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原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/humanking7/article/details/80856505
1.概述
在上一个博文 [Matlab] Simulink 串口接收详解1 中,讲了一下Serial Precive
模块的简单用法,但是有时候我们接收的数据是具有复杂定义的数据包。这个时候就需要自己对得到数据进行2次解析。
1.1. S-Function模块设置
在这里我用Matlab
中的S-Function
写解析函数,如下图中的unPackData
模块,是 S-Function
模块。S-Function
函数( unPackData_Q.c
)将在后面讲解。
1.2. Data Type Conversion模块设置
还是一次接收一个16字节的uint8
数组,实际代表了2个double
的数据。之所以加一个数据转换模块,是因为S-Function
的输入是double
类型的。
如果不经过转换模块,则会报错:
- Data type mismatch. Input port 1 of ‘recCom_Union/unPackData’ expects a signal of data type ‘double’. However, it is driven by a signal of data type ‘uint8’.
- Data type mismatch. Output port 1 of ‘recCom_Union/Serial Receive’ is a signal of data type ‘uint8’. However, it is driving a signal of data type ‘double’.
2. 效果
用Qt
写的发送程序,每隔100ms
发送两个double
数据,这两个数据按照正弦信号输出:
number1 = A1*sin( w1 * time + d1)
number2 = A2*sin( w2 * time + d2)
接收效果如下图所示:
3. S-Function源码
3.1. S-Function源码 - unPackData_Q.c
#define S_FUNCTION_NAME unPackData_Q
#define S_FUNCTION_LEVEL 2
#include "simstruc.h"
#include "DataType.h"//收发数据类型
static void mdlInitializeSizes(SimStruct *S)
{
/* See sfuntmpl_doc.c for more details on the macros below */
ssSetNumSFcnParams(S, 0); /* Number of expected parameters */
if (ssGetNumSFcnParams(S) != ssGetSFcnParamsCount(S)) {
/* Return if number of expected != number of actual parameters */
return;
}
ssSetNumContStates(S, 0);
ssSetNumDiscStates(S, 0);
if (!ssSetNumInputPorts(S, 1)) return;//1个输入口
ssSetInputPortWidth(S, 0, 16);//16维
ssSetInputPortRequiredContiguous(S, 0, true); /*direct input signal access*/
/*
* Set direct feedthrough flag (1=yes, 0=no).
* A port has direct feedthrough if the input is used in either
* the mdlOutputs or mdlGetTimeOfNextVarHit functions.
* See matlabroot/simulink/src/sfuntmpl_directfeed.txt.
*/
ssSetInputPortDirectFeedThrough(S, 0, 1);
if (!ssSetNumOutputPorts(S, 1)) return;//1个输出口
ssSetOutputPortWidth(S, 0, 2);//宽度为2
ssSetNumSampleTimes(S, 1);
ssSetNumRWork(S, 0);
ssSetNumIWork(S, 0);
ssSetNumPWork(S, 0);
ssSetNumModes(S, 0);
ssSetNumNonsampledZCs(S, 0);
/* Specify the sim state compliance to be same as a built-in block */
ssSetSimStateCompliance(S, USE_DEFAULT_SIM_STATE);
ssSetOptions(S, 0);
}
/* Function: mdlInitializeSampleTimes =========================================
* Abstract:
* This function is used to specify the sample time(s) for your
* S-function. You must register the same number of sample times as
* specified in ssSetNumSampleTimes.
*/
static void mdlInitializeSampleTimes(SimStruct *S)
{
ssSetSampleTime(S, 0, CONTINUOUS_SAMPLE_TIME);
ssSetOffsetTime(S, 0, 0.0);
}
#define MDL_INITIALIZE_CONDITIONS /* Change to #undef to remove function */
#if defined(MDL_INITIALIZE_CONDITIONS)
/* Function: mdlInitializeConditions ========================================
* Abstract:
* In this function, you should initialize the continuous and discrete
* states for your S-function block. The initial states are placed
* in the state vector, ssGetContStates(S) or ssGetRealDiscStates(S).
* You can also perform any other initialization activities that your
* S-function may require. Note, this routine will be called at the
* start of simulation and if it is present in an enabled subsystem
* configured to reset states, it will be call when the enabled subsystem
* restarts execution to reset the states.
*/
static void mdlInitializeConditions(SimStruct *S)
{
}
#endif /* MDL_INITIALIZE_CONDITIONS */
#define MDL_START /* Change to #undef to remove function */
#if defined(MDL_START)
/* Function: mdlStart =======================================================
* Abstract:
* This function is called once at start of model execution. If you
* have states that should be initialized once, this is the place
* to do it.
*/
static void mdlStart(SimStruct *S)
{
}
#endif /* MDL_START */
/* Function: mdlOutputs =======================================================
* Abstract:
* In this function, you compute the outputs of your S-function
* block.
*/
static void mdlOutputs(SimStruct *S, int_T tid)
{//解析核心代码
int i;
Un_sendData revData;
const real_T *u = (const real_T*) ssGetInputPortSignal(S,0);
real_T *y = ssGetOutputPortSignal(S,0);
//Step1.赋值解析[用char的数组buf进行赋值]
for(i=0;i<16;i++)
{
revData.buf[i] = (uint8)(u[i]);
}
//Step2.输出[用double数组数据number进行解析]
y[0] = revData.number[0];
y[1] = revData.number[1];
}
#define MDL_UPDATE /* Change to #undef to remove function */
#if defined(MDL_UPDATE)
/* Function: mdlUpdate ======================================================
* Abstract:
* This function is called once for every major integration time step.
* Discrete states are typically updated here, but this function is useful
* for performing any tasks that should only take place once per
* integration step.
*/
static void mdlUpdate(SimStruct *S, int_T tid)
{
}
#endif /* MDL_UPDATE */
#define MDL_DERIVATIVES /* Change to #undef to remove function */
#if defined(MDL_DERIVATIVES)
/* Function: mdlDerivatives =================================================
* Abstract:
* In this function, you compute the S-function block's derivatives.
* The derivatives are placed in the derivative vector, ssGetdX(S).
*/
static void mdlDerivatives(SimStruct *S)
{
}
#endif /* MDL_DERIVATIVES */
/* Function: mdlTerminate =====================================================
* Abstract:
* In this function, you should perform any actions that are necessary
* at the termination of a simulation. For example, if memory was
* allocated in mdlStart, this is the place to free it.
*/
static void mdlTerminate(SimStruct *S)
{
}
/*======================================================*
* See sfuntmpl_doc.c for the optional S-function methods *
*======================================================*/
/*=============================*
* Required S-function trailer *
*=============================*/
#ifdef MATLAB_MEX_FILE /* Is this file being compiled as a MEX-file? */
#include "simulink.c" /* MEX-file interface mechanism */
#else
#include "cg_sfun.h" /* Code generation registration function */
#endif
3.2. 需要的头文件 - DataType.h
#ifndef _Q_DATA_TYPE_H_
#define _Q_DATA_TYPE_H_
//signed
typedef signed char int8;
typedef short int16;
typedef int int32;
typedef long long int64;
//unsigned
typedef unsigned char uint8;
typedef unsigned short uint16;
typedef unsigned int uint32;
typedef unsigned long long uint64;
typedef union //
{
char buf[16];//用于接收
double number[2];//用于处理
}Un_sendData;
#endif
4. 文件说明及下载
4.1 文件说明
QtSerialSend
文件夹: Qt写的串口发送程序;recCom.mdl
:Matlab串口接收程序;recCom_Union.mdl
:Matlab串口接收程序,用S-Function
进行解析;DataType.h
: 定义发送和接收的数据类型,被unPackData_Q.c
调用;unPackData_Q.c
:用C语言
写的S-Function
函数,编译后变成unPackData_Q.mexw64
,被recCom_Union.mdl
调用;unPackData_Q.mexw64
:由unPackData_Q.c
编译而成,被recCom_Union.mdl
调用。
4.2 文件下载
稍后我会上传这些资料到下载区:
- Matlab接收程序下载:https://download.csdn.net/download/humanking7/10510716
- Qt发送程序下载:https://download.csdn.net/download/humanking7/10510720