64, 128, 3, padding=1)
        self.conv3 = nn.Conv2d(128, 256, 3, padding=1)
        self.conv4 = nn.Conv2d(256, 256, 3, padding=1)
        self.pool = nn.MaxPool2d(2, 2)
        self.fc1 = nn.Linear(256 * 8 * 8, 1024)
        self.fc2 = nn.Linear(1024, 256)
        self.fc3 = nn.Linear(256, 10)
    
    
    def forward(self, x):
        x = F.relu(self.conv1(x))
        x = self.pool(F.relu(self.conv2(x)))
        x = F.relu(self.conv3(x))
        x = self.pool(F.relu(self.conv4(x)))
        x = x.view(-1, x.size()[1] * x.size()[2] * x.size()[3])
        x = F.relu(self.fc1(x))
        x = F.relu(self.fc2(x))
        x = self.fc3(x)
        return x


model = Net().cuda()
criterion = nn.CrossEntropyLoss()
optimizer = optim.SGD(model.parameters(), lr=0.01)


# 模型训练
def train(model, train_loader, epoch):
    model.train()
    train_loss = 0
    for i, data in enumerate(train_loader, 0):
        x, y = data
        x = x.cuda()
        y = y.cuda()
        optimizer.zero_grad()
        y_hat = model(x)
        loss = criterion(y_hat, y)
        loss.backward()
        optimizer.step()
        train_loss += loss
    loss_mean = train_loss / (i+1)
    print('Train Epoch: {}\t Loss: {:.6f}'.format(epoch, loss_mean.item()))

# 模型测试
def test(model, test_loader):
    model.eval()
    test_loss = 0
    correct = 0
    with torch.no_grad():
        for i, data in enumerate(test_loader, 0):
            x, y = data
            x = x.cuda()
            y = y.cuda()
            y_hat = model(x)
            test_loss += criterion(y_hat, y).item()
            pred = y_hat.max(1, keepdim=True)[1]
            correct += pred.eq(y.view_as(pred)).sum().item()
        test_loss /= (i+1)
        print('Test set: Average loss: {:.4f}, Accuracy: {}/{} ({:.0f}%)\n'.format(
            test_loss, correct, len(test_data), 100. * correct / len(test_data)))


def main():

    # 如果test_flag=True,则加载已保存的模型
    if test_flag:
        # 加载保存的模型直接进行测试机验证，不进行此模块以后的步骤
        checkpoint = torch.load(log_dir)
        model.load_state_dict(checkpoint['model'])
        optimizer.load_state_dict(checkpoint['optimizer'])
        epochs = checkpoint['epoch']
        test(model, test_load)
        return

    for epoch in range(0, epochs):
        train(model, train_load, epoch)
        test(model, test_load)
        # 保存模型
        state = {'model':model.state_dict(), 'optimizer':optimizer.state_dict(), 'epoch':epoch}
        torch.save(state, log_dir)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

博客二：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_41424926/article/details/105383064#12__12

if __name__ == '__main__':
    epoch = 50
    batchsize = 5
    lr = 0.01

    train_data = VOC2012()
    train_dataloader = DataLoader(VOC2012(is_train=True),batch_size=batchsize,shuffle=True)

    model = YOLOv1_resnet().cuda()
    # model.children()里是按模块(Sequential)提取的子模块，而不是具体到每个层，具体可以参见pytorch帮助文档
    # 冻结resnet34特征提取层，特征提取层不参与参数更新
    for layer in model.children():
        layer.requires_grad = False
        break
    criterion = Loss_yolov1()
    optimizer = torch.optim.SGD(model.parameters(),lr=lr,momentum=0.9,weight_decay=0.0005)

    is_vis = False  # 是否进行可视化，如果没有visdom可以将其设置为false
    if is_vis:
        vis = visdom.Visdom()
        viswin1 = vis.line(np.array([0.]),np.array([0.]),opts=dict(title="Loss/Step",xlabel="100*step",ylabel="Loss"))

    for e in range(epoch):
        model.train()
        yl = torch.Tensor([0]).cuda()
        for i,(inputs,labels) in enumerate(train_dataloader):
            inputs = inputs.cuda()
            labels = labels.float().cuda()
            pred = model(inputs)
            loss = criterion(pred, labels)
            optimizer.zero_grad()
            loss.backward()
            optimizer.step()

            print("Epoch %d/%d| Step %d/%d| Loss: %.2f"%(e,epoch,i,len(train_data)//batchsize,loss))
            yl = yl + loss
            if is_vis and (i+1)%100==0:
                vis.line(np.array([yl.cpu().item()/(i+1)]),np.array([i+e*len(train_data)//batchsize]),win=viswin1,update='append')
        if (e+1)%10==0:
            torch.save(model,"./models_pkl/YOLOv1_epoch"+str(e+1)+".pkl")
            # compute_val_map(model)

  

测试

测试过程一般要做的事情如下

model = torch.load(path)
for i,(inputs,labels) in enumerate(test_dataloader):
     pred = model(inputs)