光照贴图

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最新推荐文章于 2023-03-09 18:03:43 发布

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漫反射贴图(Diffuse texture)

我们希望通过某种方式对每个原始像素独立设置diffuse颜色。它基本就是一个纹理：使用一张图片覆盖住物体，以便我们为每个原始像素索引独立颜色值。在光照场景中，通过纹理来呈现一个物体的diffuse颜色，这个做法被称做漫反射贴图(Diffuse texture)。

贴图：

在片段着色器中，我们创建一个结构体(Struct)，来储存物体的材质属性。

struct Material
{
    sampler2D diffuse; //移除amibient材质颜色向量，因为ambient颜色绝大多数情况等于diffuse颜色，所以不需要分别去储存它
    sampler2D specular;
    float shininess;
}; //材质结构体
uniform Material mater;

要记住的是sampler2D也叫做模糊类型，这意味着我们不能以某种类型对它实例化，只能用uniform定义它们。如果我们用结构体而不是uniform实例化（就像函数的参数那样），GLSL会抛出奇怪的错误；这同样也适用于其他模糊类型。

注意，在片段着色器中我们将会再次需要纹理坐标，所以我们声明一个额外输入变量。然后我们简单地从纹理采样，来获得原始像素的diffuse颜色值：

vec3 diffuse = light.diffuse * diff * vec3(texture(material.diffuse, TexCoords));

同样，不要忘记把ambient材质的颜色设置为diffuse材质的颜色：

vec3 ambient = light.ambient * vec3(texture(material.diffuse, TexCoords));

全部fragment shader：

//lightmap.fsh, 物体的fragment shader, 实现光照贴图

varying vec3 v_normal; //需要把法向量由顶点着色器传递到片段着色器
varying vec3 v_fragpos; //片段的位置，用以计算每个片段的法向量
varying vec2 v_texCoord; //纹理坐标

//uniform vec3 objectColor;
//uniform vec3 lightColor;
uniform vec3 lightpos; //传入灯光的位置
uniform vec3 viewPos; //摄像机位置, 观察者的世界空间坐标，我们简单地使用摄像机对象的位置坐标代替(它就是观察者)

struct Material
{
    sampler2D diffuse; //移除amibient材质颜色向量，因为ambient颜色绝大多数情况等于diffuse颜色，所以不需要分别去储存它
    sampler2D specular;
    float shininess;
}; //材质结构体
uniform Material mater;

struct LightStrength
{
    vec3 ambient;
    vec3 diffuse;
    vec3 specular;
}; //光照强度
uniform LightStrength lsth;

void main()
{
    vec3 texdiffuse = vec3(texture2D(mater.diffuse, v_texCoord));

    //环境光
    vec3 ambient = lsth.ambient * texdiffuse;
    
    //漫反射
    vec3 norm = normalize(v_normal);
    vec3 lightdir = normalize(lightpos - v_fragpos);
    float diff = max(dot(norm, lightdir), 0.0);
    vec3 diffuse = lsth.diffuse * diff * texdiffuse;
    
    //镜面反射
    float specularStrenth = 0.5; //镜面强度
    vec3 viewDir = normalize(viewPos - v_fragpos);
    vec3 reflectDir = reflect(-lightdir, norm);
    float spec = pow(max(dot(viewDir, reflectDir), 0.0), mater.shininess); //这个32是高光的发光值(Shininess)。一个物体的发光值越高，反射光的能力越强，散射得越少，高光点越小。
    vec3 specular = lsth.specular * spec * vec3(texture2D(mater.specular, v_texCoord));
    
    vec3 result = ambient + diffuse + specular;
    gl_FragColor = vec4(result, 1.0);
}

顶点数据现在包括了顶点位置，法线向量和纹理坐标，每个立方体的顶点都有这些属性。让我们更新顶点着色器来接受纹理坐标作为顶点属性，然后发送到片段着色器：

GLfloat vertices[] = {
        // Positions           // Normals           // Texture Coords
        -0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f, 0.0f,
        0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
        0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f,
        0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f,
        -0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
        -0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f, 0.0f,
        
        -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,   0.0f, 0.0f,
        0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,   1.0f, 0.0f,
        0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,   1.0f, 1.0f,
        0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,   1.0f, 1.0f,
        -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,   0.0f, 1.0f,
        -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,   0.0f, 0.0f,
        
        -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
        -0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f,
        -0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
        -0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
        -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 0.0f,
        -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
        
        0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
        0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f,
        0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
        0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
        0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 0.0f,
        0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
        
        -0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
        0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f,
        0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
        0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
        -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 0.0f,
        -0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
        
        -0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
        0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f,
        0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
        0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
        -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 0.0f,
        -0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f
    };

顶点着色器：

//lightmap.vsh， 物体的vertex shader
attribute vec3 a_position;
attribute vec3 a_normal;
attribute vec2 a_texCoord; //纹理坐标

varying vec3 v_normal; //把法向量传给 fragment shader
varying vec3 v_fragpos; //片段的位置
varying vec2 v_texCoord; //纹理坐标

uniform mat4 model;
uniform mat4 view;
uniform mat4 projection;

void main(){
    gl_Position = projection * view * model * vec4(a_position, 1.0);
    v_fragpos = vec3(model * vec4(a_position, 1.0));
    v_normal = a_normal;
    v_texCoord = a_texCoord;
}

给fragment shader 的纹理传值：

    GL::bindTexture2DN(0, diffuseTexture);
    glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(program->getProgram(), "mater.diffuse"), 0);

镜面贴图（specular map）

我们同样用一个纹理贴图，来获得镜面高光。这意味着我们需要生成一个黑白（或者你喜欢的颜色）纹理来定义specular亮度，把它应用到物体的每个部分。贴图：

一个specular高光的亮度可以通过图片中每个纹理的亮度来获得。specular贴图的每个像素可以显示为一个颜色向量，比如：在那里黑色代表颜色向量vec3(0.0f)，灰色是vec3(0.5f)。在片段着色器中，我们采样相应的颜色值，把它乘以光的specular亮度。像素越“白”，乘积的结果越大，物体的specualr部分越亮。

由于箱子几乎是由木头组成，木头作为一个材质不会有镜面高光，整个木头部分的diffuse纹理被用黑色覆盖：黑色部分不会包含任何specular高光。箱子的铁边有一个修改的specular亮度，它自身更容易受到镜面高光影响，木纹部分则不会。

从技术上来讲，木头也有镜面高光，尽管这个闪亮值很小（更多的光被散射），影响很小，但是为了学习目的，我们可以假装木头不会有任何specular光反射。

使用Photoshop或Gimp之类的工具，通过将图片进行裁剪，将某部分调整成黑白图样，并调整亮度/对比度的做法，可以非常容易将一个diffuse纹理贴图处理为specular贴图。

全部代码：

//
//  OpenGLLightingMap.cpp
//  shaderTest
//  
//  Created by MacSBL on 2017/1/10.
//
//

#include "OpenGLLightingMap.h"

bool OpenGLLightingMap::init()
{
    if (!Layer::init()) {
        return false;
    }
    origin = Director::getInstance()->getVisibleOrigin();
    vsize = Director::getInstance()->getVisibleSize();
    
    GLfloat vertices[] = {
        // Positions           // Normals           // Texture Coords
        -0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f, 0.0f,
        0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
        0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f,
        0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f,
        -0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
        -0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f, 0.0f,
        
        -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,   0.0f, 0.0f,
        0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,   1.0f, 0.0f,
        0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,   1.0f, 1.0f,
        0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,   1.0f, 1.0f,
        -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,   0.0f, 1.0f,
        -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,   0.0f, 0.0f,
        
        -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
        -0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f,
        -0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
        -0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
        -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 0.0f,
        -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
        
        0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
        0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f,
        0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
        0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
        0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 0.0f,
        0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
        
        -0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
        0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f,
        0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
        0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
        -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 0.0f,
        -0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
        
        -0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
        0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f,
        0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
        0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
        -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 0.0f,
        -0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f
    };
//    auto difsprite = Sprite::create("container2.png");
//    diffuseTexture = difsprite->getTexture()->getName();
    
    auto spcsprite = Sprite::create("container2_specular.png");
    specularTexture = spcsprite->getTexture()->getName();
    
    //以下方法绑定纹理失败，原因: glTexImage2D 中的2个 GL_RGB 都改为 GL_RGBA即可。 跟图片是否有alpha通道有关？？
    //绑定纹理
    glGenTextures(1, &diffuseTexture);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, diffuseTexture);
    
   
    //纹理环绕方式
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
    //纹理过滤
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);

     //加载纹理
    Image* img = new Image();
    img->initWithImageFile("container2.png");
    GLsizei width = img->getWidth();
    GLsizei height = img->getHeight();
    unsigned char* imgdata = img->getData();
    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, width, height, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, imgdata);
    glGenerateMipmap(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
    //释放内存，解绑texture
    CC_SAFE_DELETE(img);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
 
    //——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
    //设置 glprogram
    auto program = new GLProgram();
    program->initWithFilenames("lightmap.vsh", "lightmap.fsh");
    program->link();
    this->setGLProgram(program);
    //——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
    
    //物体的vao
    glGenVertexArrays(1, &vao);
    glBindVertexArray(vao);
    
    GLuint vbo;
    glGenBuffers(1, &vbo);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
    
    //把顶点数据传给 object.vsh vertex shader 的第一个属性（索引为0）
    GLuint posloc = glGetAttribLocation(program->getProgram(), "a_position");
    glVertexAttribPointer(posloc, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8 * sizeof(GLfloat), (GLvoid*)0);
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(posloc);
    
    //把法向量传给 object.vsh 的a_normal属性,注意:这里不能想当然的认为vertex shader中第2个attribute就是索引为1，必须通过program实事求是的取出它的location
    GLuint normloc = glGetAttribLocation(program->getProgram(), "a_normal");
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(normloc);
    glVertexAttribPointer(normloc, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8*sizeof(GLfloat), (GLvoid*)(3*sizeof(GLfloat)));
    
    //纹理坐标传给 vertex shader
    GLuint texloc = glGetAttribLocation(program->getProgram(), "a_texCoord");
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(texloc);
    glVertexAttribPointer(texloc, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8*sizeof(GLfloat), (GLvoid*)(6*sizeof(GLfloat)));
    
    glBindVertexArray(0);
    
    
    //灯光的vao, vbo 跟上边一样，灯光和物体使用同一个顶点数组
    glGenVertexArrays(1, &lightvao);
    glBindVertexArray(lightvao);
    
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo);
    
    //把顶点数据传给 light.vsh vertex shader 的第一个属性（索引为0）
    glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8 * sizeof(GLfloat), (GLvoid*)0);
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
    
    glBindVertexArray(0);
    //——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
    
    lamProgram = new GLProgram();
    lamProgram->initWithFilenames("lamp.vsh", "lamp.fsh");
    lamProgram->link();
    
    //——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
    //设置转换矩阵
    model = new Mat4();
//    model->rotate(Vec3(1, 1, 0), CC_DEGREES_TO_RADIANS(60));
    
    //camera
    cam = new MyCamera(Vec3(0, 0, 3));
    view = cam->GetViewMatrix();
    
    projection = new Mat4();
    Mat4::createPerspective(cam->Zoom, vsize.width / vsize.height, 0.1, 1000, projection);
    
    lightpos = Vec3(0.6, 0.5, 0.7);
    
    Director::getInstance()->setDepthTest(true);
    

    
    //touch事件
    auto elistener = EventListenerTouchOneByOne::create();
    elistener->onTouchBegan = CC_CALLBACK_2(OpenGLLightingMap::onTouchBegan, this);
    elistener->onTouchMoved = CC_CALLBACK_2(OpenGLLightingMap::onTouchMoved, this);
    elistener->onTouchEnded = CC_CALLBACK_2(OpenGLLightingMap::onTouchEnded, this);
    _eventDispatcher->addEventListenerWithSceneGraphPriority(elistener, this);
    
    return true;
}

void OpenGLLightingMap::visit(cocos2d::Renderer *render, const cocos2d::Mat4 &parentTransform, uint32_t parentflag)
{
    Layer::visit(render, parentTransform, parentflag);
    _command.init(_globalZOrder);
    _command.func = CC_CALLBACK_0(OpenGLLightingMap::onDraw, this);
    Director::getInstance()->getRenderer()->addCommand(&_command);
}

void OpenGLLightingMap::onDraw()
{
    auto program = this->getGLProgram();
    program->use();
    
   
    
    //物体的 model、view、project 矩阵
    model->scale(1);
    view = cam->GetViewMatrix();
    Mat4::createPerspective(cam->Zoom, vsize.width / vsize.height, 0.1, 1000, projection);
    
    GLuint modeloc = glGetUniformLocation(program->getProgram(), "model");
    glUniformMatrix4fv(modeloc, 1, GL_FALSE, model->m);
    
    GLuint viewloc = glGetUniformLocation(program->getProgram(), "view");
    glUniformMatrix4fv(viewloc, 1, GL_FALSE, view->m);
    
    GLuint proloc = glGetUniformLocation(program->getProgram(), "projection");
    glUniformMatrix4fv(proloc, 1, GL_FALSE, projection->m);
    
   

    glUniform3f(glGetUniformLocation(program->getProgram(), "lsth.ambient"), 0.2, 0.2, 0.2);
    glUniform3f(glGetUniformLocation(program->getProgram(), "lsth.diffuse"), 0.5, 0.5, 0.5);
    glUniform3f(glGetUniformLocation(program->getProgram(), "lsth.specular"), 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
    
    GL::bindTexture2DN(0, diffuseTexture);
    glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(program->getProgram(), "mater.diffuse"), 0);
    GL::bindTexture2DN(1, specularTexture);
    glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(program->getProgram(), "mater.specular"), 1);
    glUniform1f(glGetUniformLocation(program->getProgram(), "mater.shininess"), 64.0);
    
    GLuint lightposLoc = glGetUniformLocation(program->getProgram(), "lightpos");
    glUniform3f(lightposLoc, lightpos.x, lightpos.y, lightpos.z);
    
    GLuint viewposloc = glGetUniformLocation(program->getProgram(), "viewPos");
    glUniform3f(viewposloc, cam->Position.x, cam->Position.y, cam->Position.z);
    
    
    glBindVertexArray(vao);
    glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 36);
    glBindVertexArray(0);
    
    //灯光的model、view、project 矩阵
    lamProgram->use();
    modeloc = glGetUniformLocation(lamProgram->getProgram(), "model");
    auto lightmodel = new Mat4();
    lightmodel->translate(lightpos);
    lightmodel->rotate(Vec3(0, 1, 1), CC_DEGREES_TO_RADIANS(30));
    lightmodel->scale(0.2);
    glUniformMatrix4fv(modeloc, 1, GL_FALSE, lightmodel->m);
    
    viewloc = glGetUniformLocation(lamProgram->getProgram(), "view");
    glUniformMatrix4fv(viewloc, 1, GL_FALSE, view->m);
    
    proloc = glGetUniformLocation(lamProgram->getProgram(), "projection");
    glUniformMatrix4fv(proloc, 1, GL_FALSE, projection->m);
    
    glBindVertexArray(lightvao);
    glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 36);
    glBindVertexArray(0);
}
#pragma mark touch

bool OpenGLLightingMap::onTouchBegan(cocos2d::Touch *touch, cocos2d::Event *evt)
{
    return true;
}

void OpenGLLightingMap::onTouchMoved(cocos2d::Touch *touch, cocos2d::Event *evt)
{
    Vec2 curpos = touch->getLocationInView();
    Vec2 prepos = touch->getPreviousLocationInView();
    GLfloat dx = curpos.x - prepos.x;
    GLfloat dy = curpos.y - prepos.y;
    
    //移动摄像机
    GLfloat camspeed = 0.05f;
        if (curpos.y - prepos.y > 0) { //w
            cam->ProcessKeyboard(Cam_Move::FORWARD, camspeed);
        }else if (curpos.y - prepos.y < 0){ //s
            cam->ProcessKeyboard(Cam_Move::BACKWARD, camspeed);
        }
        else if (curpos.x - prepos.x < 0){ //a
             cam->ProcessKeyboard(Cam_Move::LEFT, camspeed);
        }else if (curpos.x - prepos.x > 0){ //d
            cam->ProcessKeyboard(Cam_Move::RIGHT, camspeed);
        }
    //(3)旋转摄像机
    
//    cam->ProcessMouseMovement(dx, dy);
           //（4）缩放
//    if(fov >= 1 && fov <= 45){
//        fov -= dx * camspeed;
//    }
//    if(fov <= 1){
//        fov = 1;
//    }
//    if(fov >= 45){
//        fov = 45;
//    }
}

void OpenGLLightingMap::onTouchEnded(cocos2d::Touch *touch, cocos2d::Event *evt)
{
    
}

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光照贴图

漫反射贴图(Diffuse texture)我们希望通过某种方式对每个原始像素独立设置diffuse颜色。它基本就是一个纹理：使用一张图片覆盖住物体，以便我们为每个原始像素索引独立颜色值。在光照场景中，通过纹理来呈现一个物体的diffuse颜色，这个做法被称做漫反射贴图(Diffuse texture)。贴图：在片段着色器中，我们创建一个结构体(St
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