JAVA基础复习Day08
1. 稀疏数组
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当一个数组中大部分元素为0, 或者为同一值的数组时,可以使用稀疏数组来保存该数组
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稀疏数组的处理方式:
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记录数组有几行几列, 有多少个不同值
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把具有不同值的元素的行、列以及值都记录在一个规模比较小的数组中,从而缩小程序的规模
如下图:
原始数组:
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稀疏数组:
代码实现:
int[][] arr1= new int[11][11];
arr1[1][2] = 1;
arr1[2][3] = 3;
arr1[4][5] = 12;
arr1[6][3] = 45;
for (int[] ints : arr1) {
for (int anInt : ints) {
System.out.print(anInt + "\t");
}
System.out.println();
}
//转换为稀疏数组
//获取有效值的个数
int usefulCount = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < arr1.length; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < arr1[i].length; j++) {
if (arr1[i][j] != 0){
usefulCount++;
}
}
}
System.out.println(usefulCount);
int[][] fewArray = new int[usefulCount+1][3];
fewArray[0][0] = 11;
fewArray[0][1] = 11;
fewArray[0][2] = usefulCount;
//遍历二维数组, 将非零的值存到稀疏数组中
int count = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < arr1.length; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < arr1[i].length; j++) {
if (arr1[i][j] != 0) {
count++;
fewArray[count][0] = i;
fewArray[count][1] = j;
fewArray[count][2] = arr1[i][j];
}
}
}
//输出稀疏数组
for (int i = 0; i < fewArray.length; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < fewArray[i].length; j++) {
System.out.print(fewArray[i][j] + "\t");
}
System.out.println();
}
//还原为原始数组
int[][] arr3 = new int[fewArray[0][0]][fewArray[0][1]];
for (int i = 1; i < fewArray.length; i++) {
arr3[fewArray[i][0]][fewArray[i][1]] = fewArray[i][2];
}
System.out.println("==============还原============");
for (int[] ints : arr3) {
for (int anInt : ints) {
System.out.print(anInt + "\t");
}
System.out.println();
}
2.方法的定义及加深
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break和return语句
return是结束方法返回,void时候可以为空
public static void main(String[] args) { test1(3,2); System.out.println("继续执行"); } public static void test1(int a, int b){ if (a > b) { System.out.println("a is larger than b"); return; } else if (a == b) { System.out.println(a); } else { System.out.println(b); } System.out.println(a%b); }
3. 面向对象
只记录经常容易忘得概念和
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构造器(Constructor)
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默认的是会有无参构造
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当显式声明定义了有参构造时, 如果还想用无参构造必须要显示定义无参构造器
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格式
public 类名(参数){
方法体//一般用来给属性赋值
}
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未完待续