设计模式——策略模式

使用QT，新建QWidget工程。

widget.h如下：

#ifndef WIDGET_H
#define WIDGET_H

#include <QWidget>
#include <QDebug>

namespace Ui {
class Widget;
}

class TaxStrategy {
public:
    virtual double Calculate(QVariantMap var) = 0;
    virtual ~TaxStrategy();
};

class CnTax : public TaxStrategy {
public:
    virtual double Calculate(QVariantMap var);
};

class UsTax : public TaxStrategy {
public:
    virtual double Calculate(QVariantMap var);
};

class StrategyFactory {
public:
    virtual TaxStrategy* NewStrategy(void) = 0;
    virtual ~StrategyFactory();
};

class CnStrategyFactory : public StrategyFactory {
public:
    virtual TaxStrategy* NewStrategy(void);
};

class UsStrategyFactory : public StrategyFactory {
public:
    virtual TaxStrategy* NewStrategy(void);
};

class Widget : public QWidget {
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    explicit Widget(StrategyFactory *factory, QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~Widget();
private slots:
    void on_pushButton_clicked();

private:
    Ui::Widget *ui;
    TaxStrategy* m_strategy;
    StrategyFactory* m_factory;
};

#endif // WIDGET_H

widget.cpp如下：

#include "widget.h"
#include "ui_widget.h"

Widget::Widget(StrategyFactory *factory,QWidget *parent) : QWidget(parent), ui(new Ui::Widget) {
    ui->setupUi(this);
    m_factory = factory;
    this->m_strategy = m_factory->NewStrategy();
}

Widget::~Widget() {
    delete ui;
    delete this->m_strategy;
}

TaxStrategy::~TaxStrategy() { }

double CnTax::Calculate(QVariantMap var) {
    qDebug()<<"CnTax Calculate";
    return 0;
}

double UsTax::Calculate(QVariantMap var) {
    qDebug()<<"UsTax Calculate";
    return 0;
}

void Widget::on_pushButton_clicked() {
    QVariantMap var;
    m_strategy->Calculate(var);
}

StrategyFactory::~StrategyFactory() { }

TaxStrategy *CnStrategyFactory::NewStrategy() {
    return new CnTax;
}

TaxStrategy *UsStrategyFactory::NewStrategy() {
    return new UsTax;
}

main.cpp如下：

#include "widget.h"
#include <QApplication>

int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
    QApplication a(argc, argv);

    CnStrategyFactory* cn = new CnStrategyFactory;
    UsStrategyFactory* us = new UsStrategyFactory;

    Widget w1(cn);
    w1.show();

    Widget w2(us);
    w2.show();

    return a.exec();
}

widget.ui如下：

运行结果如下：

产生两个Widget窗口，分别点击PushButton，会打印不同的信息。

说明：这里使用两个TaxStrategy的子类来计算不用的税法，来适应变化。策略模式与工厂模式非常相似，只是考虑的点不同，策略模式考虑的是接口相同但是方法(算法)不同，方法(算法)会变化。而工厂模式考虑的是生成对象，在当前类中绕开new。