用servlet实现简单的登录
@date: 2020-10-20
本文是学习传智黑马Java视频的笔记
0 需求分析
- 在数据库中建一个用户信息表
- 当用户在表单中输入登录信息并提交之后，在数据库中查找是否有该用户
- 如果该用户存在，返回该用户的完整信息，并在网页上输出欢迎词。
- 如果该用户不存在，在网页端显示“用户名或密码错误”。
1 基础类
我们首先来建立一个用户类，来存放用户信息。
package brz.learn.itcast.domain;
/**
* 用户类
*/
public class User {
private int id;
private String username;
private String password;
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
}
2 数据库相关部分
2.1 准备MySQL中的数据库
在MySQL数据库中新建一个存储用户信息的 users 表：
create table users(
id int primary key auto_increment,
username varchar(30) unique not null,
password varchar(30) not null
);
并向其中插入两条临时数据：
insert into users(username, password) values('trump', '123456');
insert into users(username, password) values('biden', 'abandon');
此时 users表中的信息为
+----+----------+----------+
| id | username | password |
+----+----------+----------+
| 1 | trump | 123456 |
| 2 | biden | abandon |
+----+----------+----------+
2.2 设置配置文件
这里，我们将配置文件命名为 druid.properties，其内容如下所示，其中第二行为所用的数据库名字。
driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql:///javaweb
username=root
password=root
initialSize=5
maxActive=10
maxWait=3000
2.3 测试连接数据库
package brz.learn.itcast.dao;
import brz.learn.itcast.domain.User;
import brz.learn.itcast.utils.JDBCUtils;
import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
public class UserDao {
// 声明JDBCTemplate对象共享
private JdbcTemplate template = new JdbcTemplate(JDBCUtils.getDataSource());
/**
* 登录方法
* @param loginUser 只有用户名和密码
* @return user 包含用户全部数据
*/
public User login(User loginUser){
try {
// 编写 SQL
String sql = "select * from users where username = ? and password= ? ";
// 调用query方法
User user = template.queryForObject(sql,
new BeanPropertyRowMapper<User>(User.class),
loginUser.getUsername(), loginUser.getPassword());
return user;
}catch(DataAccessException e){
return null;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
User user = new User();
user.setUsername("trump");
user.setPassword("123456");
UserDao obj = new UserDao();
User returnUser = obj.login(user);
if(returnUser==null){
System.out.println("查询结果为空");
}else{
System.out.println("查询成功");
System.out.println(returnUser);
}
}
}
3 登录表单
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>登录</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/test/loginServlet" method="get">
<input type="text" placeholder="username" name="username"><br>
<input type="password" placeholder="password" name="password"><br>
<input type="submit" name="login">
</form>
</body>
</html>
界面比较简陋，效果如下所示
4 Servlet编写
4.1 LoginServlet
package brz.learn.itcast.web.servlet;
import brz.learn.itcast.dao.UserDao;
import brz.learn.itcast.domain.User;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet("/loginServlet")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 设置编码
req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
// 设置请求参数
String username = req.getParameter("username");
String password = req.getParameter("password");
// 封装User对象
User loginUser = new User();
loginUser.setUsername(username);
loginUser.setPassword(password);
// 调用UserDao的login方法
UserDao dao = new UserDao();
User user = dao.login(loginUser);
// 判断user
if(user==null){ // 登录失败
req.getRequestDispatcher("/failServlet").forward(req, resp);
}else{ // 登录成功
// 存储数据
req.setAttribute("user", user);
// 转发
req.getRequestDispatcher("/successServlet").forward(req, resp);
}
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//super.doPost(req, resp);
this.doGet(req, resp);
}
}
4.2 FailServlet
当登录失败时候的处理
package brz.learn.itcast.web.servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet("/failServlet")
public class FailServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 设置编码
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
// 输出
response.getWriter().write("登录失败，用户名或密码错误");
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request, response);
}
}
4.3 SuccessServlet
当登录成功时的处理
package brz.learn.itcast.web.servlet;
import brz.learn.itcast.domain.User;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet("/successServlet")
public class SuccessServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 获取request域中共享的user对象
User user = (User) request.getAttribute("user");
if(user!=null){
// 设置编码
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
// 输出
response.getWriter().write("登录成功！"+user.getUsername()+"，欢迎您");
}
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request, response);
}
}
5 效果展示
输入
trump
123456
提交结果为
输入
trump
abandon
提交结果为
5221
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